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... This paper deals with the development of a matrix converter. Matrix converters belong to the category of direct frequency converters. A converter does not contain DC-link and the output voltage is provided by direct switching of voltage from the input phases. This is enabled by 9 bidirectional switc ...
Current Sense Circuit Collection
Current Sense Circuit Collection

... current exceeds about 0.7mA in either direction, one of the boost transistors will start conducting to provide the additional commanded current. ...
Benefits of voltage measurements with smart meters
Benefits of voltage measurements with smart meters

... compared to the real situation as verified by performing measurements. The cause is often not component data errors in NIS, but rather quite large errors in the estimated customer load. This will improve when 1 hour interval energy metering is in place, but even then it can be large differences betw ...
Avalanche ruggedness of 800V Lateral IGBTs in bulk Si
Avalanche ruggedness of 800V Lateral IGBTs in bulk Si

... (e.g. LED lighting, mobile phone and tablet chargers) because of the reduced cost achieved by minimising the number of circuit components [3]. A typical flyback converter has been analysed to gain better understanding of the requirements for the LIGBTs used in such low-power off-line SMPS applicatio ...
26 22 13 15 lv transformers tp-1s
26 22 13 15 lv transformers tp-1s

... transformer per the manufacturers recommended installation practices as found in the installation, operation, and maintenance manual and comply with all applicable codes. Make sure that the transformer is level. Check for damage and loose connections. Mount transformer to comply with all applicable ...
BD9122GUL
BD9122GUL

ADIS16060 数据手册DataSheet 下载
ADIS16060 数据手册DataSheet 下载

Analog Dialogue - Analog Devices
Analog Dialogue - Analog Devices

PDF
PDF

... A delay locked loop is used to synchronise the output of DLL with the input frequency. It provides exactly one time period delay[4]. The block diagram is shown in fig-7. The synchronization of the output of the DLL with the original clock is a very vital requirement for the minimized jitter performa ...
Introduction to the Mechatronic Engineering Laboratory Equipment
Introduction to the Mechatronic Engineering Laboratory Equipment

... You can set the display resolution to ‘41’, ‘51’, or ‘61’ digits to optimize either measurement speed or noise rejection. The leftmost digit on the display is referred to as the “1“ digit, since it can only be a “0” or “1.” The resolution is set to ‘51’ digits at power-on. You can also vary the numb ...
TGS2351 数据资料DataSheet下载
TGS2351 数据资料DataSheet下载

... (SPDT) Switch. The TGS2351 operates from DC to 6 GHz and is designed using TriQuint’s 0.25um GaN on SiC production process. ...
Chapter4 DC Biasing BJT (part c)
Chapter4 DC Biasing BJT (part c)

26 22 13 15 lv transformers tp-1s
26 22 13 15 lv transformers tp-1s

... transformer per the manufacturers recommended installation practices as found in the installation, operation, and maintenance manual and comply with all applicable codes. Make sure that the transformer is level. Check for damage and loose connections. Mount transformer to comply with all applicable ...
Resources
Resources

ElektorElectronics-1..
ElektorElectronics-1..

... the idea of adding a spectrum analyser function arose quite quickly. This is only natural, since an SFG already includes a large number of the elements necessary for a spectrum analyser, such as a DDS (direct digital synthesizer) IC, a logarithmic detector, and a microcontroller with an A/ D convert ...
Millennia NSEQ-2 Manual
Millennia NSEQ-2 Manual

... The MILLENNIA NSEQ-2 plugin can be installed and operated like any other UAD2 plugin. Please check www.uaudio.com for general info about the system requirements, etc. ...
FIN1022 2 X 2 LVDS High Speed Crosspoint Switch FI N1022 2 X
FIN1022 2 X 2 LVDS High Speed Crosspoint Switch FI N1022 2 X

... 4. Fail safe protection on the outputs that draw less than 20 µA of current (worst case) on the LVDS inputs. In this condition, if the input is in fail safe selected to OUT0+/OUT0− (say) and the outputs are Enabled then OUT0+ = HIGH and OUT0− = LOW. This prevents noise from being amplified when the ...
ADM1070 数据手册DataSheet 下载
ADM1070 数据手册DataSheet 下载

Full-text
Full-text

... Fig. 4(a) shows the transformer voltage (UTR) and the current (ITR) without the resonant circuit, but Fig. 4(b) – with the resonant circuit. As it can be seen, the current form of the transformer is close to a sine wave. In this operation mode the maximal efficiency can be achieved. Fig. 5(a) shows ...
CANwatch - EMS Dr. Thomas Wünsche
CANwatch - EMS Dr. Thomas Wünsche

... CANwatch is a passive device whose function is based on the analysis of static and dynamic parameters of the CAN signal. The evaluation of the signal shape is mainly based on the difference level between the signals CAN High and CAN Low. The protocol based information of the CAN telegrams has no inf ...
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... Factory Start-Up (FS): Provide for a trained Factory Authorized Technician to administer an onsite point-by-point visual check of the system. Included is a check of all internal electrical connections, AC and Battery connections, system voltages and all system parameters. The system is then powered ...
280-76
280-76

... * Jacks are provided on the panel for connecting external ammeter if different ranges, greater accuracy, or calibration of panel meter is required. ...
A discriminating metal detector
A discriminating metal detector

AD6IW HEMT MMIC Wideband LNA article and kit info
AD6IW HEMT MMIC Wideband LNA article and kit info

... Series inductor improves input RL but increases NF. This option is useful for driver amplifier application where good input return loss is needed. 70CM LNA with 2M Notch filter was done with L2 and C3 network. Two meter signal is attenuated >30dB, and return loss is improved. NF is slightly higher. ...
TPS61058 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
TPS61058 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... The device integrates an N-channel and a P-channel MOSFET transistor to realize a synchronous rectifier. Because the commonly used discrete Schottky rectifier is replaced with a low RDS(ON) PMOS switch, the power conversion stage itself can reach 96% efficiency. In order to avoid ground shift due to ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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