• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Technician - Drug Store News CE
Technician - Drug Store News CE

... and pertussis (i.e., Tdap) vaccine is used for adults and children older than 7 years old. After the initial childhood vaccination, the Tdap vaccine should be given to adolescents near the age of 11 years old or 12 years old, and a tetanus and diphtheria (i.e., Td) booster should be given every 10 y ...
Immunization Update 2016
Immunization Update 2016

...  Injection site reactions have been reported at higher rates for IIV-HD, though most cases were mild and resolved within several days  A 2015 study showed IIV-HD results in fewer serious complications ...
(H1N1) Viruses, 2008-09 Influenza Season
(H1N1) Viruses, 2008-09 Influenza Season

... Although influenza activity is low in the United States to date, preliminary data from a limited number of states indicate that the prevalence of influenza A (H1N1) virus strains resistant to the antiviral medication oseltamivir is high. Therefore, CDC is issuing interim recommendations for antivira ...
Appendix 4: Planning Assumptions
Appendix 4: Planning Assumptions

...  Provide to local or state health department information on ED visits, admissions, and deaths as requested Updated information on the types of data that should be reported to the health departments and plans for how these data will be collected during a pandemic will be provided by the LincolnLanca ...
understanding influenza
understanding influenza

... The “flu season” is in the winter, usually from November to March. There have been several theories as to why influenza infections happen in the winter. It may be that people spend more time indoors and in close proximity to each other in the winter. The increased time spent indoors during the winte ...
Why flu vaccination is important for health care workers (HCWs)
Why flu vaccination is important for health care workers (HCWs)

... Flu is a highly infectious illness. A person carrying the virus can spread the illness by coughing or sneezing from 1-2 days before they develop symptoms and for up to a week after symptoms develop. Influenza can survive on worktops/objects especially in low temperatures and in low humidity. Less of ...
Swine Influenza A/H1N1
Swine Influenza A/H1N1

... hand disinfectant. Thus, contact spread is likely to be important unless controlled by careful and frequent hand washing and environmental cleaning. Pandemic influenza initially occurs in waves lasting 6-8 weeks in any one location. The planning for health care need is based on an attack rate of 25% ...
Guidelines for Pharmacological Management of Pandemic (H1N1)
Guidelines for Pharmacological Management of Pandemic (H1N1)

... guidelines, the description developed through the WHO Consultation on Clinical Aspects of  Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza4 as listed in Part I, Annex 1.  ...
novel influenza 2009 (h1n1) - National Certification Corporation
novel influenza 2009 (h1n1) - National Certification Corporation

... hospitalization (four-fold) and higher mortality rates. Jamieson and colleagues revealed that by October 1, 2009, there were 28 deaths from H1N1 among pregnant women, representing 13% of all H1N1 deaths. The women were reported to be fairly healthy prior to contracting influenza. Complications usual ...
Antiviral agents active against influenza A viruses
Antiviral agents active against influenza A viruses

... of drug-resistant viruses, and, particularly for amantadine, the occurrence of central nervous system (CNS) side effects.These drawbacks compromise the potential usefulness of amantadine or rimantadine if used as single agents in the treatment of avian or human influenza A virus infections. In parti ...
WHO consultation on priority public health interventions
WHO consultation on priority public health interventions

... viruses of known human pathogenicity should be oriented towards early detection, reporting, and investigation of clusters of human cases, followed by aggressive containment measures, including tracing and management of contacts, targeted prophylactic use of antivirals, and travel-related measures. P ...
II. Infection Control Measures
II. Infection Control Measures

... signed declination statement. The MDPH Adult Vaccine Documentation Record can be found at http://www.mass.gov/dph/cdc/epii/imm/imm_records/adultvac_rec.htm. ...
AOHP Flu Vaccination Position Statement Final_2011
AOHP Flu Vaccination Position Statement Final_2011

... similarity between the viruses in the vaccine and those in circulation. In years when the vaccine strains are not well matched to circulating strains, vaccine effectiveness is generally lower. The vaccine may also be lower among persons with chronic medical conditions and among the elderly, as compa ...
Influenza Key points_ACIP recs_HCP and pregnancy
Influenza Key points_ACIP recs_HCP and pregnancy

... vaccinated, people around him/her will be better protected against influenza (89.1% among those vaccinated compared to 44.6% among those not vaccinated), and believing that getting vaccinated is worth the time and expense (94.7% among those vaccinated compared to 45.8% among those not vaccinated). ...
CONSISE Household Transmission Protocol September 2013
CONSISE Household Transmission Protocol September 2013

... In this cohort study, index cases are identified by surveillance of ill individuals for recent infection with a novel influenza virus, followed by collection of clinical, virological and serological data from their household members (and potentially other close contacts). This cohort study is theref ...
An Overview of Antiviral Drug Resistance Data presented at
An Overview of Antiviral Drug Resistance Data presented at

... Inhibitor Susceptibility Network (NISN) was one of a very few independent groups conducting antiviral resistance surveillance and testing as well as related studies in the influenza field [1,2,3]. However, prompted by more recent events, including: human infection associated with the epizootic of hi ...
Template LTC Pandemic Plan MHCA updated 082406
Template LTC Pandemic Plan MHCA updated 082406

... Pandemic influenza communication strategies are a critical and necessary component of pandemic influenza preparedness. The facility incident commander has the responsibility for official communications with public health authorities during a pandemic and for communications with staff, residents, and ...
alert, enhanced surveillance and management of avian influenza in
alert, enhanced surveillance and management of avian influenza in

... On December 15, 2003, South Korea confirmed a highly contagious type of AI in a chicken farm near Seoul and began a mass culling of poultry when the virus rapidly spread across the country. In late December, 2003 and early January 2004, Taiwan, Viet Nam and Japan reported AI and destroyed their infe ...
General Information - H1N1 flu virus
General Information - H1N1 flu virus

... stone and decisions have to be made on a case by case basis by the physician involved. Q3. Why wasn't Tamiflu originally recommended for children under 1? There were some safety concerns identified previously from the use of Tamiflu in animal studies. At that time, there was no data available to see ...
primary care clinic - National Medical Research Council
primary care clinic - National Medical Research Council

... 11. Intent. There are approximately 1,400 private primary care clinics in Singapore and in normal times they manage 82% of outpatient caseload while Polyclinics manage 18%. The overall intent is to maintain normalcy as much as possible and to limit movement of the sick to reduce the likelihood of sp ...
Influenza A(H1N1) (Swine Flu): A Global Outbreak
Influenza A(H1N1) (Swine Flu): A Global Outbreak

... (84%) reported that their symptoms were stable or improving, three (7%) reported worsening symptoms (two of whom later reported improvement), and four (9%) reported complete resolution of symptoms Only one reported having been hospitalized for syncope and released after overnight ...
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza and beyond: FAO's response Towards One World, One Health
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza and beyond: FAO's response Towards One World, One Health

... production in numerous countries throughout the world. The deaths of several hundred people caused by this disease showed that it is also highly pathogenic in humans. The virus can acquire new characteristics of infectiousness for humans and could cause a pandemic. Controlling the H5N1 virus in live ...
Massachusetts Department of Public Health
Massachusetts Department of Public Health

... Note: See Table 3 for approved inactivated influenza vaccines for different age groups. 4. Administer influenza vaccine simultaneously with all other vaccines indicated. 5. If possible, observe patient for an allergic reaction for 15 - 20 minutes after administering vaccine. 6. Facilities and person ...
Good Home Treatment of Influenza
Good Home Treatment of Influenza

... There is nothing unusual about this; influenza pandemics are a regularly occurring event with one happening on average 3 times each century. Humankind is well prepared to suffer these pandemics and bounce back as we have many times in the past. Pandemic influenza is so infectious; it is quite natura ...
Influenza 2010-2011: Lessons from the 2009 pandemic
Influenza 2010-2011: Lessons from the 2009 pandemic

... is comparable to that for seasonal influenza and is higher in more crowded settings.4,19 Seroprevalence studies suggest that there was significant geographic variability in the proportion of the population affected during the first and second waves of the pandemic.4,20,21 Risk factors for complica ...
< 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 >

Human mortality from H5N1

Human mortality from H5N1 or the human fatality ratio from H5N1 or the case-fatality rate of H5N1 refer to the ratio of the number of confirmed human deaths resulting from confirmed cases of transmission and infection of H5N1 to the number of those confirmed cases. For example, if there are 100 confirmed cases of humans infected with H5N1 and 10 die, then there is a 10% human fatality ratio (or mortality rate). H5N1 flu is a concern due to the global spread of H5N1 that constitutes a pandemic threat. The majority of H5N1 flu cases have been reported in southeast and east Asia. The case-fatality rate is central to pandemic planning. While estimates of case-fatality (CF) rates for past influenza pandemics have ranged from about 0.1% (1957 and 1968 pandemics) to 2.5% (1918 pandemic); the official World Health Organization estimate for the current outbreak of H5N1 avian influenza to date is around 60%. While the real H5N1 CF rate (what it would be if we had perfect knowledge) could be lower (one study suggests that the real H5N1 CF rate is closer to 14–33%); it is unlikely that, if it becomes a pandemic, it will go to the 0.1–0.4% level currently embraced by many pandemic plans.H5N1 infections in humans are generally caused by bird to human transmission of the virus. Until May 2006, the WHO estimate of the number of human to human transmission had been ""two or three cases"". On May 24, 2006, Dr. Julie L. Gerberding, director of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, estimated that there had been ""at least three."" On May 30, Maria Cheng, a WHO spokeswoman, said there were ""probably about half a dozen,"" but that no one ""has got a solid number."" The cases of suspected human to human transmission that continue to be found have been isolated and contained, and include transmission among members of a family in Sumatra, Indonesia in June 2006 as well as earlier and later instances arising in other countries. However, no pandemic strain of H5N1 has yet been found. The key point is that, at present, ""the virus is not spreading efficiently or sustainably among humans.""H5N1 vaccines for chickens exist and are sometimes used, although there are many difficulties that make it especially difficult to decide whether vaccination will do more harm than good. In the U.S. H5N1 pre-pandemic vaccines exist in quantities sufficient to inoculate a few million people and might be useful for priming to ""boost the immune response to a different H5N1 vaccine tailor-made years later to thwart an emerging pandemic"". Japan has inoculated 6,000 health care workers with a pre-pandemic vaccine, and is planning how to proceed with widespread vaccinations, particularly workers who would provide utilities during an outbreak. Switzerland is also considering preemptive vaccination to protect the general public. H5N1 pandemic vaccines and the technologies to rapidly create them are in the H5N1 clinical trials stage but cannot be verified as useful until after a pandemic strain emerges. Efforts to identify the changes that might result in a human-communicable strain have resulted in laboratory-generated H5N1 with substantially greater affinity for human cellular receptors after a change of just two of the H5 surface proteins. Significantly, mouse antibodies were 10 times less potent against the mutants than against the pre-mutated viruses.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report