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SEL-787 Transformer Protection Relay Data Sheet
SEL-787 Transformer Protection Relay Data Sheet

... Optional Protection Features. Use the SEL-787 with optional voltage inputs to provide volts/hertz protection with frequency tracking from 20 to 70 Hz for generator step-up and other variable frequency applications. Implement load shedding and other control schemes with over- and underfrequency and o ...
cdv/dt induced turn-on in synchronous buck regulators
cdv/dt induced turn-on in synchronous buck regulators

... A more effective way of solving the Cdv/dt induced turnon problem is to implement an AC gate drive for Q2. An example of implementing an AC gate drive can be found in the schematic of Figure 9. As shown in Figure 9, an AC coupling capacitor and a gate-to-source resistor are added to the gate of Q2. ...
575A - Ortec
575A - Ortec

... cancellation for all preamplifiers having 30- s or greater decay times. Improper matching of the polezero network will degrade the overload performance and cause excessive pileup distortion at medium counting rates. Improper matching causes either an undercompensation (undershoot is not eliminated) ...
10 kV High Voltage Generator with LLC Resonant Circuit for
10 kV High Voltage Generator with LLC Resonant Circuit for

... generator become more facility. It will expand applications of pulsed electric field (PEF) technology, such as food sterilization, waste treatment, pollution control, and medical diagnosis and treatment [1]-[10]. In particular, when PEFs are used to sterilize microbes of liquid food, they only cause ...
Ionizer Nozzle type
Ionizer Nozzle type

... Note 1) Measured with a probe of 1000 MΩ and 5 pF. Note 2) Measured with a distance of 100 mm between the charged object and ionizer at an air purge pressure of 0.3 MPa. For the static neutralization time, refer to technical data on page 1129. Note 3) Value above background level, measured with a di ...
Note 2
Note 2

... 10 serves as a shutdown pin for the control circuitry only (VCC is not affected). Taking Pin 10 of the LTC1149-3.3 or LTC1149-5 high holds both MOSFETs off. Must be at ground potential for normal operation. For the LTC1149 adjustable version, Pin 10 serves as the feedback pin from an external resist ...
LTC4355 Positive High Voltage Ideal Diode
LTC4355 Positive High Voltage Ideal Diode

... pulls to GND when VINx < 3.5V, indicating that the fuse has blown open. Otherwise, this output is high impedance. Connect to GND if unused. GATEx: Gate Drive Outputs. The GATE pins pull high, enhancing the N-channel MOSFET when the load current creates more than 25mV of voltage drop across the MOSFE ...
AN1549: Addressing Power Issues in Real Time Clock
AN1549: Addressing Power Issues in Real Time Clock

... those applications which use offline AC power and switch it on and off can produce voltage bounces on the ground or VDD, or both, with enough energy and fast enough speed to propagate across a PC board despite bulk and decoupling capacitance at supply pins. In some cases, the energy supplied and the ...
Power Electronics - Key Technology for Renewable Energy
Power Electronics - Key Technology for Renewable Energy

LTC3713 - Low Input Voltage, High Power, No
LTC3713 - Low Input Voltage, High Power, No

... on-resistance . The voltage on the ITH pin sets the comparator threshold corresponding to inductor valley current. The error amplifier EA adjusts this voltage by comparing the feedback signal VFB1 from the output voltage with an internal 0.8V reference. If the load current increases, it causes a dro ...
O A RIGINAL RTICLE
O A RIGINAL RTICLE

... voltage waveform and any deviation from these predesigned magnitude and frequency can cause power quality problems and resultantly failure of equipment on the customer side (Dugan et al. 2003). Among the power quality disturbances, voltage sag and harmonic distortion are the most important disturban ...
MegaCoiler - DIYAutoTune.com
MegaCoiler - DIYAutoTune.com

... loading the embedded code using a bootloader. A RS232 (MAX232 or similar) chip is needed to provide TTL level communications of the PIC. Indication LED on the PCB. At this time, it is used to indicate that the program in PIC is running. ...
Analogue Output Manual
Analogue Output Manual

... You have complete freedom on the numeric display limits which correspond to your analogue output. They can both be positive, one negative and one positive, or both negative. There are two board types, one for single polarity output such as 4-20mA and 0-10V, the other for -10V to +10V output. The app ...
LME49830 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
LME49830 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... ered optional. The RDS(on) of the devices serve a similar purpose. As the output stage is scaled up in number of devices the value of RE will need to be optimized for best performance. Typical values range from 0.1Ω to 0.5Ω. The value of the gate resistors affect stability and slew rate. The capaci ...
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

... Chorus has been especially tuned for the use with bass guitars. The PAD switch allows you to use the unit with active and passive basses. SPECIFICATIONS Input impedance: Output impedance: Controls: Indicator: Connectors: Power requirements: Power consumption: Dimensions (W x H x D): ...
Timers
Timers

... Monostable Characteristics • Generates a single pulse of a fixed time duration each time it receives an input trigger pulse • Length of pulse depends on when the capacitor reaches 66.6% V • Length of pulse is given by: ...
General Description Features
General Description Features

... for AC-disconnect detection and can be bypassed to operate in DC-disconnect detection mode. The internal oscillator can be shut down using jumper JU6 if AC-disconnect detection is not required. Test points and jumpers have been provided for voltage probing and current measurements of the power circu ...
LTC4355 Positive High Voltage Ideal Diode
LTC4355 Positive High Voltage Ideal Diode

... pulls to GND when VINx < 3.5V, indicating that the fuse has blown open. Otherwise, this output is high impedance. Connect to GND if unused. GATEx: Gate Drive Outputs. The GATE pins pull high, enhancing the N-channel MOSFET when the load current creates more than 25mV of voltage drop across the MOSFE ...
You can guess which fuse is bad… or you can try this
You can guess which fuse is bad… or you can try this

LM2840/41/42/40Q/41Q/42Q 100/300/600 mA
LM2840/41/42/40Q/41Q/42Q 100/300/600 mA

... The LM2840/1/2 contains a current-mode, PWM buck regulator. A buck regulator steps the input voltage down to a lower output voltage. In continuous conduction mode (when the inductor current never reaches zero at steady state), the buck regulator operates in two cycles. The power switch is connected ...
2-Wire HID Relays Technical WR-6161, WR-6172
2-Wire HID Relays Technical WR-6161, WR-6172

... • Indication (ON state) and location (OFF state) are obtained by utilizing LED diodes built into the switch. Only the LED which is connected in the same direction as the gate diode in the relay will light. Although the LED current passes through the relay coil, it is not large enough to cause the re ...
New Sales Tools
New Sales Tools

NCP4326 - Switchmode Power Supply Controller
NCP4326 - Switchmode Power Supply Controller

... mode is activated and the quiescent current is reduced to the minimum. The output drivers are disabled. ...
Development of Differential Amplifier Based the Second Generation Current Conveyors Wanlop Surakampontorn
Development of Differential Amplifier Based the Second Generation Current Conveyors Wanlop Surakampontorn

... 1992, the CCII of Fig. 5(a) was proposed by Laopoulos et al., where M5, M6, M12 and M13 form as high loop gain feedback part to provide low rX [30]. A simple CCII as shown in Fig. 5(b) was proposed by Palmisano and Palumbo in 1995 [31]. This CCII, M1 of the diff-amp is driven by the constant current ...
LT5511 - High Signal Level Upconverting Mixer.
LT5511 - High Signal Level Upconverting Mixer.

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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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