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BH6172GU
BH6172GU

msm6100™ chipset solution
msm6100™ chipset solution

... band. The LO generation block produces all LO signals so that only one external single-band VCO is required for all CDMA frequency bands of operation. Included on chip is the GPS LNA as well as the entire GPS VCO including resonant components. The Rx PLL, which resides on the transmit companion IC, ...
master`s thesis design and implementation of leaky wave
master`s thesis design and implementation of leaky wave

Presentation for Electronic system review
Presentation for Electronic system review

... 10% of measured value max. ...
HMC-AUH318 数据资料DataSheet下载
HMC-AUH318 数据资料DataSheet下载

power factor correction using microcontroller
power factor correction using microcontroller

... switching of static switches to prevent the occurrence of transients and harmonics, and (d) switch failure detection logic and their display, are all incorporated in the software programming. (Manual et al. 1994) Wolfle,W.H. investigates the use of variable inductance (the inductance varies with cur ...
BD9A101MUV-LB
BD9A101MUV-LB

Illustration of Modern Wind Turbine Ancillary Services
Illustration of Modern Wind Turbine Ancillary Services

FB9L Universal Lamp Alarm Relay
FB9L Universal Lamp Alarm Relay

420 Stereo Power Amplifier
420 Stereo Power Amplifier

... install near any heat source such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other apparatus (including amplifiers) that produce heat. Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms or when unused for long periods of time. Stay Out of the Box To avoid personal injury (or worse), do not remove the produ ...
Real and Reactive Power Sensor
Real and Reactive Power Sensor

AT-4000 Advanced Tracer Product Manual
AT-4000 Advanced Tracer Product Manual

INA19xA-Q1: Current Shunt Monitors With -16-V to 80
INA19xA-Q1: Current Shunt Monitors With -16-V to 80

... Figure 20. INA19xA Basic Connections 7.3.2 Selecting RS The value chosen for the shunt resistor, RS, depends on the application and is a compromise between smallsignal accuracy and maximum permissible voltage loss in the measurement line. High values of RS provide better accuracy at lower currents b ...
RGB to SCART
RGB to SCART

3 - KFUPM Faculty List
3 - KFUPM Faculty List

... give reliable data with which to work. Such experimental results show evidence that the leakage current on common porcelain insulators exhibits non-linear behavior. Current transport was studied by exploring time-averaged i–v plots. From the results presented and the above discussion it is clear tha ...
ADG417 数据手册DataSheet下载
ADG417 数据手册DataSheet下载

... Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to abso ...
11111-HWS516 Data Sheet產品規格-E1
11111-HWS516 Data Sheet產品規格-E1

... The HWS516 is a GaAs PHEMT MMIC SPDT switch with 50 Ω termination operating at 0.5 -3.0 GHz in a low cost miniature USON6L (1.5x1.5x0.4 mm) plastic lead (Pb) free package. The HWS516 features low insertion loss and high isolation with very low DC power consumption. This switch can be used in Bluetoo ...
MP20075 - Monolithic Power System
MP20075 - Monolithic Power System

... accuracy. It has source current capability of up to 10mA. VTTREF should be bypassed to analog ground with a 1.0μF ceramic capacitor for stable operation. The VTTREF is turned on as long as VDDQ is higher the UVLO threshold. VTTREF features a soft-start and tracks VREF/2. Output Voltages Sensing The ...
12-Bit, Voltage Output DIGITAL-TO
12-Bit, Voltage Output DIGITAL-TO

... The reference inputs, VREFL and VREFH, can be any voltage between VSS + 2.25V and VDD – 2.25V provided that VREFH is at least 1.25V greater than VREFL. The minimum output of each DAC is equal to VREFL plus a small offset voltage (essentially, the offset of the output op amp). The maximum output is e ...
RF Frequency Linear Tuning Varactors
RF Frequency Linear Tuning Varactors

... In the early 1970’s hyperabrupt silicon varactors became available in which the capacitance - voltage curve of the abrupt junction diodes was modified by adding an N+ layer under the junction, either by ion implantation, by an additional diffusion, or an additional epitaxial layer. This had the effe ...
The ISO72x Family of High-Speed Digital Isolators
The ISO72x Family of High-Speed Digital Isolators

... The advantage of inductive coupling is the possible difference in common-mode and differential transfer characteristics. Careful transformer design allows noise and signal frequencies to overlap but presents high common-mode impedance to the noise and low differential impedance to the signal. Anothe ...
X4901160164
X4901160164

ADS7834 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
ADS7834 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... The ADS7834 is a 12-bit sampling analog-to-digital converter (A/D) complete with sample/hold, internal 2.5V reference, and synchronous serial interface. Typical power dissipation is 11mW at a 500kHz throughput rate. The device can be placed into a power-down mode that reduces dissipation to just 2.5 ...
LMV831 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
LMV831 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

MAX15058 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: General Description Features
MAX15058 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: General Description Features

... evaluate the MAX15058 high-efficiency, 3A, step-down regulator with integrated switches. The applications include distributed power systems, portable devices, and preregulators. The EV kit is preset for 1.8V output at load currents up to 3A from a 2.8V to 5.5V input supply. The IC features a 1MHz fi ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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