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H20 Incremental
H20 Incremental

... mounts, or one of the standard face mounts, F1 for example. Consult factory for additional face mount options. 2.The shaft seal is recommended in virtually all installations. The most common exceptions are applications requiring a very low starting torque or those requiring operation at both high te ...
1. Introduction
1. Introduction

... and stored as “Test Sequences.” The program maintains a library of these sequences. In this way you can store and retrieve sequences that are appropriate for each ESU being tested at your facility. ...
A Novel Universal Sensor Concept for Survivable PMSM Drives Yao
A Novel Universal Sensor Concept for Survivable PMSM Drives Yao

... Furthermore, additional hardware is usually required in the process of high-frequency signal injection and detection. Another type of position sensorless technique is based on an electric machine’s back electromotive force (EMF) [8], [9]. The position vector can be estimated by integration of the ba ...
Design and Application of a Power Unit to Use Plug
Design and Application of a Power Unit to Use Plug

... energy sustainability advantages compared to conventional vehicles. GEV runs solely on power generated by its own battery group, which supplies power to its electric motor. This battery group can be charged from external electric sources. Nowadays, the interaction of GEV with the power grid is unidi ...
Buffer Interface with Negative Gate Bias for Desat
Buffer Interface with Negative Gate Bias for Desat

... In both families, each output stage has three separate gate control pins to allow flexible customization of the IGBT gate charge. These families are designed specifically to protect halfbridge and three-phase inverter switches. Desaturation detection of the power switch is fully integrated, resultin ...
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FEATURES FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

... The ADG201A-EP is a monolithic CMOS device comprising four independently selectable switches. They are designed on an enhanced LC2MOS process, which gives an increased signal handling capability of ±15 V. These switches also feature high switching speeds and low RON. ...
Power-supply rail rejection
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... load. There is little temptation to use a simple resistor tail for the input; the cost saving is negligible and the ripple performance inadequate, even with a decoupled mid-point. A practical value for such a tail resistor would be 22 k, which in SPICE simulation gives a low-frequency PSRR of -120 d ...
TJ2995 - HTC Korea
TJ2995 - HTC Korea

... regulated only at the output of the TJ2995, then the long trace will cause a significant IR drop, resulting in a termination voltage lower at one end of the bus than the other. The VSENSE pin can be used to improve this performance, by connecting it to the middle of the bus. This will provide a bett ...
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Features Pin Configuration Description Pin Description

... B. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness. Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regul ...
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RA05H8693M 数据资料DataSheet下载

... sufficient to guarantee the level of reliability typically deemed necessary for critical communications elements. Examples of critical communications elements would include transmitters for base station applications and fixed station applications that operate with long term continuous transmission a ...
SG-2020 Transceiver
SG-2020 Transceiver

... the new power setting P(from above) and then press ‘MEM’ to store this P value temporarily (for as long you are in this channel). Press (‘FAST’+’MEM’) together for storing permanently this value in this channel’s memory. 8.7 Repeat the above step for the remaining 19 channels/frequencies. 9.0 TRANSM ...
LTC6908-1/LTC6908-2 - Resistor Set SOT-23
LTC6908-1/LTC6908-2 - Resistor Set SOT-23

... The output of the MDAC is then filtered by a lowpass filter with a corner frequency set to the modulation rate (fOUT/N). This limits the frequency change rate and softens corners of the waveform, but allows the waveform to fully settle at each frequency step. The rise and fall times of this single pol ...
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ADS900 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

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Compensation Methods in Voltage Regulators | CUI Inc
Compensation Methods in Voltage Regulators | CUI Inc

... then modeled or measured with the compensation components installed. This process is often repeated many times until the desired result is achieved. Optimizing the compensation of a digital switching regulator is accomplished in a similar manner; however changes are made using firmware rather than p ...
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DC bus voltage control for a distributed power system

... The investigated dc distribution network consists of five converters where three are operated as sources and two are feeding power to loads. The converters are connected to galvanically separated ac power sources or loads. The grids should be galvanically separated to avoid a low impedance path for ...
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Circuit Simulator User Manual

... As  soon  as  elements  are  placed  on  the  circuit  board,  the  simulation  will  start  running.     To  pause  simulation,  click  the  Pause  Simulation  button  at  the  top  left  of  the  simulator   window.    Click  this ...
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RT9020 - Future Electronics
RT9020 - Future Electronics

... ceramic.The input capacitor must be located a distance not more than 0.5 inch from the input pin of the IC and returned to a clean analog ground. The capacitor with larger value and lower ESR (equivalent series resistance) provides better PSRR and line-transient response. The output capacitor must m ...
Closed Loop Control of Separately Excited DC Motor
Closed Loop Control of Separately Excited DC Motor

... The variable speed, reliability and high performance are three main characteristics of an electric drive system due to which it can be easily controlled. The field of motor is connected directly to the power supply for the speed control. At the same time it is necessary for torque and speed control. ...
Amptek Inc. Amptek Inc. 1 Activitity (of a radioisotope): The number
Amptek Inc. Amptek Inc. 1 Activitity (of a radioisotope): The number

... Baseline (of a pulse): The instantaneous value that the voltage would have had at the time of the pulse peak in the absence of that pulse. In nuclear electronics, pulse heights are measured relative to the baseline, which is not necessarily zero. See Figure 1. Baseline restoration: A method used to ...
G201 INSTALLATION NOTES:
G201 INSTALLATION NOTES:

... ADJUST: This trimpot adjusts the motor for the smoothest possible low-speed operation. Set the motor speed to about 1/2 revolution per second and then turn the trimpot until a distinct null is noted in the motor‟s vibration. This will result in the most even microstep placement for a given motor and ...
SB0800 Octal Valves and Pump Controller System on Chip
SB0800 Octal Valves and Pump Controller System on Chip

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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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