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Measuring and Modeling Execution Cost and Risk
Measuring and Modeling Execution Cost and Risk

... Robert Engle is the Michael Armelino professor of Finance in the Stern School of Business at New York University in New York City [email protected] Robert Ferstenberg is a consultant residing in Concord, Massachusetts ...
World Financial Markets, 1900-1925
World Financial Markets, 1900-1925

... continued growing during the 1920s as European and Latin American bonds were floated in New York for the first time. London also grew quickly during the war due to the issue of domestic war bonds. However, part of the big increase in listings in 1916 and 1917 is due to two factors. First, I switch t ...
Longshots, Overconfidence and Efficiency on the Iowa Electronic Market
Longshots, Overconfidence and Efficiency on the Iowa Electronic Market

... with no uncertainty about their value at that time and the market repeats itself under essentially identical conditions monthly. Finally, the structure of the market and the contracts traded imply that the price of a particular contract at any point in time should equal the market consensus probabi ...
Liquidation in the Face of Adversity: Stealth Versus Sunshine Trading
Liquidation in the Face of Adversity: Stealth Versus Sunshine Trading

... A variety of circumstances such as a margin call or a stop-loss strategy in combination with a large price drop can force a market participant to liquidate a large asset position urgently. Such a swift liquidation may result in a significant impact on the asset price. Hence, intuitively it seems to ...
Anatomy of a Bond Futures Contract Delivery Squeeze
Anatomy of a Bond Futures Contract Delivery Squeeze

... acknowledged, there has been no investigation of strategic trading behavior of market manipulators during delivery squeezes.7 Our joint examination of price distortions and inventory positions of market participants is based on a rich dataset consisting of the cash and futures trades reported by in ...
Final notice: JPMorgan Chase Bank NA
Final notice: JPMorgan Chase Bank NA

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... come together and trade at a common price, the price at which supply equals demand. Securities exchanges are often singled out as excellent examples of markets that operate this way. In fact, however, trading on exchanges takes place over time, and some institutional arrangements are necessary to he ...
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... • The primary markets also provide a forum for the sale of additional stock called seasoned equity issues, by already public companies • Before offering the securities to the public for sale, the issuer must register them with and obtain approval from the securities and exchange commission (SEC). Th ...
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Insider Trading and CEO Pay - Chicago Unbound

... with limits on when they can be sold. 12 Insiders may need to sell shares to fund consumption, especially if a large share of their wealth is tied to firm stock. There is some evidence that consumption-driven sales often arise on short notice, meaning trading restrictions can be quite costly. 13 Ins ...
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Price Impact and the Recovery of the Limit Order Book

... for liquidity takers and providers. Liquidity takers are able to plan their order splitting strategies better by considering the evolution of the entire immediate price impact function instead of the evolution of the future prices (market impacts of the trade). Liquidity providers can track on the t ...
Best-Fit Estimation Of Damaged Volume in Shareholder Class
Best-Fit Estimation Of Damaged Volume in Shareholder Class

... and the size and structure of settlements are all influenced by defendants’ perceptions of their exposure and plaintiffs’ perceptions of their potential gain, both of which turn on aggregate damages. Damage per share and number of damaged shares—also known as damaged volume— together determine this ...
The Information Content of Options Trading
The Information Content of Options Trading

... Our theoretical framework adopts the equilibrium model of Easley et al. (1998) which allows the participation of informed traders in the options market to be decided endogenously within an equilibrium framework. The Easley et al. model determines that, in equilibrium, informed traders will use optio ...
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... market. Westerhoff [16] also explores the impact of inventory restrictions in a setup with an implied market-maker. The market-maker price adjustment reactions differ depending on the current inventory position along with current excess demands. The market-maker is assumed to make greater price adju ...
Catching falling knives: speculating on market overreaction
Catching falling knives: speculating on market overreaction

... is more likely to be driven by uninformed sales, but when this is actually not the case they make a loss. The model is deliberately abstract so as to apply to different types of agents. Supplyinformed traders can be seen as liquidity-taking high-frequency traders who use data on the order flow and b ...
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Introduction_to_Volatility

... underlying prices are lognormal distributed. For more information, see Price and Return's distribution. Thus, in a return's distribution, Volatility is the deviation of returns from their mean. If we assume the mean of returnsto be zero, then 10% yearly Volatility represents that in one year return ...
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... underlying prices are lognormal distributed. For more information, see Price and Return's distribution. Thus, in a return's distribution, Volatility is the deviation of returns from their mean. If we assume the mean of returnsto be zero, then 10% yearly Volatility represents that in one year return ...
Prospect Theory and market quality - University of Michigan`s Ross
Prospect Theory and market quality - University of Michigan`s Ross

... of the equity premium, excess stock return volatility, momentum and the disposition effect, the value premium, or stock return predictability and its implications for portfolio selection.2 The past two decades have also been characterized by an increasing interest in the study of the process of pric ...
FREE Sample Here
FREE Sample Here

... the price per gram of plutonium changes to (a) $4,750 (b) $4,900 (c) $5,100 (d) $5,250 Answer d. 8. A “stack-and-roll” strategy makes profits from the “roll” part when (a) The market is in backwardation. (b) The market is in contango. (c) There is a sharp fall in commodity prices. (d) The correlatio ...
Derivatives Trading and Its Impact on the Volatility of NSE, India
Derivatives Trading and Its Impact on the Volatility of NSE, India

... some pre-existing risk by taking positions in derivatives markets that offset potential losses in the underlying or spot market. In India, most derivatives users describe themselves as hedgers and Indian laws generally require that derivatives be used for hedging purposes only. Another motive for de ...
Does high-frequency trading improve market quality?
Does high-frequency trading improve market quality?

... millisecond and distribute the updated order book information to the public in 2.5 milliseconds. In response to the introduction of this sophisticated trading platform, market participants attempt to obtain milliseconds speed advantages by investing in computer technologies, and take extraordinarily ...
Order Exposure and Liquidity Coordination
Order Exposure and Liquidity Coordination

... (i.e., overbidding). Our key results are therefore driven by the interaction of both mechanisms, liquidity competition in the primary exchange and order flow attraction from latent investors. A central finding of our study is that due to mis-coordination (large) hidden orders can significantly harm ...
The Anatomy of a Stock Market Winner
The Anatomy of a Stock Market Winner

... This article analyzes characteristics of past stock market winners to see whether they may yield some insights into successful investment strategies. Earlierresearch has isolated a particular attribute (such as P/E or size) and then investigated its associated return behavior; we take the opposite t ...
Stock Basics Tutorial
Stock Basics Tutorial

... sent back to the brokerage firm, who then notifies the investor who placed the order. Although there is human contact in this process, don't think that the NYSE is still in the stone age: computers play a huge role in the process. The Nasdaq The second type of exchange is the virtual sort called an ...
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High-frequency trading

High-frequency trading (HFT) is a type of algorithmic trading characterized by high speeds, high turnover rates, and high order-to-trade ratios that leverages high-frequency financial data[1] and electronic trading tools. While there is no single definition of HFT, among its key attributes are highly sophisticated algorithms, specialized order types, co-location, very short-term investment horizons, and high cancellation rates of orders. HFT can be viewed as a primary form of algorithmic trading in finance. Specifically, it is the use of sophisticated technological tools and computer algorithms to rapidly trade securities. HFT uses proprietary trading strategies carried out by computers to move in and out of positions in seconds or fractions of a second. It is estimated that as of 2009, HFT accounted for 60-73% of all US equity trading volume, with that number falling to approximately 50% in 2012.High-frequency traders move in and out of short-term positions at high volumes and high speeds aiming to capture sometimes a fraction of a cent in profit on every trade. HFT firms do not consume significant amounts of capital, accumulate positions or hold their portfolios overnight. As a result, HFT has a potential Sharpe ratio (a measure of reward to risk) tens of times higher than traditional buy-and-hold strategies. High-frequency traders typically compete against other HFTs, rather than long-term investors. HFT firms make up the low margins with incredibly high volumes of trades, frequently numbering in the millions.It has been argued that a core incentive in much of the technological development behind high-frequency trading is essentially front running, in which the varying delays in the propagation of orders is taken advantage of by those who have earlier access to information.A substantial body of research argues that HFT and electronic trading pose new types of challenges to the financial system. Algorithmic and high-frequency traders were both found to have contributed to volatility in the Flash Crash of May 6, 2010, when high-frequency liquidity providers rapidly withdrew from the market. Several European countries have proposed curtailing or banning HFT due to concerns about volatility. Other complaints against HFT include the argument that some HFT firms scrape profits from investors when index funds rebalance their portfolios.
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