Measuring and Calculating
... atoms are held together by the sharing of a pair of electrons, which involves an overlap of the electron clouds and thus forms a strong bond and forms individual molecules. Occurs between nonmetal atoms. Nonpolar covalent bond – very low electronegativity difference, results in a nearly equal sh ...
... atoms are held together by the sharing of a pair of electrons, which involves an overlap of the electron clouds and thus forms a strong bond and forms individual molecules. Occurs between nonmetal atoms. Nonpolar covalent bond – very low electronegativity difference, results in a nearly equal sh ...
Chemistry Notes
... 3rd The repulsion between the positive nuclei of the2 atoms. There are two main types of bonds which hold compounds together. There are COVALENT and IONIC/ELECTROVALENT compounds. Covalent compounds happen when the electrons are shared by the atoms. Ionic compounds happen when electrons are donated ...
... 3rd The repulsion between the positive nuclei of the2 atoms. There are two main types of bonds which hold compounds together. There are COVALENT and IONIC/ELECTROVALENT compounds. Covalent compounds happen when the electrons are shared by the atoms. Ionic compounds happen when electrons are donated ...
COUNTING ATOMS
... represents the number of each atom present. • Example: • H2 + O2 H20 • N2 + H2 NH3 ...
... represents the number of each atom present. • Example: • H2 + O2 H20 • N2 + H2 NH3 ...
Student Exploration Sheet: Growing Plants
... 1. Balance: Turn on Show histograms. The equation is balanced when there are equal numbers of each type of atom represented on each side of the equation. In the Gizmo, use the up and down arrows to adjust the numbers of hydrogen, oxygen, and water molecules until the equation is balanced. When you a ...
... 1. Balance: Turn on Show histograms. The equation is balanced when there are equal numbers of each type of atom represented on each side of the equation. In the Gizmo, use the up and down arrows to adjust the numbers of hydrogen, oxygen, and water molecules until the equation is balanced. When you a ...
1 - gcisd
... 27. Equal volumes of 1 molar hydrochloric acid (HCl) and 1 molar sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are mixed. After mixing, the solution will be approximately what pH? 28. What is the process of determining the concentration of an unknown solution by using a known solution? 29. Identify the following reaction ...
... 27. Equal volumes of 1 molar hydrochloric acid (HCl) and 1 molar sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are mixed. After mixing, the solution will be approximately what pH? 28. What is the process of determining the concentration of an unknown solution by using a known solution? 29. Identify the following reaction ...
Balancing Chemical Equations
... CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O Notice that there are 4 hydrogen atoms in the reactants and only 2 in the products. Notice that there are only 2 oxygen atoms in the reactants and 3 in the products ...
... CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O Notice that there are 4 hydrogen atoms in the reactants and only 2 in the products. Notice that there are only 2 oxygen atoms in the reactants and 3 in the products ...
+ H 2 (g)
... 2. H atoms are already balanced. 3. Balance the O atoms using only coefficients. 2H2O(l) H2(g) + O2(g) ...
... 2. H atoms are already balanced. 3. Balance the O atoms using only coefficients. 2H2O(l) H2(g) + O2(g) ...
PS.Ch6.Test.95 - cloudfront.net
... 21. Consider the thermal energy transfer during a chemical process. When heat is transferred to the system, the process is said to be _______ and the sign of H is ________. a) exothermic, positive b) endothermic, negative c) exothermic, negative ...
... 21. Consider the thermal energy transfer during a chemical process. When heat is transferred to the system, the process is said to be _______ and the sign of H is ________. a) exothermic, positive b) endothermic, negative c) exothermic, negative ...
Conservation of Mass Lab
... during a chemical reaction. This means that all chemical reactions must be balanced—the number of atoms, moles, and ultimately the total mass must be conserved during a chemical process. Here are the rules to follow when balancing equations: ...
... during a chemical reaction. This means that all chemical reactions must be balanced—the number of atoms, moles, and ultimately the total mass must be conserved during a chemical process. Here are the rules to follow when balancing equations: ...
Unit 7: Chemical Equations & Reactions
... • Balance polyatomic ions as a unit (if possible). • Re-write H2O as H-OH if hydroxide is present 3. Balance the remaining atoms • End with the least-complex substance • Leave single elements/diatomic molecules until last 4. Double check - Make sure that the atoms of each element are the same on bot ...
... • Balance polyatomic ions as a unit (if possible). • Re-write H2O as H-OH if hydroxide is present 3. Balance the remaining atoms • End with the least-complex substance • Leave single elements/diatomic molecules until last 4. Double check - Make sure that the atoms of each element are the same on bot ...
Fundamentals of Chemistry
... • The number of electrons in the valence shell determines the relative activity of an element. • The arrangement of electrons in the outer shell explains why some elements are chemically very active, some are not very active, and others are inert. • Group I has 1 valence electron, which makes it eas ...
... • The number of electrons in the valence shell determines the relative activity of an element. • The arrangement of electrons in the outer shell explains why some elements are chemically very active, some are not very active, and others are inert. • Group I has 1 valence electron, which makes it eas ...
Practice Multiple Choice Questions for the Chemistry Final Exam
... 81. Pressure and volume changes at a constant temperature can be calculated using a) Boyle's law. b) Charles's law. c) Kelvin’s law. d) Dalton's law. 83. The volume of a gas is 5.0 L when the temperature is 5.0 C. If the temperature is increased to 10.0 C without changing the pressure, what is the ...
... 81. Pressure and volume changes at a constant temperature can be calculated using a) Boyle's law. b) Charles's law. c) Kelvin’s law. d) Dalton's law. 83. The volume of a gas is 5.0 L when the temperature is 5.0 C. If the temperature is increased to 10.0 C without changing the pressure, what is the ...
10 IB Chemistry Assessment Statements 2009 Revised
... Equations may be balanced using the symbol [O] to represent oxygen supplied by the oxidizing agent. Include the different conditions needed to obtain good yields of different products, that is, an aldehyde by distilling off the product as it is formed, and a carboxylic acid by heating under reflux. ...
... Equations may be balanced using the symbol [O] to represent oxygen supplied by the oxidizing agent. Include the different conditions needed to obtain good yields of different products, that is, an aldehyde by distilling off the product as it is formed, and a carboxylic acid by heating under reflux. ...
Major 1 Term 101 - KFUPM Faculty List
... This is formation of 1 mol phosphoric acid (l) from the elements in their most stable forms 17. When the following reaction is balanced, the sum of all coefficients is C8H18(l) + O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(l) A) 26 B) 43 C) 25 D) 61 E) 52 ...
... This is formation of 1 mol phosphoric acid (l) from the elements in their most stable forms 17. When the following reaction is balanced, the sum of all coefficients is C8H18(l) + O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(l) A) 26 B) 43 C) 25 D) 61 E) 52 ...
Ch17-2 Driving Forces of Reactions
... Increase in entropy + S …..more crazy random (favored) delta ...
... Increase in entropy + S …..more crazy random (favored) delta ...
File
... solution were used D) All three titrations have the same amount of error E) Precision will improve if more titrations are done 23. In the Lewis structure of an SF4 molecule, how many unshared pairs of electrons are there around the S atom? A) none B) one pair C) two pairs D) three pairs E) four pair ...
... solution were used D) All three titrations have the same amount of error E) Precision will improve if more titrations are done 23. In the Lewis structure of an SF4 molecule, how many unshared pairs of electrons are there around the S atom? A) none B) one pair C) two pairs D) three pairs E) four pair ...
Chemistry Notes
... Separate the water in salt water from the salts Boil off the water and salts will remain Separate a mixture of gases Cool them – they will condense at different temperatures ...
... Separate the water in salt water from the salts Boil off the water and salts will remain Separate a mixture of gases Cool them – they will condense at different temperatures ...
Power point types of chemical rxn
... 1. Elements that form ionic compounds: Magnesium metal reacts with oxygen gas to form magnesium oxide. • 2Mg + O2 2MgO 2. Elements that form covalent compounds: Nitrogen gas and oxygen gas join to form dinitrogen monoxide. • 2N2 + O2 2N2O SYNTHESIS REACTION (iron + sulphur): http://www.youtube.c ...
... 1. Elements that form ionic compounds: Magnesium metal reacts with oxygen gas to form magnesium oxide. • 2Mg + O2 2MgO 2. Elements that form covalent compounds: Nitrogen gas and oxygen gas join to form dinitrogen monoxide. • 2N2 + O2 2N2O SYNTHESIS REACTION (iron + sulphur): http://www.youtube.c ...
Practice with Chemical Equilibrium (Chapter 14) (Due 2/17)
... 6. An upset tummy has a pH of 1.5 and a volume of 0.50 L. If the person takes a 1000 mg table of Vitamin C (98% ascorbic acid, C6H8O6, Ka = 8.0 x 10-5) and the tummy equilibrates, what will the pHtummy be? How many Vitamin C tables would be required to adjust pHtummy to 1.25? Assume that the origina ...
... 6. An upset tummy has a pH of 1.5 and a volume of 0.50 L. If the person takes a 1000 mg table of Vitamin C (98% ascorbic acid, C6H8O6, Ka = 8.0 x 10-5) and the tummy equilibrates, what will the pHtummy be? How many Vitamin C tables would be required to adjust pHtummy to 1.25? Assume that the origina ...
Redox
Redox reactions include all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation state changed; in general, redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species. The term ""redox"" comes from two concepts involved with electron transfer: reduction and oxidation. It can be explained in simple terms: Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion. Reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion.Although oxidation reactions are commonly associated with the formation of oxides from oxygen molecules, these are only specific examples of a more general concept of reactions involving electron transfer.Redox reactions, or oxidation-reduction reactions, have a number of similarities to acid–base reactions. Like acid–base reactions, redox reactions are a matched set, that is, there cannot be an oxidation reaction without a reduction reaction happening simultaneously. The oxidation alone and the reduction alone are each called a half-reaction, because two half-reactions always occur together to form a whole reaction. When writing half-reactions, the gained or lost electrons are typically included explicitly in order that the half-reaction be balanced with respect to electric charge.Though sufficient for many purposes, these descriptions are not precisely correct. Oxidation and reduction properly refer to a change in oxidation state — the actual transfer of electrons may never occur. The oxidation state of an atom is the fictitious charge that an atom would have if all bonds between atoms of different elements were 100% ionic. Thus, oxidation is better defined as an increase in oxidation state, and reduction as a decrease in oxidation state. In practice, the transfer of electrons will always cause a change in oxidation state, but there are many reactions that are classed as ""redox"" even though no electron transfer occurs (such as those involving covalent bonds).There are simple redox processes, such as the oxidation of carbon to yield carbon dioxide (CO2) or the reduction of carbon by hydrogen to yield methane (CH4), and more complex processes such as the oxidation of glucose (C6H12O6) in the human body through a series of complex electron transfer processes.