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Exam 4 Review - Iowa State University
Exam 4 Review - Iowa State University

... by un-linked genes. The genotype of a stud-male llama-rabbit is HhTt. Which of the following is a possible genotype found in his gametes? A) HT B) Hh C) HhTt D) Tt E) H ...
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... “What we’re trying to do is put the punctuation in so that we can read the DNA and figure out how the genes are turned on and off during mammalian fetal development,” she says. Switching it on or off The makeup of a gene isn’t changed when epigenetic modifications occur. It’s the architecture that i ...
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Epigenetics of human development

Development before birth, including gametogenesis, embryogenesis, and fetal development, is the process of body development from the gametes are formed to eventually combine into a zygote to when the fully developed organism exits the uterus. Epigenetic processes are vital to fetal development due to the need to differentiate from a single cell to a variety of cell types that are arranged in such a way to produce cohesive tissues, organs, and systems.Epigenetic modifications such as methylation of CpGs (a dinucleotide composed of a 2'-deoxycytosine and a 2' deoxyguanosine) and histone tail modifications allow activation or repression of certain genes within a cell, in order to create cell memory either in favor of using a gene or not using a gene. These modifications can either originate from the parental DNA, or can be added to the gene by various proteins and can contribute to differentiation. Processes that alter the epigenetic profile of a gene include production of activating or repressing protein complexes, usage of non-coding RNAs to guide proteins capable of modification, and the proliferation of a signal by having protein complexes attract either another protein complex or more DNA in order to modify other locations in the gene.
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