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EX1000 DATASHEET
EX1000 DATASHEET

... This kind of serial sensors can be controlled by the mote directly , acquiring data and doing the signal treatment in the same way that operates within the integrated or directly connected sensors. It is strongly recommended to be aware of how is performing the sensor UART which is going to be conne ...
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... wireless sensor networks, transmitter and receiver circuits, and the conversion processes of the signals for baseband applications [1–4]. Flash ADC is known as the fastest type of ADC among designers. It has the most important role, especially for magnetic read channel applications, optical data rec ...
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... These frequencies (harmonics) occur in odd multiplies of 60 Hz. The degree of occurrence is called total harmonic distortion (THD). If the power source can’t respond to all frequencies demanded by the circuit, then further distortion of the applied voltage may occur—creating more complication. Every ...
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... a fiber-optic cable, even if Electrically Triggered Thyristors (ETTs) are used. Therefore, the possibility of triggering the thyristor directly with the help of a light pulse was considered early. That would make it possible to avoid converting the low-power light pulse into a high-power electrical ...
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... push button is pressed, in which case the appropriate input is made negative (logic 0). The LEDs are driven from the microcontroller pins RA0, RA2, RA3 and RA4, respectively, via 10KΩ pull-up resistors. Pins RB0, RB1, RB2 and RB3 provide a Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) output equivalent to the number t ...
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EMI EMC pt 4

... – High-speed signals should be routed on buried layers located between planes. The planes can then act as shields and contain the radiation from the high-speed traces. – Multiple-ground planes are very advantageous, because they will lower the ground (reference plane) impedance of the board and redu ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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