Genomic imprinting in the development and evolution of
... I review and evaluate genetic and genomic evidence salient to the hypothesis that the development and evolution of psychotic spectrum conditions have been mediated in part by alterations of imprinted genes expressed in the brain. Evidence from the genetics and genomics of schizophrenia, bipolar diso ...
... I review and evaluate genetic and genomic evidence salient to the hypothesis that the development and evolution of psychotic spectrum conditions have been mediated in part by alterations of imprinted genes expressed in the brain. Evidence from the genetics and genomics of schizophrenia, bipolar diso ...
Shoot Branching and Leaf Dissection in Tomato Are
... requires the formation of auxin maxima along the rachis and subsequent activation of auxin signaling (Barkoulas et al., 2008; Koenig et al., 2009). In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) compound leaf development, auxin maxima are found at positions where leaflets initiate (Koenig et al., 2009), whereas a ...
... requires the formation of auxin maxima along the rachis and subsequent activation of auxin signaling (Barkoulas et al., 2008; Koenig et al., 2009). In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) compound leaf development, auxin maxima are found at positions where leaflets initiate (Koenig et al., 2009), whereas a ...
Practical Guide to Population Genetics
... These kinds of mutation occur at different rates and are differently affected by mutagenic agents. We have to realise that there is no constraint at the molecular level of DNA on what mutations can occur. Constraints on genetic variation arise from physiology and development of an individual and not ...
... These kinds of mutation occur at different rates and are differently affected by mutagenic agents. We have to realise that there is no constraint at the molecular level of DNA on what mutations can occur. Constraints on genetic variation arise from physiology and development of an individual and not ...
Lethal Mutagenesis of Bacteria
... reducing birth rate (hence increasing generation time) as well as those increasing death rate. These results have parallels with viral lethal mutagenesis. Components of birth and death can both be accommodated in the viral model through their effects on burst size: b is the number of virions release ...
... reducing birth rate (hence increasing generation time) as well as those increasing death rate. These results have parallels with viral lethal mutagenesis. Components of birth and death can both be accommodated in the viral model through their effects on burst size: b is the number of virions release ...
Full Text
... protein complex 2α (AP2α) and serum response factor (SRF) (15). Increased HTRA1 expression can contribute to pathogenesis and augment AMD injuries by increasing the cell death signals through serine protease pathways (40). AMD patients bearing an allele of polymorphism rs11200638 -625 G>A express mo ...
... protein complex 2α (AP2α) and serum response factor (SRF) (15). Increased HTRA1 expression can contribute to pathogenesis and augment AMD injuries by increasing the cell death signals through serine protease pathways (40). AMD patients bearing an allele of polymorphism rs11200638 -625 G>A express mo ...
Evolutionary aspects of recombination in RNA viruses
... an efficient manner (Fisher, 1930 ; Muller, 1932), two processes which are not available to clonal organisms. Two distinct but not mutually exclusive types of genetic exchange operate in RNA viruses. The first, reassortment, occurs only in multipartite viruses and involves swapping one or more of th ...
... an efficient manner (Fisher, 1930 ; Muller, 1932), two processes which are not available to clonal organisms. Two distinct but not mutually exclusive types of genetic exchange operate in RNA viruses. The first, reassortment, occurs only in multipartite viruses and involves swapping one or more of th ...
Autosomal and X-chromosome imprinting
... mapped are located in the imprinting regions defined by the genetic experiments. It has therefore been concluded that imprinting may be much more widespread throughout the genome than indicated in the imprinting map of the mouse. Moreover, a variation in expression of transgenes in cells of differen ...
... mapped are located in the imprinting regions defined by the genetic experiments. It has therefore been concluded that imprinting may be much more widespread throughout the genome than indicated in the imprinting map of the mouse. Moreover, a variation in expression of transgenes in cells of differen ...
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)
... • Several family members have had colon cancer or polyps. • One of your relatives has had many polyps. • A relative has had colon cancer at a young age with polyps. FAP can have other effects on the body as well as causing polyps. Some people get skin cysts, some get harmless bumps on their bones ...
... • Several family members have had colon cancer or polyps. • One of your relatives has had many polyps. • A relative has had colon cancer at a young age with polyps. FAP can have other effects on the body as well as causing polyps. Some people get skin cysts, some get harmless bumps on their bones ...
Bis2A 16.2 Errors in Meiosis
... Several errors in sex chromosome number have been characterized. Individuals with three X chromosomes, called triplo-X, appear female but express developmental delays and reduced fertility. The XXY chromosome complement, corresponding to one type of Klinefelter syndrome, corresponds to male individu ...
... Several errors in sex chromosome number have been characterized. Individuals with three X chromosomes, called triplo-X, appear female but express developmental delays and reduced fertility. The XXY chromosome complement, corresponding to one type of Klinefelter syndrome, corresponds to male individu ...
GENETICS accepted
... the manufacturer’s instructions (Ambion/Applied Biosystems, Austin, TX) and annealed by incubating for 10 minutes at 70°C and slow cooling to room temperature. dsRNA was injected at a total RNA concentration of 20ng/µl into one day old adult worms which were transferred every 24 hours for 3 days to ...
... the manufacturer’s instructions (Ambion/Applied Biosystems, Austin, TX) and annealed by incubating for 10 minutes at 70°C and slow cooling to room temperature. dsRNA was injected at a total RNA concentration of 20ng/µl into one day old adult worms which were transferred every 24 hours for 3 days to ...
The evolution of sex chromosomes in organisms with separate
... Studies on the evolution of sex linkage in diploid dioecious organisms have shown that reduced recombination between a selected locus and the SDR is typically favored, as long as selection acts differently on alleles in males and females (Nei 1969; Charlesworth and Charlesworth 1980; Lenormand 2003; ...
... Studies on the evolution of sex linkage in diploid dioecious organisms have shown that reduced recombination between a selected locus and the SDR is typically favored, as long as selection acts differently on alleles in males and females (Nei 1969; Charlesworth and Charlesworth 1980; Lenormand 2003; ...
The Population Genetic Theory of Hidden Variation and
... As discussed in the appendix, this expression interpolates between the three approximations above. It also reproduces the well-known stochastic house of cards and the stochastic Gaussian approximations in the respective limits (i.e., if u → 0, respectively svN e Ⰶ 1 Ⰶ uN e). We therefore call Equati ...
... As discussed in the appendix, this expression interpolates between the three approximations above. It also reproduces the well-known stochastic house of cards and the stochastic Gaussian approximations in the respective limits (i.e., if u → 0, respectively svN e Ⰶ 1 Ⰶ uN e). We therefore call Equati ...
outline4003
... Characterized by stromal haze, and milky white opacities (glucosamineglycans) Progresses to corneal periphery by ages 20-30 By age 40, PK may be required Mutation localized to the 123 gene on chromosome 16 (16q22) Central Crystalline Dystrophy of Schnyder Characterized by central crystalline stromal ...
... Characterized by stromal haze, and milky white opacities (glucosamineglycans) Progresses to corneal periphery by ages 20-30 By age 40, PK may be required Mutation localized to the 123 gene on chromosome 16 (16q22) Central Crystalline Dystrophy of Schnyder Characterized by central crystalline stromal ...
Canadian journal of Microbiology
... cyanide, and siderophores, that may contribute to its biocontrol ability. In the gacS mutant background, generation of these products was markedly reduced or delayed with the exception of siderophores, which were elevated. Not surprisingly, this mutant was unable to protect canola from disease incit ...
... cyanide, and siderophores, that may contribute to its biocontrol ability. In the gacS mutant background, generation of these products was markedly reduced or delayed with the exception of siderophores, which were elevated. Not surprisingly, this mutant was unable to protect canola from disease incit ...
Chromatin Evolution and Molecular Drive in Speciation
... have been proposed for why nucleoporins are evolving so rapidly in Drosophila [78–80, 83], but here I will focus on the hypothesis most highly related to the molecular drive theory. The NPC forms channels that allow transport of macromolecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm (for a recent review s ...
... have been proposed for why nucleoporins are evolving so rapidly in Drosophila [78–80, 83], but here I will focus on the hypothesis most highly related to the molecular drive theory. The NPC forms channels that allow transport of macromolecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm (for a recent review s ...
"Hybrid Incompatibility in Drosophila: An Updated Genetic and
... evolved genes in two species are responsible of incompatibility of their hybrid, manifested by sterility and inviability. The heterogametic sex (XY males in Drosophila) is the most affected and the X chromosome has the largest effect on hybrid incompatibility (HI). These rules of speciation depend o ...
... evolved genes in two species are responsible of incompatibility of their hybrid, manifested by sterility and inviability. The heterogametic sex (XY males in Drosophila) is the most affected and the X chromosome has the largest effect on hybrid incompatibility (HI). These rules of speciation depend o ...
Abundant RNA editing sites of chloroplast protein
... The evolutionary pattern of RNA editing is another interesting topic. Some scholars believe that the RNA editing phenomenon is a relic of ancient RNA world and is involved in primordial error correction, such as repairing UV damage at the transcript level. Others argue that the editing system produc ...
... The evolutionary pattern of RNA editing is another interesting topic. Some scholars believe that the RNA editing phenomenon is a relic of ancient RNA world and is involved in primordial error correction, such as repairing UV damage at the transcript level. Others argue that the editing system produc ...
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor
... Toxins that exert their effects through PPARα may have reduced or no affect on knockout mice. The peroxisome proliferator and commercial plasticizer, di(2ethylhexyl)pthalate (DEHP) does not induce in knockout mice several of the toxic responses that it causes in wild-type mice, such as weight loss, ...
... Toxins that exert their effects through PPARα may have reduced or no affect on knockout mice. The peroxisome proliferator and commercial plasticizer, di(2ethylhexyl)pthalate (DEHP) does not induce in knockout mice several of the toxic responses that it causes in wild-type mice, such as weight loss, ...
transgenic canola - Australian Oilseeds Federation
... the signalling and regulation of defence responses in canola. This involves a collaboration with the Carnegie Institution of Washington and is using DNA microarrays to identify genes determining specific defence-signalling pathways. It is hoped that eventually these genes can be tested in transgenic ...
... the signalling and regulation of defence responses in canola. This involves a collaboration with the Carnegie Institution of Washington and is using DNA microarrays to identify genes determining specific defence-signalling pathways. It is hoped that eventually these genes can be tested in transgenic ...
bantam Encodes a Developmentally Regulated microRNA that
... Growth of tissues and organs during animal development involves careful coordination of the rates of cell proliferation and cell death (reviewed in Conlon and Raff, 1999). Cell proliferation depends on signals to stimulate cell growth and cell division. In addition, cells compete for intercellular s ...
... Growth of tissues and organs during animal development involves careful coordination of the rates of cell proliferation and cell death (reviewed in Conlon and Raff, 1999). Cell proliferation depends on signals to stimulate cell growth and cell division. In addition, cells compete for intercellular s ...
An assessment of chromosomal alterations detected by
... Summary The objective of this study was to assess and compare the chromosome abnormalities present in sporadic and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)–associated cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) and biliary dysplasias. Histologic sections from 22 patients with CCA (16 sporadic and 6 PSC associated), 5 of ...
... Summary The objective of this study was to assess and compare the chromosome abnormalities present in sporadic and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)–associated cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) and biliary dysplasias. Histologic sections from 22 patients with CCA (16 sporadic and 6 PSC associated), 5 of ...
Site-specific recombinase technology
Nearly every human gene has a counterpart in the mouse (regardless of the fact that a minor set of orthologues had to follow species specific selection routes). This made the mouse the major model for elucidating the ways in which our genetic material encodes information. In the late 1980s gene targeting in murine embryonic stem (ES-)cells enabled the transmission of mutations into the mouse germ line and emerged as a novel option to study the genetic basis of regulatory networks as they exist in the genome. Still, classical gene targeting proved to be limited in several ways as gene functions became irreversibly destroyed by the marker gene that had to be introduced for selecting recombinant ES cells. These early steps led to animals in which the mutation was present in all cells of the body from the beginning leading to complex phenotypes and/or early lethality. There was a clear need for methods to restrict these mutations to specific points in development and specific cell types. This dream became reality when groups in the USA were able to introduce bacteriophage and yeast-derived site-specific recombination (SSR-) systems into mammalian cells as well as into the mouse