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Isotopes - Cloudfront.net
... What was happening to the air particles inside as you tried to add pressure? Why was it so hard to lift the plunger out of the syringe? Why did the marshmallow respond as it did to the changes in pressure? Why can’t you compress water? ...
... What was happening to the air particles inside as you tried to add pressure? Why was it so hard to lift the plunger out of the syringe? Why did the marshmallow respond as it did to the changes in pressure? Why can’t you compress water? ...
Types of Chemical Reactions
... these chemicals are highly corrosive and in addition to being toxic, they will burn your skin and muscle tissue. Ouch! • If any of the chemicals get on your skin/eyes you MUST wash exposed area for 15 minutes in eye wash/shower. ...
... these chemicals are highly corrosive and in addition to being toxic, they will burn your skin and muscle tissue. Ouch! • If any of the chemicals get on your skin/eyes you MUST wash exposed area for 15 minutes in eye wash/shower. ...
Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations
... of C, 32 g of O2, and 44 g of CO2 each represent one mole of the substance, so the relationship of the chemical reaction is obeyed. e. Correct. The coefficients in balanced equations can represent amounts in moles. f. Incorrect. The amount of O2 present is not enough to react completely with one mol ...
... of C, 32 g of O2, and 44 g of CO2 each represent one mole of the substance, so the relationship of the chemical reaction is obeyed. e. Correct. The coefficients in balanced equations can represent amounts in moles. f. Incorrect. The amount of O2 present is not enough to react completely with one mol ...
FINAL EXAM Spring 2012
... [H2O(g)] = 0.12 M, and [CO(g)] = [H2(g)] = 1.2 M. If suddenly these concentrations are increased by 0.50 M, which of the following is true? A) More H2O(g) will be formed. B) The value of Kc is decreased. C) The value of Kc is increased. D) More H2(g) will be formed. E) Since Kc does not change, noth ...
... [H2O(g)] = 0.12 M, and [CO(g)] = [H2(g)] = 1.2 M. If suddenly these concentrations are increased by 0.50 M, which of the following is true? A) More H2O(g) will be formed. B) The value of Kc is decreased. C) The value of Kc is increased. D) More H2(g) will be formed. E) Since Kc does not change, noth ...
practice problems of chap4_5 - Chemistry
... (d) 2Al(s) + 3Ca(NO3)2(aq) 2Al((NO3)3(aq) + 3Ca(s) Hint: Activity table, Fig. 4.6, p. 139. Any metal will be oxidized by the metal ion b elow it in the activity series. 7. Which of the following is not the redox reaction? (a) 2HCl Cl2 + H2 ...
... (d) 2Al(s) + 3Ca(NO3)2(aq) 2Al((NO3)3(aq) + 3Ca(s) Hint: Activity table, Fig. 4.6, p. 139. Any metal will be oxidized by the metal ion b elow it in the activity series. 7. Which of the following is not the redox reaction? (a) 2HCl Cl2 + H2 ...
ap chemistry chapter 8 bonding
... –ions containing the same number of electrons O2-, F-, Na+, Mg2+, Al3+ all have the Ne configuration. They are isoelectronic. *** For an isoelectronic series, size decreases as Z increases. ...
... –ions containing the same number of electrons O2-, F-, Na+, Mg2+, Al3+ all have the Ne configuration. They are isoelectronic. *** For an isoelectronic series, size decreases as Z increases. ...
Part I - American Chemical Society
... Part I of this test is designed to be taken with a Scantron® answer sheet on which the student records his or her responses. Only this Scantron sheet is graded for a score on Part I. Testing materials, scratch paper, and the Scantron sheet should be made available to the student only during the exam ...
... Part I of this test is designed to be taken with a Scantron® answer sheet on which the student records his or her responses. Only this Scantron sheet is graded for a score on Part I. Testing materials, scratch paper, and the Scantron sheet should be made available to the student only during the exam ...
chapter
... • Many energy conversions involve oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions in which an electron (and its energy) is transferred from one substance to another • oxidation • Chemical process in which an atom, ion, or molecule loses one or more electrons • reduction • Chemical process in which an atom, io ...
... • Many energy conversions involve oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions in which an electron (and its energy) is transferred from one substance to another • oxidation • Chemical process in which an atom, ion, or molecule loses one or more electrons • reduction • Chemical process in which an atom, io ...
this PDF file
... plotting of the standard free energy changes and the equilibrium constant for reactions using the general computer program. Iron powders can be prepared in production by reduction of iron oxide powders in H2 atmosphere. Taking the reduction of iron oxide powders in H2 atmosphere as an example, the p ...
... plotting of the standard free energy changes and the equilibrium constant for reactions using the general computer program. Iron powders can be prepared in production by reduction of iron oxide powders in H2 atmosphere. Taking the reduction of iron oxide powders in H2 atmosphere as an example, the p ...
AGE article for Sept 2013
... able to use your rules to write half equations for acidified MnO4– ions being reduced to Mn2+, and acidified Cr2O72– ions being reduced to Cr3+. Either of these may well be relevant when considering the oxidation of an alkanol to an alkanoic acid. The half equations for a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell a ...
... able to use your rules to write half equations for acidified MnO4– ions being reduced to Mn2+, and acidified Cr2O72– ions being reduced to Cr3+. Either of these may well be relevant when considering the oxidation of an alkanol to an alkanoic acid. The half equations for a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell a ...
KEY_Reaction Types WS
... form an ammonium salt (but no water). These are proton transfer reactions in which H+ (the proton) is transferred from the acid to the base. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: These are reactions in which one type of atom increases in oxidation number (is oxidized) and another type of atom decreases in ...
... form an ammonium salt (but no water). These are proton transfer reactions in which H+ (the proton) is transferred from the acid to the base. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: These are reactions in which one type of atom increases in oxidation number (is oxidized) and another type of atom decreases in ...
ch04_sec3_as - LCMR School District
... Bellringer In an atom, an energy level is an area around the nucleus where electrons are located. Each energy level may contain only a certain number of electrons. The electrons in an atom’s outer energy level are called valence electrons, which determine the chemical properties of an atom. The diag ...
... Bellringer In an atom, an energy level is an area around the nucleus where electrons are located. Each energy level may contain only a certain number of electrons. The electrons in an atom’s outer energy level are called valence electrons, which determine the chemical properties of an atom. The diag ...
Section 3: Modern Atomic Theory Atoms Section 3
... Bellringer In an atom, an energy level is an area around the nucleus where electrons are located. Each energy level may contain only a certain number of electrons. The electrons in an atom’s outer energy level are called valence electrons, which determine the chemical properties of an atom. The diag ...
... Bellringer In an atom, an energy level is an area around the nucleus where electrons are located. Each energy level may contain only a certain number of electrons. The electrons in an atom’s outer energy level are called valence electrons, which determine the chemical properties of an atom. The diag ...
FirstSemesterReviewHonors
... Chapter 1 1. A characteristic of a scientific theory is that it can never ____. 2. When can a hypothesis become a theory? 3. What are the three states of matter? Define each state of matter and explain what happens to the particles that exist in each state. 4. Explain the differences between chemica ...
... Chapter 1 1. A characteristic of a scientific theory is that it can never ____. 2. When can a hypothesis become a theory? 3. What are the three states of matter? Define each state of matter and explain what happens to the particles that exist in each state. 4. Explain the differences between chemica ...
1 H NT Ch 12—Stoichiometry I. Review: Chemical Equations a
... ii. Predict and balance the reaction of solid aluminum with hydrochloric acid. What mass of hydrogen can be produced if you start with 6.000 mol of aluminum? ...
... ii. Predict and balance the reaction of solid aluminum with hydrochloric acid. What mass of hydrogen can be produced if you start with 6.000 mol of aluminum? ...
Chem I Review Part 1
... A. MnO B. Mn2O C. Mn2O2 D. MnO2 E. none of these 37. The total number of electrons present in a sulfate ion is A. 2. B. 26. C. 32. D. 48. E. 50. 38. Which of these elements is chemically similar to magnesium? A. sulfur B. calcium C. iron D. nickel E. potassium 39. An atom of bromine has a mass about ...
... A. MnO B. Mn2O C. Mn2O2 D. MnO2 E. none of these 37. The total number of electrons present in a sulfate ion is A. 2. B. 26. C. 32. D. 48. E. 50. 38. Which of these elements is chemically similar to magnesium? A. sulfur B. calcium C. iron D. nickel E. potassium 39. An atom of bromine has a mass about ...
notes and handout
... Let's do an example: CO2 Note: Each of the numbers below correspond to the same numbered step above. 1) The number of valence electrons is 16. (Carbon has four electrons, and each of the oxygens have six, for a total of 4 + 12 = 16 electrons). 2) The number of octet electrons is equal to 24. (Carb ...
... Let's do an example: CO2 Note: Each of the numbers below correspond to the same numbered step above. 1) The number of valence electrons is 16. (Carbon has four electrons, and each of the oxygens have six, for a total of 4 + 12 = 16 electrons). 2) The number of octet electrons is equal to 24. (Carb ...
Section 4.9 Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
... • Say you are asked how much CO2 is produced from the combustion of 15.0 moles of octane? • 2 C8H18 (l) + 25 O2 (g) → 16 CO2 (g) + 18 H2O (g) 16 mol CO 2 15.0 mol C 8H18 x 1.20 x 10 2 mol CO 2 2 mol C 8H18 ...
... • Say you are asked how much CO2 is produced from the combustion of 15.0 moles of octane? • 2 C8H18 (l) + 25 O2 (g) → 16 CO2 (g) + 18 H2O (g) 16 mol CO 2 15.0 mol C 8H18 x 1.20 x 10 2 mol CO 2 2 mol C 8H18 ...
File
... 89. The ability to conduct electricity in the solid state is a characteristic of metallic bonding. This characteristic is best explained by the presence of A) high ionization energies B) high electronegativities C) mobile electrons D) mobile protons 90. Which formula represents a nonpolar molecule c ...
... 89. The ability to conduct electricity in the solid state is a characteristic of metallic bonding. This characteristic is best explained by the presence of A) high ionization energies B) high electronegativities C) mobile electrons D) mobile protons 90. Which formula represents a nonpolar molecule c ...
Redox
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/NaF.gif?width=300)
Redox reactions include all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation state changed; in general, redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species. The term ""redox"" comes from two concepts involved with electron transfer: reduction and oxidation. It can be explained in simple terms: Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion. Reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion.Although oxidation reactions are commonly associated with the formation of oxides from oxygen molecules, these are only specific examples of a more general concept of reactions involving electron transfer.Redox reactions, or oxidation-reduction reactions, have a number of similarities to acid–base reactions. Like acid–base reactions, redox reactions are a matched set, that is, there cannot be an oxidation reaction without a reduction reaction happening simultaneously. The oxidation alone and the reduction alone are each called a half-reaction, because two half-reactions always occur together to form a whole reaction. When writing half-reactions, the gained or lost electrons are typically included explicitly in order that the half-reaction be balanced with respect to electric charge.Though sufficient for many purposes, these descriptions are not precisely correct. Oxidation and reduction properly refer to a change in oxidation state — the actual transfer of electrons may never occur. The oxidation state of an atom is the fictitious charge that an atom would have if all bonds between atoms of different elements were 100% ionic. Thus, oxidation is better defined as an increase in oxidation state, and reduction as a decrease in oxidation state. In practice, the transfer of electrons will always cause a change in oxidation state, but there are many reactions that are classed as ""redox"" even though no electron transfer occurs (such as those involving covalent bonds).There are simple redox processes, such as the oxidation of carbon to yield carbon dioxide (CO2) or the reduction of carbon by hydrogen to yield methane (CH4), and more complex processes such as the oxidation of glucose (C6H12O6) in the human body through a series of complex electron transfer processes.