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e - UNT Physics
e - UNT Physics

... motion of the planets? a. Planets slow down, stop, and then reverse their orbital direction around the Earth. *b. Inner planets orbit the Sun faster and pass outer planets as they orbit around the Sun. c. Each planet moves on an epicycle, that in turn moves on a deferent that circles around Earth. d ...
on his death bed. Retrograde Motion The heliocentric
on his death bed. Retrograde Motion The heliocentric

... The heliocentric idea was able to explain observations of the planets. The idea of retrograde motion could be explained without the use of epicycles. Copernicus' idea of uniform circular motion did have its problems. There were observed variations in the movement of the planets. ...
Solar System Bead Distance Activity
Solar System Bead Distance Activity

... planets as revolving around the Sun, but rarely consider how far each planet is from the Sun. Furthermore, we fail to appreciate the even greater distances to the other stars. Astronomers use the distance from the Sun to the Earth as one “astronomical unit”. This unit provides an easy way to calcula ...
document
document

... The moon can come between us and the sun. The planets (in order of speed) – Mercury, only seen near sunrise and sunset – Venus, also a morning or evening star – Mars, Jupiter and Saturn travel the enitre zodiac ...
Study Guide for 1ST Astronomy Exam
Study Guide for 1ST Astronomy Exam

... o The role of epicycles in the Ptolemaic model of planetary motion.  Where is a planet on its epicycle when it goes retrograde? Why does it go retrograde only when it is on that part of its epicycle? o The role of equants in the Ptolemaic model of planetary motion.  How was the equant used to expl ...
The Lives of Stars
The Lives of Stars

... • White dwarfs are only about the size of Earth, but they have about as much mass as the sun. • Since a white dwarf has the same mass as the sun but only one millionth the volume, it is one million times as dense as the sun. A spoonful of material from a white dwarf has as much mass as a large truc ...
Part5Unit2TheoryofSolarSystem
Part5Unit2TheoryofSolarSystem

... planetesimals could survive the high-energy collisions from meteorites (lower mass planetesimals) These traveled at 30,000 to 75, 000 km/h ...
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Clues to the Origin of the Solar System

... The protostar is likely to be surrounded by a remnant of the cloud from which it formed. -- ultimately creating the comet-shaped clouds of glowing gas ...
The Origin of Our Solar System Part 1 Survey of the solar system
The Origin of Our Solar System Part 1 Survey of the solar system

... • Vredefort , Free State, South Africa, 300km diameter, 2023 millions of years old • Sudbury Ontario, Canada, 250 km diameter, 1849 million years old • Chicxulub, Yucatán, Mexico, 180 km diameter, 65 million years old • Kara, Nenetsia, Russia 120 km, 70.3 million years old. • Manicouagan, Quebec, Ca ...
chart_set_2 - Physics and Astronomy
chart_set_2 - Physics and Astronomy

... in “epicycles” that orbit the Earth. This helped to explain retrograde motion for a long time, until astronomical observations became more precise. The Ptolemaic Model. ...
Solar System Distance Model - www .alexandria .k12 .mn .us
Solar System Distance Model - www .alexandria .k12 .mn .us

... Background info: Instead of the actual mileage to each planet, scientists came up another way of expressing distances in the solar system, the astronomical unit. One A.U. is the distance that Earth is from the Sun (93 million miles). Other distances are fractions or multiples of Earth’s distance. Ge ...
The Small Objects. The Sun.
The Small Objects. The Sun.

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... and differentiation.  These are called regular moons.  They revolve around their planets in the same direction that they rotate.  Almost all are tidally locked, meaning one hemisphere always faces the planet the moon is orbiting. ...
Star Life Cycle Web Quiz
Star Life Cycle Web Quiz

... _____ ...
Parallels: Proto-Planetary Disks and rings
Parallels: Proto-Planetary Disks and rings

GEARS Workshop Monday - Georgia Southern University
GEARS Workshop Monday - Georgia Southern University

... • Complete this exercise in groups of 2 to 3. • This is designed to be completed while you are discussing with other people. • This is not designed to be completed on your own. (despite the fact we keep assigning them as homework) ...
Friends of the Planetarium Newsletter September
Friends of the Planetarium Newsletter September

... The sophisticated piano-sized spacecraft, which launched in January 2006, reached Neptune's orbit, nearly 4.4 billion kilometers from Earth, in a record eight years and eight months. New Horizons' milestone matched precisely the 25th anniversary of the historic encounter of NASA's Voyager 2 spacecra ...
Issue #87 of Lunar and Planetary Information Bulletin
Issue #87 of Lunar and Planetary Information Bulletin

... been proposed on how this migration would occur for such a large fraction of the systems. It is yet another problem that must be overcome in order to definitively tag these objects as planets.) It makes sense that most of the companions discovered so far have been short-period, giant objects, since ...
Model of the Solar System
Model of the Solar System

... 6. Make your scale model of the planet from the paper at the front of the room. Then place it into its correct position and distance in the model at the front of the room. Column #1 ...
pdf file with complementary illustrations / animations
pdf file with complementary illustrations / animations

... For the last 20 years the giant planets known as hot Jupiters have presented astronomers with a puzzle. How did they settle into orbits 100 times closer to their host stars than our own Jupiter is to the Sun? An international team of astronomers has announced this week1 the discovery of a newborn ho ...
File - We All Love Science
File - We All Love Science

... orbit inclined 44° – Because of these, and its own orbit and size, the International Astronomical Union defined Pluto and other like bodies as dwarf planets – Plutoids: dwarf planets that orbit our Sun ...
m15a02
m15a02

... distant from the Sun, Uranus is much colder and lacking a strong internal energy source. Though it has high speed winds its atmosphere is generally featureless. Traces of methane give it its blue-green tint. Uranus’ unique feature is its 98° tilt to its orbit plane. That its ring system and most of ...
chapter12AsterioidsC..
chapter12AsterioidsC..

... Pluto and “Planet X” • Pluto’s size was overestimated after its discovery in 1930 • It was considered a planet, and nothing of similar size was discovered for several decades • Now other large objects have been discovered in Kuiper Belt, including “Planet X” • Some scientists consider all of those ...
Outer or Jovian Planets - Academic Computer Center
Outer or Jovian Planets - Academic Computer Center

... • The spin axis of Uranus is tilted so that it lies nearly in its orbital ...
t2 images part 2
t2 images part 2

... Cooling of the gas allows condensation of molecules Temperature gradient in the disk  Warmer near sun: silicate rich (rocky) inner planets  Cooler away from sun: volatile rich (gaseous) outer planets ...
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Definition of planet



The definition of planet, since the word was coined by the ancient Greeks, has included within its scope a wide range of celestial bodies. Greek astronomers employed the term asteres planetai (ἀστέρες πλανῆται), ""wandering stars"", for star-like objects which apparently moved over the sky. Over the millennia, the term has included a variety of different objects, from the Sun and the Moon to satellites and asteroids.By the end of the 19th century the word planet, though it had yet to be defined, had become a working term applied only to a small set of objects in the Solar System. After 1992, however, astronomers began to discover many additional objects beyond the orbit of Neptune, as well as hundreds of objects orbiting other stars. These discoveries not only increased the number of potential planets, but also expanded their variety and peculiarity. Some were nearly large enough to be stars, while others were smaller than Earth's moon. These discoveries challenged long-perceived notions of what a planet could be.The issue of a clear definition for planet came to a head in 2005 with the discovery of the trans-Neptunian object Eris, a body more massive than the smallest then-accepted planet, Pluto. In its 2006 response, the International Astronomical Union (IAU), recognised by astronomers as the world body responsible for resolving issues of nomenclature, released its decision on the matter. This definition, which applies only to the Solar System, states that a planet is a body that orbits the Sun, is massive enough for its own gravity to make it round, and has ""cleared its neighbourhood"" of smaller objects around its orbit. Under this new definition, Pluto and the other trans-Neptunian objects do not qualify as planets. The IAU's decision has not resolved all controversies, and while many scientists have accepted the definition, some in the astronomical community have rejected it outright.
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