comp_proj_report1
... binary point for a particular signal in the DSP does not vary with time (or signal level). ...
... binary point for a particular signal in the DSP does not vary with time (or signal level). ...
Ee316_4
... refers to the inaccuracy due to all sources of error maximum deviation of actual output from ideal (design) output, consisting of, Zero (Offset) error Gain error Linearity errors Hysteresis errors ( usually small and due to comparators) Most easily expressed in fractions of 1 LSB som ...
... refers to the inaccuracy due to all sources of error maximum deviation of actual output from ideal (design) output, consisting of, Zero (Offset) error Gain error Linearity errors Hysteresis errors ( usually small and due to comparators) Most easily expressed in fractions of 1 LSB som ...
Analog to Digital Conversions
... • We’d need to digitize the number of degrees we rotated a telescope. The maximum number of degrees is 360°. Then suppose our A/D converters was limited to 5 volts input maximum and 8-bits…that would be ~1.4 degrees/bit. • But if we limited our rotation to 180° that would be ~.7 degrees per bit. Use ...
... • We’d need to digitize the number of degrees we rotated a telescope. The maximum number of degrees is 360°. Then suppose our A/D converters was limited to 5 volts input maximum and 8-bits…that would be ~1.4 degrees/bit. • But if we limited our rotation to 180° that would be ~.7 degrees per bit. Use ...
A-156 System A - 100 1. Introduction QNT
... some steps appear twice in the graph above. The same is valid for all other grids too. In the "Chord" position only voltages corresponding to the chord type selected with switch 1 (major or minor) are passed to the control voltage output (see fig. 4 a+b). ...
... some steps appear twice in the graph above. The same is valid for all other grids too. In the "Chord" position only voltages corresponding to the chord type selected with switch 1 (major or minor) are passed to the control voltage output (see fig. 4 a+b). ...
Companding in Fixed Point DSPs
... take full advantage of the available bits. • When the signals in the DSP are small, only a few of the available bits are used. • The roundoff error is essentially independent of the signal level, so the distortion due to roundoff is much worse for small signals ...
... take full advantage of the available bits. • When the signals in the DSP are small, only a few of the available bits are used. • The roundoff error is essentially independent of the signal level, so the distortion due to roundoff is much worse for small signals ...
1 - Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
... – Those filters typically have a cut-off frequency just above ½ their maximum sampling rate. • Which is great if you are using the maximum sampling rate, less useful if you are sampling at a slower rate. ...
... – Those filters typically have a cut-off frequency just above ½ their maximum sampling rate. • Which is great if you are using the maximum sampling rate, less useful if you are sampling at a slower rate. ...
m4.4 Signal Processing Circuits: (a) Design a two
... (a) Design a two-stage signal processor to serve as a “distortion box” for an electric guitar. The first-stage amplifier applies a variable gain magnitude in the range 13.3 to 23.3 while the second-stage amplifier attenuates the signal by 13.3, i.e., the second-stage amplifier has a fixed gain of 1/ ...
... (a) Design a two-stage signal processor to serve as a “distortion box” for an electric guitar. The first-stage amplifier applies a variable gain magnitude in the range 13.3 to 23.3 while the second-stage amplifier attenuates the signal by 13.3, i.e., the second-stage amplifier has a fixed gain of 1/ ...
Chapter 4 (Part 2) - Digital Transmission
... □ Converted to discrete-time continuous-amplitude signal (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) □ Pulses are quantized and assigned a digital value. □ A 7-bit sample allows 128 quantizing levels. □ PCM uses non-linear encoding, i.e., amplitude spacing of levels is nonlinear □ There is a greater number of quan ...
... □ Converted to discrete-time continuous-amplitude signal (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) □ Pulses are quantized and assigned a digital value. □ A 7-bit sample allows 128 quantizing levels. □ PCM uses non-linear encoding, i.e., amplitude spacing of levels is nonlinear □ There is a greater number of quan ...
Quantization and Quantization Noise
... ♦ In the case of uniform quantization levels, the quantization noise power depends only on the spacing between the levels, and is independent of the actual signal level at any instant. ♦ The SNR decreases with a decrease in the input power level relative to the maximum range of the quantizer, which ...
... ♦ In the case of uniform quantization levels, the quantization noise power depends only on the spacing between the levels, and is independent of the actual signal level at any instant. ♦ The SNR decreases with a decrease in the input power level relative to the maximum range of the quantizer, which ...
Experiment PCM PDF
... and then convert to digital signal. In fact, the process of quantization can be achieved at one time by A/D converter. However, we should pay attention on the quantization levels. For example if the bits for PCM modulation is 3, then the quantization levels is 2^3 =8, which is 8 steps. If the bits f ...
... and then convert to digital signal. In fact, the process of quantization can be achieved at one time by A/D converter. However, we should pay attention on the quantization levels. For example if the bits for PCM modulation is 3, then the quantization levels is 2^3 =8, which is 8 steps. If the bits f ...
Q - VU Tube
... Null modem is a technique or technology it is not a physical device. We apply this technique whenever there is a direct connection between two DTE’s. In this technique we cross the sending and receiving pins in order to stop any data collision. Just as EIA 232 DTE-DCE cable does. The solution is a N ...
... Null modem is a technique or technology it is not a physical device. We apply this technique whenever there is a direct connection between two DTE’s. In this technique we cross the sending and receiving pins in order to stop any data collision. Just as EIA 232 DTE-DCE cable does. The solution is a N ...
lecture1 - Docjava.com
... • Suppose the continuous signal is v(t) • Let the Fourier coefficients be denoted: a0 ,a1,b1, a2 ,b2 v(t) a0 (a1 cost b1 sin t) (a2 cos2t b2 sin 2t) ...
... • Suppose the continuous signal is v(t) • Let the Fourier coefficients be denoted: a0 ,a1,b1, a2 ,b2 v(t) a0 (a1 cost b1 sin t) (a2 cos2t b2 sin 2t) ...
Circuit design (cont.)
... Higher order single-loop architecture with one-bit quantization or a MASH architecture could have been used instead. One-bit＝lower input no-overload range. Less aggressive quantization noise shaping＝higher order. N order＝requiring N+1 opamps. (Power consumption) Analog and digital in the pre ...
... Higher order single-loop architecture with one-bit quantization or a MASH architecture could have been used instead. One-bit＝lower input no-overload range. Less aggressive quantization noise shaping＝higher order. N order＝requiring N+1 opamps. (Power consumption) Analog and digital in the pre ...
digital transmission basic concepts unit 1
... electrical pulses in order to transmit the code representations of each quantized level over a communication channel. Such a representation is shown in fig. 5.101. Pulse time slots are indicated at the top of the figure and as shown in fig. 5.10-1a. The binary digit 1 is represented by a pulse ...
... electrical pulses in order to transmit the code representations of each quantized level over a communication channel. Such a representation is shown in fig. 5.101. Pulse time slots are indicated at the top of the figure and as shown in fig. 5.10-1a. The binary digit 1 is represented by a pulse ...
Chapter 2: Digitization of Sound
... the small signal to jump around, which causes the converter to switch rapidly between levels rather than being forced to choose between two fixed values Quantization error is thus decorelated from the signal and is perceived as wideband noise rather than audible distortion ...
... the small signal to jump around, which causes the converter to switch rapidly between levels rather than being forced to choose between two fixed values Quantization error is thus decorelated from the signal and is perceived as wideband noise rather than audible distortion ...
2: Audio Basics
... from bad quantization noise (only a few levels used). If full range is used for quiet parts, loud parts will clip, resulting in really bad noise. CD uses 16-bit linear encoding (65536 levels). Pretty good match to dynamic range of human ear. ...
... from bad quantization noise (only a few levels used). If full range is used for quiet parts, loud parts will clip, resulting in really bad noise. CD uses 16-bit linear encoding (65536 levels). Pretty good match to dynamic range of human ear. ...
Document
... A. The input data is transformed to a new representation that is easier or more efficient to compress. B. We may introduce loss of information. Quantization is the main lossy step ⇒ we use a limited number of reconstruction levels, fewer than in the original signal. C. Coding. Assign a codeword (thu ...
... A. The input data is transformed to a new representation that is easier or more efficient to compress. B. We may introduce loss of information. Quantization is the main lossy step ⇒ we use a limited number of reconstruction levels, fewer than in the original signal. C. Coding. Assign a codeword (thu ...
Slide 1
... Choosing the horizontal granularity • Resolution – Number of discrete values that represent a range of analog values – MSP430: 12-bit ADC • 4096 values • Range / 4096 = Step ...
... Choosing the horizontal granularity • Resolution – Number of discrete values that represent a range of analog values – MSP430: 12-bit ADC • 4096 values • Range / 4096 = Step ...
Digital Representation of Audio Information
... Sometimes performing compression (nonlinear / logarithmic transfer characteristic to prevent hard ...
... Sometimes performing compression (nonlinear / logarithmic transfer characteristic to prevent hard ...
Lecture 3
... • Assume that the limits of Vmax and Vmin are not known such as in an audio system. • Measure the audio signal strength with a meter that indicates the root-mean-square (rms) voltage value. • The rms voltage value of a signal produces the same power as a battery with a constant voltage of the same v ...
... • Assume that the limits of Vmax and Vmin are not known such as in an audio system. • Measure the audio signal strength with a meter that indicates the root-mean-square (rms) voltage value. • The rms voltage value of a signal produces the same power as a battery with a constant voltage of the same v ...
Ch.6 Fixed-Point vs. Floating Point
... • The frequency response of the implemented system is also affected by the quantization of coefficients in the difference equation. • Finally, coefficient quantization can also lead to limit cycles in IIR filters—this means that in the absence of an input, the response of stable system to a unit imp ...
... • The frequency response of the implemented system is also affected by the quantization of coefficients in the difference equation. • Finally, coefficient quantization can also lead to limit cycles in IIR filters—this means that in the absence of an input, the response of stable system to a unit imp ...
Quantization (signal processing)
Quantization, in mathematics and digital signal processing, is the process of mapping a large set of input values to a (countable) smaller set. Rounding and truncation are typical examples of quantization processes. Quantization is involved to some degree in nearly all digital signal processing, as the process of representing a signal in digital form ordinarily involves rounding. Quantization also forms the core of essentially all lossy compression algorithms. The difference between an input value and its quantized value (such as round-off error) is referred to as quantization error. A device or algorithmic function that performs quantization is called a quantizer. An analog-to-digital converter is an example of a quantizer.