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The Arabidopsis Protein SHI Represses
The Arabidopsis Protein SHI Represses

... which is synthesized in the aleurone cells during germination for breakdown and mobilization of the starch in the endosperm of the seed. This has led to a widespread use of the cereal aleurone as a model system for studying the GA action at the molecular and genetic level. A number of candidate comp ...
Methods of Human Heredity Study
Methods of Human Heredity Study

... enough to reveal them, but their number, size; distribution and arrangement are specific for a particular species at a particular stage of development. Chromocentres are heterochromatic regions of varying size, which occur near the centromere in proximal regions of chromosome arms. At mid-prophase, ...
Integrated mapping and characterization of the gene underlying the
Integrated mapping and characterization of the gene underlying the

... homeodomain leucine-zipper class I protein, whose closely related genes in several other plant species have been shown to be involved in regulating leaf morphology. The transcript levels of GhOKRA in shoot apices were positively correlated with the phenotypic expression of the okra leaf trait. Of th ...
Effect of the Polymorphisms of Keratin Associated Protein 8.2 Gene
Effect of the Polymorphisms of Keratin Associated Protein 8.2 Gene

... Effect of the Polymorphisms of Keratin Associated Protein 8.2 Gene on Fibre Traits in Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goats* Haiying Liu, Ning Li1, Cunling Jia2, Xiaoping Zhu and Zhihai Jia** College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, P. R. China ABSTRACT : The ...
Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy - Muscular Dystrophy Foundation of
Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy - Muscular Dystrophy Foundation of

oto`s role in head and trunk development
oto`s role in head and trunk development

... Arkin, 1999). We examined both moderately and severely affected embryos and found a consistent pattern of developmental defects as described in more detail below. Forebrain defects in oto mice To characterize the forebrain defects in more detail, we examined embryos from mid-gestation and earlier st ...
Phytopathology
Phytopathology

... is an emerging methodology useful for identification of DNA fragments and may be applicable for rapid identification and detection of plant pathogens associated with plants (20,21,26). An array of species-specific oligonucleotide probes representing the various pathogens of potato, built on a solid ...
Investigating the DNA-Binding Interactions of Small
Investigating the DNA-Binding Interactions of Small

... Table 7.1. Percent SiO2 depolymerization and characterization data given. ...
Sideroblastic Anemias  Disorder Subdivisions Idiopathic Sideroblastic Anemia
Sideroblastic Anemias Disorder Subdivisions Idiopathic Sideroblastic Anemia

... pedigree originally described by Cooley and analyzed their DNA using current techniques in molecular biology (Cotter et al, 1994). These now adults indeed had missense mutations involving the www.healthoracle.org ...
Fatty Acid Transport Protein 4 (FATP4) Prevents Light
Fatty Acid Transport Protein 4 (FATP4) Prevents Light

... Genetic Analyzer. Database search was performed in the internet server http://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST. Statistical analysis. Statistical significance was determined with an unpaired, two-tailed Student’s t test. P values ⬍0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Data are expressed a ...
Confrontation of scabrous expressing and non
Confrontation of scabrous expressing and non

... Neural development in the eye imaginal disc is thought to be similar to peripheral neurogenesis in other imaginal discs, and mutations in most of the neurogenic genes also result in neural hypertrophy in the eye (Dietrich and Campos-Ortega, 1984). Proneural genes and the extent of neurogenic regions ...
hemipterous Encodes a Novel Drosophila MAP
hemipterous Encodes a Novel Drosophila MAP

... part in theestablishment of germ layers and the overall body organization in metazoan development. The cellular and mechanistic aspects of concerted cell movements have been described in several organisms, and a number of studies suggest an important role for cell communication in morphogenesis (for ...
Genetic analysis of the floral initiation process (FLIP) in Arabidopsis
Genetic analysis of the floral initiation process (FLIP) in Arabidopsis

... cence to floral program requires the suppression of internode elongation, the suppression of lateral shoot development, the loss of indeterminate growth, and the initiation of floralspecific organ type and arrangement. Recent molecular and genetic analysis in both Arabidop sis and Antirrhinum majus ...
A gain of function mutation causing skeletal overgrowth in the
A gain of function mutation causing skeletal overgrowth in the

... The molecular mechanisms underpinning growth and the establishment of proper size and form are largely unknown. Vertebrate morphology is inextricably related to the growth and form of the supporting skeletal structures. Identifying mutations that result in defects in bone morphology might provide in ...
Beyond genetic discrimination. Problems and perspectives of a
Beyond genetic discrimination. Problems and perspectives of a

... made of the danger of a “biological underclass”.5 People who were disadvantaged, pathologised and stigmatised simply owing to their genetic structure. The fear of a “new form of social prejudice”6 led to numerous attempts to regulate the problem. Since the beginning of the 1990s a series of legislat ...
Full Text  - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology

... et al. (1993) and McCormick (1993). C, connective; CCC, circular cell cluster; E, epidermis; En, endothecium; PG, pollen grain; PS, pollen sac; St stomium; T, tapetum; Td tetrads; V, vascular bundle. See text for description of developmental events. Individual steps are illustrated with transmitted ...
Ophthalmic Genetics Update Genetics and Genomics of
Ophthalmic Genetics Update Genetics and Genomics of

... However, compared with the general population, the risk of developing PEX is about 2.5-fold only, because approximately 25% of the unaffected controls were also found to carry the high risk haplotype in the homozygous state. Following this discover y, multiple replication studies in populations from ...
the hemophilia gene, click here
the hemophilia gene, click here

... change or a mutation in a gene. The mutation causes the gene to not work properly. Like other genetic health problems, hemophilia can be passed from generation to generation. In about 3 out of 10 cases, however, a boy with hemophilia (or a girl who is a carrier of hemophilia) is born to a family tha ...
The pleiotropic structure of the genotype–phenotype
The pleiotropic structure of the genotype–phenotype

... Mutational pleiotropy tends to be smaller than gene plei‑ otropy (for examples, see REF. 25). nevertheless, one can argue that the pleiotropy of knockout genotypes gives an upper limit of mutational pleiotropy, as it is plausible that a complete loss of gene activity has more widespread effects than ...
Genetic Mapping of a Major Resistance Gene to Pea Aphid
Genetic Mapping of a Major Resistance Gene to Pea Aphid

... came from the discovery of the major dominant resistance gene Mi1.2, which confers resistance to three sap-sucking insects, being potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae), whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) biotypes B and Q and psyllids (Bactericerca cockerelli) as well as three species of root-knot nematodes ...
Product description P003-D1 MLH1-MSH2-v01 - MRC
Product description P003-D1 MLH1-MSH2-v01 - MRC

... Reference samples: Reference DNA samples should be derived from the same tissue type, handled using the same procedure, and prepared using the same DNA extraction method as the patient samples. Reference samples should be derived from unrelated individuals who are from families without a history of ...
genes - McGraw Hill Higher Education
genes - McGraw Hill Higher Education

... Hartwell et al., 4th edition, Chapter 13 ...
Warren, ST and Ashley, CT: Triplet repeat expansion mutations: The example of fragile X syndrome. Annual Review of Neuroscience 18:77-99 (1995).
Warren, ST and Ashley, CT: Triplet repeat expansion mutations: The example of fragile X syndrome. Annual Review of Neuroscience 18:77-99 (1995).

... might result from the inherent instability of this reiterated trinucleotide repeat, which would be reminiscent of other tandemly repeated sequences such as the highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeats (Weber 1990). Indeed, analysis of the eGG repeat of FMRl across normal populations revealed that it ...
Mesenchymal Dysplasia: A Recessive Mutation
Mesenchymal Dysplasia: A Recessive Mutation

... human conditions (Winter 1988). With the rapidly expanding mouse genetic map, the structural genes for many mutations causing such syndromes are now being identified. Thus, each new mouse mutation that causes congenital malformations provides the potential of identifying the gene affected in compara ...
Unraveling the Genetic Mysteries of the Corneal Dystrophies
Unraveling the Genetic Mysteries of the Corneal Dystrophies

... Three types have been described based upon the presence of antigenic keratan sulfate Vision more severely affected than in other stromal dystrophies Characterized by stromal haze, and milky white opacities (glucosamineglycans; descemet’s membrane and the endothelium can be involved –with gutatta) • ...
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Site-specific recombinase technology



Nearly every human gene has a counterpart in the mouse (regardless of the fact that a minor set of orthologues had to follow species specific selection routes). This made the mouse the major model for elucidating the ways in which our genetic material encodes information. In the late 1980s gene targeting in murine embryonic stem (ES-)cells enabled the transmission of mutations into the mouse germ line and emerged as a novel option to study the genetic basis of regulatory networks as they exist in the genome. Still, classical gene targeting proved to be limited in several ways as gene functions became irreversibly destroyed by the marker gene that had to be introduced for selecting recombinant ES cells. These early steps led to animals in which the mutation was present in all cells of the body from the beginning leading to complex phenotypes and/or early lethality. There was a clear need for methods to restrict these mutations to specific points in development and specific cell types. This dream became reality when groups in the USA were able to introduce bacteriophage and yeast-derived site-specific recombination (SSR-) systems into mammalian cells as well as into the mouse
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