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LIN-28 co-transcriptionally binds primary let
LIN-28 co-transcriptionally binds primary let

... First, they find that let-7 primary transcript expression is dynamic and accumulation of primary transcripts is uncoupled from pre- and mature let-7 in wild-type (WT) but not lin-28 mutant animals by northern blotting and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Then, the author indicated t ...
Protein Folding and Expression
Protein Folding and Expression

... Control Vector per reaction. At each of the indicated time points (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4.5, 6, and 8 h after start of the reaction), one reaction tube was removed and used for β-galactosidase activity assay with O-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) as the substrate. A separate set of reactions we ...
RNAi Rescue using Precision LentiORF
RNAi Rescue using Precision LentiORF

... (RNAi). However, it has been clearly established that in addition to target-specific effects, siRNAs may also induce a range of off-target effects, usually through seed-mediated complementarity within the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of mRNA transcripts (Figure 1)1-4. These off-target effects can ...
The Genetic Control of Apomixis: Asexual Seed Formation
The Genetic Control of Apomixis: Asexual Seed Formation

... in rice (Calderini et al. 2006). These commonalities of repetitive, heterochromatic regions associated with apomixis loci have led to suggestions that such a repetitive chromosomal structure may have a functional role in apomixis. For example, one hypothesis is that the repetitive sequences may act ...
Pierre MADL Div. of Material Sciences Dep
Pierre MADL Div. of Material Sciences Dep

... Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures and functions. The proteome is the entire complement of proteins, including the modifications made to a particular set of proteins, produced by an organism or system. This will vary with time and distinct requirements, or ...
Genetic code redundancy and its influence on the encoded
Genetic code redundancy and its influence on the encoded

... Abstract: The genetic code is said to be redundant in that the same amino acid residue can be encoded by multiple, so-called synonymous, codons. If all properties of synonymous codons were entirely equivalent, one would expect that they would be equally distributed along protein coding sequences. Ho ...
1. (a) (i) A gene controlling coat colour in cats is sex linked. The two
1. (a) (i) A gene controlling coat colour in cats is sex linked. The two

... in seahorses is known as disruptive selection. This is where the extreme phenotypes are more likely to survive and reproduce than the intermediate phenotypes. (b) ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... More broadly, Polytomella spp. could yield insights into why the carotenoid pathway (as well as an eyespot) is maintained in some heterotrophic algae and lost in others. Although the presence of a carotenoid biosynthetic pathway is considered quite rare among well-studied nonphotosynthetic species, ...
Transcript Isoform Differences Across Human Tissues Are
Transcript Isoform Differences Across Human Tissues Are

... isoforms can behave like completely distinct proteins when considering their proteinprotein interaction capabilities 15 . Recently, it has been reported that a large majority of alternatively spliced RNAs bind to ribosomes 16 , which suggests that most of them could be translated into proteins and t ...
SEX DETERMINATION AND SEX CHROMOSOMES
SEX DETERMINATION AND SEX CHROMOSOMES

... become females. The chromosomal basis for sex determination in mammals is rooted in the location of a particular gene on the Y chromosome. The presence of a gene on the Y chromosome called the Sry gene causes maleness. Another mechanism of sex determination that involves sex chromosomes is the X-0 s ...
The relationship between higher‑order chromatin structure and
The relationship between higher‑order chromatin structure and

... sediments more slowly than bulk chromatin or a non‑expressed gene, whereas it sediments with bulk chromatin in non‑expressing cells [8,9,11]. However, can the β‑globin locus, whose regulation is known to be very complex in mammalian cells, be used as a paradigm for the other ∼25 000 genes in the gen ...
Adrenomedullin Gene Expression Is Developmentally Regulated and
Adrenomedullin Gene Expression Is Developmentally Regulated and

SARS Outbreaks in Ontario, Hong Kong and Singapore
SARS Outbreaks in Ontario, Hong Kong and Singapore

K 2
K 2

... demonstrated that strain with capsule non K1/K2 isolates and only one in K2 such as (K1, K2) were virulent to serotypes, human. whereas serotypes without through using specific primer . capsule are less virulent or without Although this gene is high important virulent. for Klebsiella pneumonia which ...
Leveraging SADI Semantic Web Services to Exploit Fish Ecotoxicology Data
Leveraging SADI Semantic Web Services to Exploit Fish Ecotoxicology Data

... useful exercise as it gives a good idea of what data is available. ...
Lesson Overview
Lesson Overview

... Translocation occurs when part of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another. ...
Molecular Evolution, Functional Variation, and Proposed
Molecular Evolution, Functional Variation, and Proposed

Composite Beef Breeds - FSA3057 - University of Arkansas Division
Composite Beef Breeds - FSA3057 - University of Arkansas Division

... Heterosis retention basically revolves around the probability that two genes from any one breed involved in a composite will pair. In an F1 mating, example Hereford x Angus, no alike breed genes are paired. All genes are paired with another gene that is different, thus 100 percent heterozygosity exi ...
Evolution Of flowers And Inflorescences
Evolution Of flowers And Inflorescences

... The development of plants depends on the activity of their meristeffis, groups of dividing cells located at the growing points. These meristems can continue to add new structures to the plant throughout its life history, giving it the potential for indeterminate growth. They achieve this by generati ...
Flowering Newsletter bibliography for 2007
Flowering Newsletter bibliography for 2007

... a GIGANTEA ortholog with roles in photoperiodic flowering, de-etiolation, and transcriptional regulation of circadian clock gene homologs. Plant Physiology 144, 648–661. Hee KH, Loh CS, Yeoh HH. 2007. Early in vitro flowering and seed production in culture in Dendrobium Chao Praya Smile (Orchidaceae ...
View PDF - OMICS International
View PDF - OMICS International

... pattern of inactivation was moderately skewed (72.5:27.5) in both muscle cells and lymphocytes; in the latter, performed at the age of 12 years on lymphocytes only, it was extremely skewed (100:0). The differences in these results are likely related to the older age of the patient, as a positive cor ...
Further genetic evidence suggesting a role for the
Further genetic evidence suggesting a role for the

... Updated LD data presented by the Perlegen Genome Browser Version 2 [28] reveals that the polymorphisms within RHOA that we have identified as associated with BMD are part of 2 large LD blocks that span approximately 370 kb on chromosome 3 (Fig. 2). Although 12 genes have been identified within this re ...
Ch. 7: Presentation Slides
Ch. 7: Presentation Slides

... chromosome 21 is one of the acrocentrics in a Robertsonian translocation, the rearrangement leads to a familial type of Down syndrome • The heterozygous carrier is phenotypically normal, but a high risk of Down syndrome results from aberrant segregation in meiosis • Approximately 3 percent of childr ...
Regulation of Ovule Development
Regulation of Ovule Development

... locules are separated by a central septum. During gynoecium development, longitudinal medial ridges, several cells wide, protrude from opposite sides into the center of the cylinder formed by the elongation of the fused carpel primordia (Figure 2A) (Bowman et al., 1999). The ridges of cells fuse and ...
Mitochondrial Transcript Processing and Restoration of Male Fertility
Mitochondrial Transcript Processing and Restoration of Male Fertility

... was consistent with the expected function of an Rf1 allele (described below). However, this linkage analysis cannot rule out the possibility that this cloned sequence does not represent Rf1, even though it flanks a transposon and cosegregates with the rf1 locus. Hence it is essential to distinguish ...
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Gene expression profiling



In the field of molecular biology, gene expression profiling is the measurement of the activity (the expression) of thousands of genes at once, to create a global picture of cellular function. These profiles can, for example, distinguish between cells that are actively dividing, or show how the cells react to a particular treatment. Many experiments of this sort measure an entire genome simultaneously, that is, every gene present in a particular cell.DNA microarray technology measures the relative activity of previously identified target genes. Sequence based techniques, like serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE, SuperSAGE) are also used for gene expression profiling. SuperSAGE is especially accurate and can measure any active gene, not just a predefined set. The advent of next-generation sequencing has made sequence based expression analysis an increasingly popular, ""digital"" alternative to microarrays called RNA-Seq. However, microarrays are far more common, accounting for 17,000 PubMed articles by 2006.
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