Question Bank - Sree Narayana Gurukulam College of
... 24. What happens when the Zener diodes are connected in series? 25. What type of biasing must be used when a Zener diode is used as a regulator? 26. Current in a 1W – 10V Zener diode must be limited to a maximum of what value? 27. How will you differentiate the diodes whether it is Zener or avalanch ...
... 24. What happens when the Zener diodes are connected in series? 25. What type of biasing must be used when a Zener diode is used as a regulator? 26. Current in a 1W – 10V Zener diode must be limited to a maximum of what value? 27. How will you differentiate the diodes whether it is Zener or avalanch ...
AN-202 A Digital Multimeter Using the ADD3501
... TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or the design of Buyers’ products. Buyers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with Buyers’ products and applications, Buyers should provide adequate design and operating safeguar ...
... TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or the design of Buyers’ products. Buyers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with Buyers’ products and applications, Buyers should provide adequate design and operating safeguar ...
True Power vs. Apparent Power - Associated Power Technologies
... The voltage and current of an AC circuit are sinusoidal in nature (see Fig. 2). This means that the amplitude of the current and voltage of an AC circuit will constantly change over time. Since power is voltage times current (P= V*I), power is maximized when the voltage and current are “lined up” wi ...
... The voltage and current of an AC circuit are sinusoidal in nature (see Fig. 2). This means that the amplitude of the current and voltage of an AC circuit will constantly change over time. Since power is voltage times current (P= V*I), power is maximized when the voltage and current are “lined up” wi ...
High-Power High-Performance Low
... affects PPR. Depending on the circuitry and the components, td can be fractions of a microsecond, i.e., td is a good part of the half-period. The open literature cites factor 1 only as detrimental to PPR. However, factor 2 can be quite as important. A rule of thumb is that, in relatively low-voltage ...
... affects PPR. Depending on the circuitry and the components, td can be fractions of a microsecond, i.e., td is a good part of the half-period. The open literature cites factor 1 only as detrimental to PPR. However, factor 2 can be quite as important. A rule of thumb is that, in relatively low-voltage ...
CBB 162 IP Series
... equivalent circuit diagrams and so on are available on request. Packaging: Please refer to the data book for details. Further information is available on request. ...
... equivalent circuit diagrams and so on are available on request. Packaging: Please refer to the data book for details. Further information is available on request. ...
Lecture 5 - Termination, TX Driver, and Multiplexer
... • A linear regulator sets the output stage supply, Vs • Termination is implemented by output NMOS transistors • To compensate for PVT and varying output swing levels, the pre-drive supply is adjusted with a feedback loop • The top and bottom output stage transistors need to be sized differently, as ...
... • A linear regulator sets the output stage supply, Vs • Termination is implemented by output NMOS transistors • To compensate for PVT and varying output swing levels, the pre-drive supply is adjusted with a feedback loop • The top and bottom output stage transistors need to be sized differently, as ...
MAX4545-7.pdf
... The MAX4545/MAX4546/MAX4547 are constructed as high-frequency “T” switches, as shown in Figure 1. The logic-level input, IN_, is translated by amplifier A1 into a V+ to V- logic signal that drives amplifier A2. (Amplifier A2 is an inverter for normally closed switches.) Amplifier A2 drives the gates ...
... The MAX4545/MAX4546/MAX4547 are constructed as high-frequency “T” switches, as shown in Figure 1. The logic-level input, IN_, is translated by amplifier A1 into a V+ to V- logic signal that drives amplifier A2. (Amplifier A2 is an inverter for normally closed switches.) Amplifier A2 drives the gates ...
Precision Low Dropout Linear Controllers (Rev. A)
... Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been de ...
... Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been de ...
Thermostat Pattern drawing
... When a maximum temperature is guarded with the other equipment, this resistor isn't needed. When there is not a limitation receptacle, a resistor is needed so as not to become above the upper limit temperature. You consider a maximum temperature and must fix an appropriate resistance value. ...
... When a maximum temperature is guarded with the other equipment, this resistor isn't needed. When there is not a limitation receptacle, a resistor is needed so as not to become above the upper limit temperature. You consider a maximum temperature and must fix an appropriate resistance value. ...
E8 - Signals And Emissions
... E8A04 What is equivalent to the root-meansquare value of an AC voltage? A. The AC voltage found by taking the square of the average value of the peak AC voltage B. The DC voltage causing the same amount of heating in a given resistor as the corresponding peak AC voltage C. The DC voltage causing th ...
... E8A04 What is equivalent to the root-meansquare value of an AC voltage? A. The AC voltage found by taking the square of the average value of the peak AC voltage B. The DC voltage causing the same amount of heating in a given resistor as the corresponding peak AC voltage C. The DC voltage causing th ...
CMOS, 125 MHz Complete DDS Synthesizer AD9850
... The AD9850 is a highly integrated device that uses advanced DDS technology coupled with an internal high speed, high performance, D/A converter and comparator, to form a complete digitally programmable frequency synthesizer and clock generator function. When referenced to an accurate clock source, t ...
... The AD9850 is a highly integrated device that uses advanced DDS technology coupled with an internal high speed, high performance, D/A converter and comparator, to form a complete digitally programmable frequency synthesizer and clock generator function. When referenced to an accurate clock source, t ...
BD9111NV
... 5. Consideration on Permissible Dissipation and Heat Generation Since this IC functions with high efficiency without significant heat generation in most applications, no special consideration is needed on permissible dissipation or heat generation. In case of extreme conditions, however, including l ...
... 5. Consideration on Permissible Dissipation and Heat Generation Since this IC functions with high efficiency without significant heat generation in most applications, no special consideration is needed on permissible dissipation or heat generation. In case of extreme conditions, however, including l ...
Instruction Manual - TECO
... NEMA MG-1; Safety Standards for Construction and Guide Selection. Installation and Use of Electric Motors and Generators; National Electric Code and all local safety requirements. 2. When servicing, all power sources to the motor and to the accessory devices should be de-energized and disconnected a ...
... NEMA MG-1; Safety Standards for Construction and Guide Selection. Installation and Use of Electric Motors and Generators; National Electric Code and all local safety requirements. 2. When servicing, all power sources to the motor and to the accessory devices should be de-energized and disconnected a ...
Measuring voltage transients with an ultrafast scanning
... kept at a bias voltage, V b , of around 50 mV to supply a dc tunneling current. The switch voltage, V sw ~typically 2–10 V! is applied to the other side of the in-line switch. From electro-optic sampling9 measurements, we deduce that the pulse width of the input signal is 800 fs and the amplitudes a ...
... kept at a bias voltage, V b , of around 50 mV to supply a dc tunneling current. The switch voltage, V sw ~typically 2–10 V! is applied to the other side of the in-line switch. From electro-optic sampling9 measurements, we deduce that the pulse width of the input signal is 800 fs and the amplitudes a ...
International Electrical Engineering Journal (IEEJ) Vol. 6 (2015) No.2, pp. 1787-1791
... Switched dynamical systems such as dc-dc converters are known to exhibit non-linear behavior such as bifurcation and chaos due to cyclic switching of circuit topology [1]. Chaotic motion occurs frequently in the DC-DC converters, for the performance of the harsh electromagnetic noise, the control sy ...
... Switched dynamical systems such as dc-dc converters are known to exhibit non-linear behavior such as bifurcation and chaos due to cyclic switching of circuit topology [1]. Chaotic motion occurs frequently in the DC-DC converters, for the performance of the harsh electromagnetic noise, the control sy ...
IGBT or MOSFET: Choose Wisely
... depending on operating conditions. How does a designer select the right device for his application? The best approach is to understand the relative performance of each device. And know that if it looks too good to be true, it probably is. Some simple things to keep in mind: Test data, supplier claim ...
... depending on operating conditions. How does a designer select the right device for his application? The best approach is to understand the relative performance of each device. And know that if it looks too good to be true, it probably is. Some simple things to keep in mind: Test data, supplier claim ...
MAX8510/MAX8511/MAX8512 Ultra-Low-Noise, High PSRR, Low-Dropout, 120mA Linear Regulators General Description
... and COUT = 1µF. Startup time is minimized by a poweron circuit that precharges the bypass capacitor. ...
... and COUT = 1µF. Startup time is minimized by a poweron circuit that precharges the bypass capacitor. ...
LTC1069-1 - Low Power, 8th Order Progressive Elliptic, Lowpass Filter
... single or dual supply operation, an analog ground plane surrounding the package is recommended. The analog ground plane should be connected to any digital ground at a single point. For dual supply operation Pin 1 should be connected to the analog ground plane. For single supply operation Pin 1 shoul ...
... single or dual supply operation, an analog ground plane surrounding the package is recommended. The analog ground plane should be connected to any digital ground at a single point. For dual supply operation Pin 1 should be connected to the analog ground plane. For single supply operation Pin 1 shoul ...
STL23NM60ND
... 1. The value is rated according to Rthj-case 2. Pulse width limited by safe operating area 3. When mounted on FR-4 board of inch², 2oz Cu 4. ISD ≤ 19.5 A, di/dt ≤ 400 A/µs, VPeak < V(BR)DSS ...
... 1. The value is rated according to Rthj-case 2. Pulse width limited by safe operating area 3. When mounted on FR-4 board of inch², 2oz Cu 4. ISD ≤ 19.5 A, di/dt ≤ 400 A/µs, VPeak < V(BR)DSS ...
Pulse-width modulation
Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.