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Give reasons for the following: (i) Bond enthalpy of F2
Give reasons for the following: (i) Bond enthalpy of F2

... Helium mixed with oxygen under pressure is given to sea-divers for respiration. Air is not given to sea-divers because nitrogen present in air being soluble in blood will give a painful sensation called bends by bubbling out blood on moving from high pressure(in deep sea) to the atmospheric pressure ...
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... 2. Identify by number the main-group of the periodic table (1A-8A) to which the described element (X) belongs, in each of the following cases. (8%) (Various sections) a. X commonly forms the ion X2¯. b. X reacts with water according to the equation X(s) + 2H2O(l)  X(OH)2(aq) + H2(g) c. X exists as ...
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File - Kheriaty Chemistry

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Types of Chemical Reactions

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Chemical Equations and Reactions

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Problem Set: Empirical and Molecular Formulas

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classification of chemical reactions

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CHEMICAL REACTIONS
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... ________ 16. Which binary compound decomposes to form K  I2? a. KI2 c. K2I b. KI d. none of the above ________ 17. In order for the reaction Cu(s)  2AgNO3(aq) y Cu(NO3)2(aq)  2Ag(s) to occur, which of the following must be true? a. Cu must be above Ag in the activity series. b. Ag must be above C ...
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Ch. 6: Chemical Reactions Study Guide

... In a chemical reaction atoms are rearranged. A change of color is a sign that a chemical reaction is taking place. The changes that are visible during a chemical reaction are signs that the atoms in the reactants have been rearranged. A substance is said to be reduced when it gains electrons. A sign ...
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Bioorthogonal chemistry



The term bioorthogonal chemistry refers to any chemical reaction that can occur inside of living systems without interfering with native biochemical processes. The term was coined by Carolyn R. Bertozzi in 2003. Since its introduction, the concept of the bioorthogonal reaction has enabled the study of biomolecules such as glycans, proteins, and lipids in real time in living systems without cellular toxicity. A number of chemical ligation strategies have been developed that fulfill the requirements of bioorthogonality, including the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between azides and cyclooctynes (also termed copper-free click chemistry), between nitrones and cyclooctynes, oxime/hydrazone formation from aldehydes and ketones, the tetrazine ligation, the isocyanide-based click reaction, and most recently, the quadricyclane ligation.The use of bioorthogonal chemistry typically proceeds in two steps. First, a cellular substrate is modified with a bioorthogonal functional group (chemical reporter) and introduced to the cell; substrates include metabolites, enzyme inhibitors, etc. The chemical reporter must not alter the structure of the substrate dramatically to avoid affecting its bioactivity. Secondly, a probe containing the complementary functional group is introduced to react and label the substrate.Although effective bioorthogonal reactions such as copper-free click chemistry have been developed, development of new reactions continues to generate orthogonal methods for labeling to allow multiple methods of labeling to be used in the same biosystems.
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