![Lecture 2](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008100693_1-35f15771c3d6fb512aea8a286e380013-300x300.png)
Lecture 2
... Orange boxes are But: LiBr (H-S) > LiCl > LiI > LiF (H-H) soft in high oxidation states. ...
... Orange boxes are But: LiBr (H-S) > LiCl > LiI > LiF (H-H) soft in high oxidation states. ...
Ionic Bonding - Effingham County Schools
... about the charges on ions. •Ionic compounds are formed as a result of the formation of (+) and (-) ions. ...
... about the charges on ions. •Ionic compounds are formed as a result of the formation of (+) and (-) ions. ...
Stoichiometry - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... describing the composition, bonding, and structural formulas for aliphatic hydrocarbons: alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes (straight, branched, and cyclic, maximum two double or one triple bond) describing the bonding shapes around each of the carbon atoms involved in a single, double, or triple bon ...
... describing the composition, bonding, and structural formulas for aliphatic hydrocarbons: alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes (straight, branched, and cyclic, maximum two double or one triple bond) describing the bonding shapes around each of the carbon atoms involved in a single, double, or triple bon ...
Test 9 Review - Evan`s Chemistry Corner
... Entropy. Entropy is randomness or disorder. In nature, high entropy is favored, yet many things that occur naturally are quite organized. This is because nature also favors low potential energy or enthalpy. Entropy and enthalpy sometimes conflict with each other. In order to determine if a reaction ...
... Entropy. Entropy is randomness or disorder. In nature, high entropy is favored, yet many things that occur naturally are quite organized. This is because nature also favors low potential energy or enthalpy. Entropy and enthalpy sometimes conflict with each other. In order to determine if a reaction ...
The effect of confinement on chemical reactions
... The results in Fig. 4 show that there is a significant enhancement of the equilibrium yield for the confined fluid, as the mole fraction of the ester is more than doubled in the pore phase. This difference was shown [5] to be due to the selective adsorption of the ester, which has a more favorable f ...
... The results in Fig. 4 show that there is a significant enhancement of the equilibrium yield for the confined fluid, as the mole fraction of the ester is more than doubled in the pore phase. This difference was shown [5] to be due to the selective adsorption of the ester, which has a more favorable f ...
effective nuclear charge
... minimum energy needed to remove an electron from an atom gas state endothermic process valence electron easiest to remove M(g) + IE1 M1+(g) + 1 e M+1(g) + IE2 M2+(g) + 1 e ...
... minimum energy needed to remove an electron from an atom gas state endothermic process valence electron easiest to remove M(g) + IE1 M1+(g) + 1 e M+1(g) + IE2 M2+(g) + 1 e ...
CH 14-15 Chapter 14-15 review wkey
... 11. For the reaction system, N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) + heat the conditions that would favor maximum conversion of the reactants to products would be a) high temperature and high pressure b) high temperature, pressure unimportant c) high temperature and low pressure d) low temperature and high pressu ...
... 11. For the reaction system, N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) + heat the conditions that would favor maximum conversion of the reactants to products would be a) high temperature and high pressure b) high temperature, pressure unimportant c) high temperature and low pressure d) low temperature and high pressu ...
Molecular Formulas - Hatboro
... outside of the classroom. The ultimate objective, of course, is to prepare you to take the AP Chemistry test on May 4, 2015, and in order to accomplish this, topics are covered very quickly. For this reason, most students take AP Chemistry after they already completed a year of high school chemistry ...
... outside of the classroom. The ultimate objective, of course, is to prepare you to take the AP Chemistry test on May 4, 2015, and in order to accomplish this, topics are covered very quickly. For this reason, most students take AP Chemistry after they already completed a year of high school chemistry ...
Diffusion current - Prof Dr Hisham E Abdellatef
... Polarography can be used for determination of the concentration at certain potential and this called amperometry. Amperometric titration is the determination of the relationship between the volume of titrant and the corresponding current of substance at constant potential provided that both reactant ...
... Polarography can be used for determination of the concentration at certain potential and this called amperometry. Amperometric titration is the determination of the relationship between the volume of titrant and the corresponding current of substance at constant potential provided that both reactant ...
Worksheet Significant Figures
... graphs are used when the data is qualitative (descriptive, based on observations or categories of data). Line graphs are used when the data is quantitative (more precise, measured with tools). **VERY IMPORTANT** When designing an experiment, you should have only one independent and one dependent var ...
... graphs are used when the data is qualitative (descriptive, based on observations or categories of data). Line graphs are used when the data is quantitative (more precise, measured with tools). **VERY IMPORTANT** When designing an experiment, you should have only one independent and one dependent var ...
Question Paper - Revision Science
... 3 Which of the following mixtures would form the best buffer solution with pH 9 for use in a school laboratory? A Ethanoic acid and sodium ethanoate B Sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide C Hydrocyanic acid and sodium cyanide D Ammonium chloride and ammonia (Total for Question 3 = 1 mark) Use this s ...
... 3 Which of the following mixtures would form the best buffer solution with pH 9 for use in a school laboratory? A Ethanoic acid and sodium ethanoate B Sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide C Hydrocyanic acid and sodium cyanide D Ammonium chloride and ammonia (Total for Question 3 = 1 mark) Use this s ...
File
... 20. Element whose atoms lose electrons in chemical reactions to become positive ions. 21. Groups 3-12 on the periodic table. 22. Scientist who performed the gold foil experiment, and concluded that an atom must be composed of mostly empty space with a small, dense, positively-charged nucleus. 23. An ...
... 20. Element whose atoms lose electrons in chemical reactions to become positive ions. 21. Groups 3-12 on the periodic table. 22. Scientist who performed the gold foil experiment, and concluded that an atom must be composed of mostly empty space with a small, dense, positively-charged nucleus. 23. An ...
South Pasadena • AP Chemistry
... 5. What three things must be taken into account when determining if a reaction has enough energy to overcome the activation energy (Ea)? 6. What does a catalyst do to a reaction? Explain. Something that is added to a reaction to speed up the reaction – it lowers the activation energy (energy necessa ...
... 5. What three things must be taken into account when determining if a reaction has enough energy to overcome the activation energy (Ea)? 6. What does a catalyst do to a reaction? Explain. Something that is added to a reaction to speed up the reaction – it lowers the activation energy (energy necessa ...
intermediate chemistry may 2011 marking scheme
... because of the great difference in electronegativities of the two elements, a H-bond exists between the partial positive H and the lone pair on the partially negatively charged O. (3) This electrostatic interaction is much stronger than the van der Waals forces in methane. (2) In methane, the simila ...
... because of the great difference in electronegativities of the two elements, a H-bond exists between the partial positive H and the lone pair on the partially negatively charged O. (3) This electrostatic interaction is much stronger than the van der Waals forces in methane. (2) In methane, the simila ...
Chemistry Exam 2 Specifications and Sample Exam
... A. can act an oxidant but not a reductant. B. can act as a reductant but not an oxidant. C. can oxidise solid zinc and reduce liquid bromine. D. will always react to form Fe(s) in redox reactions. Question 12 5.0 g of ethanol undergoes complete combustion in a bomb calorimeter with a calibration fac ...
... A. can act an oxidant but not a reductant. B. can act as a reductant but not an oxidant. C. can oxidise solid zinc and reduce liquid bromine. D. will always react to form Fe(s) in redox reactions. Question 12 5.0 g of ethanol undergoes complete combustion in a bomb calorimeter with a calibration fac ...
Reactions and Stoichiometry Practice Problems
... A) burning coal B) converting water to hydrogen and oxygen C) baking a cake D) digesting a cheeseburger E) grinding coffee beans ...
... A) burning coal B) converting water to hydrogen and oxygen C) baking a cake D) digesting a cheeseburger E) grinding coffee beans ...
chapter 1 - Revsworld
... Which of the following statements is/are correct? I. When heat energy flows from a system to the surroundings, we know that the temperature of the system is greater than that of the surroundings. II. Given the thermochemical equation 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) ------> 4 NO(g) + 6H2O(g) H = -906 kJ, the therm ...
... Which of the following statements is/are correct? I. When heat energy flows from a system to the surroundings, we know that the temperature of the system is greater than that of the surroundings. II. Given the thermochemical equation 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) ------> 4 NO(g) + 6H2O(g) H = -906 kJ, the therm ...
silbchp4
... A, In forming the ionic compound MgO, each Mg atom transfers two electrons to each O atom. (Note that atoms become smaller when they lose electrons and larger when they gain electrons.) The resulting Mg 2+ and O2- ions aggregate with many others to form an ionic solid. B, In the reactants H2 and Cl2 ...
... A, In forming the ionic compound MgO, each Mg atom transfers two electrons to each O atom. (Note that atoms become smaller when they lose electrons and larger when they gain electrons.) The resulting Mg 2+ and O2- ions aggregate with many others to form an ionic solid. B, In the reactants H2 and Cl2 ...
homework-11th-chem
... 92 Express the change in internal energy of a system when(i) No heat is absorbed by the system from the surroundings, but work (w) is done on the system. What type of wall does the system have?(ii) No work is done on the system, but q amount of heat is taken out from the system and given to the sur ...
... 92 Express the change in internal energy of a system when(i) No heat is absorbed by the system from the surroundings, but work (w) is done on the system. What type of wall does the system have?(ii) No work is done on the system, but q amount of heat is taken out from the system and given to the sur ...
PDF - Cozen O`Connor
... ubiquitous. As a class, organics encompass substances ranging from plant and animal matter to fabrics and plastics. Almost all organics contain varying amounts of oxygen and nitrogen, in addition to other elements. In addition, most organic materials burn readily, producing water (H2O – which is, te ...
... ubiquitous. As a class, organics encompass substances ranging from plant and animal matter to fabrics and plastics. Almost all organics contain varying amounts of oxygen and nitrogen, in addition to other elements. In addition, most organic materials burn readily, producing water (H2O – which is, te ...
Chemical Equilibrium Review Ch 13-14 2015
... The amount of I2 in the reaction mixture can be determined from the intensity of the violet color of I2…the more intense the color, the more I2 in the reaction vessel. When 4.00mol HI was placed in a 5.00L vessel at 458°C, the equilibrium mixture was found to contain 0.442mol I2. What is the value o ...
... The amount of I2 in the reaction mixture can be determined from the intensity of the violet color of I2…the more intense the color, the more I2 in the reaction vessel. When 4.00mol HI was placed in a 5.00L vessel at 458°C, the equilibrium mixture was found to contain 0.442mol I2. What is the value o ...
Work Booklet - Brooks Composite High School
... 11. Never look into test tubes or containers from the top. Always look through the sides. 12. Never use cracked or broken glassware. Make sure you follow your teacher’s instructions when getting rid of broken glass. 13. Label any container you put chemicals in. 14. Report all accidents and spills im ...
... 11. Never look into test tubes or containers from the top. Always look through the sides. 12. Never use cracked or broken glassware. Make sure you follow your teacher’s instructions when getting rid of broken glass. 13. Label any container you put chemicals in. 14. Report all accidents and spills im ...
Introduction to Computational Chemistry
... classical and quantum mechanics are now implemented in a form which can handle the many-body problems associated with the structure and behavior of complex molecular systems." John A. Pople (November 1997) (Nobel prize for chemistry 1998, together with Walter Kohn ) ...
... classical and quantum mechanics are now implemented in a form which can handle the many-body problems associated with the structure and behavior of complex molecular systems." John A. Pople (November 1997) (Nobel prize for chemistry 1998, together with Walter Kohn ) ...
Unit F335/01
... (c) At 500 K, the equilibrium constant for equation 1.1 is 7.76 × 10–3. In an equilibrium mixture at 500 K, the concentrations of hydrogen and carbon dioxide are: [H2] = 1.00 × 10–5 mol dm–3 [CO2] = 3.46 × 10–5 mol dm–3 Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of H2O and CO at 500 K. Assume the H2O ...
... (c) At 500 K, the equilibrium constant for equation 1.1 is 7.76 × 10–3. In an equilibrium mixture at 500 K, the concentrations of hydrogen and carbon dioxide are: [H2] = 1.00 × 10–5 mol dm–3 [CO2] = 3.46 × 10–5 mol dm–3 Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of H2O and CO at 500 K. Assume the H2O ...
Redox
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/NaF.gif?width=300)
Redox reactions include all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation state changed; in general, redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species. The term ""redox"" comes from two concepts involved with electron transfer: reduction and oxidation. It can be explained in simple terms: Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion. Reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion.Although oxidation reactions are commonly associated with the formation of oxides from oxygen molecules, these are only specific examples of a more general concept of reactions involving electron transfer.Redox reactions, or oxidation-reduction reactions, have a number of similarities to acid–base reactions. Like acid–base reactions, redox reactions are a matched set, that is, there cannot be an oxidation reaction without a reduction reaction happening simultaneously. The oxidation alone and the reduction alone are each called a half-reaction, because two half-reactions always occur together to form a whole reaction. When writing half-reactions, the gained or lost electrons are typically included explicitly in order that the half-reaction be balanced with respect to electric charge.Though sufficient for many purposes, these descriptions are not precisely correct. Oxidation and reduction properly refer to a change in oxidation state — the actual transfer of electrons may never occur. The oxidation state of an atom is the fictitious charge that an atom would have if all bonds between atoms of different elements were 100% ionic. Thus, oxidation is better defined as an increase in oxidation state, and reduction as a decrease in oxidation state. In practice, the transfer of electrons will always cause a change in oxidation state, but there are many reactions that are classed as ""redox"" even though no electron transfer occurs (such as those involving covalent bonds).There are simple redox processes, such as the oxidation of carbon to yield carbon dioxide (CO2) or the reduction of carbon by hydrogen to yield methane (CH4), and more complex processes such as the oxidation of glucose (C6H12O6) in the human body through a series of complex electron transfer processes.