Kidneys
... Water/salt balance Blood volume is closely associated with the salt balance of the body The more salt in the blood, the greater the volume of blood and the greater the blood pressure The kidneys are involved in regulating blood pressure and also maintain appropriate levels of certain ions in t ...
... Water/salt balance Blood volume is closely associated with the salt balance of the body The more salt in the blood, the greater the volume of blood and the greater the blood pressure The kidneys are involved in regulating blood pressure and also maintain appropriate levels of certain ions in t ...
Kidney - IS MU
... this malformation results from failure of the kidney to ascend Horshoe kidney - both kidneys are fused at their inferior poles and located in pelvis (failure of kidneys ascend) horshoe kidney is often symptomless and occurs 1 per 600 live birth. ...
... this malformation results from failure of the kidney to ascend Horshoe kidney - both kidneys are fused at their inferior poles and located in pelvis (failure of kidneys ascend) horshoe kidney is often symptomless and occurs 1 per 600 live birth. ...
The Excretory System
... nephrons (extend into renal medulla) – Have well-developed loops of Henle – Allow for the conservation of water ...
... nephrons (extend into renal medulla) – Have well-developed loops of Henle – Allow for the conservation of water ...
8. Glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis
... Chronic renal failure (CRF) This is a consequence of many chronic renal diseases, gradual and steady deterioration of glomerular and tubular kidney function such an extent that the kidneys can not maintain the normal composition of the internal environment. The main property CRF - exhaustive co ...
... Chronic renal failure (CRF) This is a consequence of many chronic renal diseases, gradual and steady deterioration of glomerular and tubular kidney function such an extent that the kidneys can not maintain the normal composition of the internal environment. The main property CRF - exhaustive co ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... anomalies of the mullerian duct. With developmental errors of the urinary tract. Non working or mutated genes on the long arm of chromosome 10(10q) result in the abnormal development of the urogenital tract patients with the monosomy of chromosome 10q26, six patients had urinary anomalies such as ve ...
... anomalies of the mullerian duct. With developmental errors of the urinary tract. Non working or mutated genes on the long arm of chromosome 10(10q) result in the abnormal development of the urogenital tract patients with the monosomy of chromosome 10q26, six patients had urinary anomalies such as ve ...
Genitourinary Surgery
... Bladder tumors Present with hematuria Single growth or multiple present. Benign (papillomas) occur in young adults. Malignant neoplasms usually occur in men over 50. Early removal transurethrally. Cancer of the bladder may recur. ...
... Bladder tumors Present with hematuria Single growth or multiple present. Benign (papillomas) occur in young adults. Malignant neoplasms usually occur in men over 50. Early removal transurethrally. Cancer of the bladder may recur. ...
LECTURE OUTLINE DISEASE MECHANISMS OF GN Complement
... 3. Uraemia – lethargy, anorexia, nausea, vomiting 4. Hormonal abnormalities – anaemia , renal osteodystrophy 5. Hypertension & its consequences – cardiac failure & stroke 6. Fibrinous exudates – heart, lung, colon 7. Haemorrhagic ulcers – in G.I.T 8. Immune depression – infections INFECTIONS OF THE ...
... 3. Uraemia – lethargy, anorexia, nausea, vomiting 4. Hormonal abnormalities – anaemia , renal osteodystrophy 5. Hypertension & its consequences – cardiac failure & stroke 6. Fibrinous exudates – heart, lung, colon 7. Haemorrhagic ulcers – in G.I.T 8. Immune depression – infections INFECTIONS OF THE ...
Nursing Management
... around a mucoprotein to from a crystalline structure. High ingestion of minerals plus elevated salt in the urine allows stone to form and progressively enlarge. The acidity or alkalinity of the urine will also contribute to the development of stone. ...
... around a mucoprotein to from a crystalline structure. High ingestion of minerals plus elevated salt in the urine allows stone to form and progressively enlarge. The acidity or alkalinity of the urine will also contribute to the development of stone. ...
Urinary system
... the regulation of electrolytes, maintenance of acid–base balance, and regulation of blood pressure (via maintaining salt and water balance). They serve the body as a natural filter of the blood, and remove wastes which are diverted to the urinary bladder. In producing urine, the kidneys excrete wast ...
... the regulation of electrolytes, maintenance of acid–base balance, and regulation of blood pressure (via maintaining salt and water balance). They serve the body as a natural filter of the blood, and remove wastes which are diverted to the urinary bladder. In producing urine, the kidneys excrete wast ...
12-Excretion
... properly. Gout is a disease characterized by the retention of uric acid in the blood. The kidney does not excrete it properly. So the body stores it in the connective tissue, often behind the big toe. This makes it very difficult and painful to walk if not treated. ...
... properly. Gout is a disease characterized by the retention of uric acid in the blood. The kidney does not excrete it properly. So the body stores it in the connective tissue, often behind the big toe. This makes it very difficult and painful to walk if not treated. ...
CRF
... including fever, malaise, weight loss, and abdominal pain. Intractable hypertension secondary to the arteritis is often present. Men are more commonly affected than are women, and the mean age of onset is 48 years. Although the exact cause and pathogenesis are unknown, evidence suggests some form of ...
... including fever, malaise, weight loss, and abdominal pain. Intractable hypertension secondary to the arteritis is often present. Men are more commonly affected than are women, and the mean age of onset is 48 years. Although the exact cause and pathogenesis are unknown, evidence suggests some form of ...
Medical-Surgical Nursing: An Integrated Approach, 2E Chapter 29
... Renal Tumors Risk factors include smoking, familial incidence, and preexisting renal disorders. Symptoms include weight loss, dull flank pain, gross hematuria, and a mass that may be palpable in the flank area. ...
... Renal Tumors Risk factors include smoking, familial incidence, and preexisting renal disorders. Symptoms include weight loss, dull flank pain, gross hematuria, and a mass that may be palpable in the flank area. ...
Fluid and Electrolytes
... ARF (50% mortality with treatment) Prerenal: blood flow Intrarenal Postrenal: ureteral blockage ...
... ARF (50% mortality with treatment) Prerenal: blood flow Intrarenal Postrenal: ureteral blockage ...
The Urinary System Anatomy and Physiology (rev. 4/08) Involved in
... Diuretics (Lasix) Antihypertensive medications Chronic Much more serious than acute May permanently damage the kidney by destroying nephrons Signs & Symptoms Disease flares up at intervals General malaise Albumin in urine Pale/dilute urine Hypertension w/ headaches Marked edema Treatment Low Na, pro ...
... Diuretics (Lasix) Antihypertensive medications Chronic Much more serious than acute May permanently damage the kidney by destroying nephrons Signs & Symptoms Disease flares up at intervals General malaise Albumin in urine Pale/dilute urine Hypertension w/ headaches Marked edema Treatment Low Na, pro ...
Renal toxicology
... unstable at certain urine pHs return to normal levels despite renal damage large inter-individual variations predictive value of these newer tests has not been validated. ...
... unstable at certain urine pHs return to normal levels despite renal damage large inter-individual variations predictive value of these newer tests has not been validated. ...
Renal blood flow
... • A decrease in mean arterial pressure also decreases renal blood flow and eventually affects the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) when the pressure decreases to less than 60 mm Hg. • A persistently low mean arterial • pressure greater than 60 mm Hg affects renal blood flow, but does not affect the ...
... • A decrease in mean arterial pressure also decreases renal blood flow and eventually affects the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) when the pressure decreases to less than 60 mm Hg. • A persistently low mean arterial • pressure greater than 60 mm Hg affects renal blood flow, but does not affect the ...
Renal cortex Structures involved
... • In renal failure, the kidneys are unable to concentrate urine. • Once renal failure has begun, patient must go on dialysis. Here the patient is hooked up to a machine that filters the blood and then pumps it back in. ...
... • In renal failure, the kidneys are unable to concentrate urine. • Once renal failure has begun, patient must go on dialysis. Here the patient is hooked up to a machine that filters the blood and then pumps it back in. ...
nephrons
... Should be avoided in renal failure e.g. NSAIDs, ACE-I, ARBs, aminoglycosides, large doses of penicillins, ciclophosphamide, ciclosporine A, gold, penicillamine What are the general principles of prescribing in renal failure? • Reduced dose and/or increase the dosage interval according to renal funct ...
... Should be avoided in renal failure e.g. NSAIDs, ACE-I, ARBs, aminoglycosides, large doses of penicillins, ciclophosphamide, ciclosporine A, gold, penicillamine What are the general principles of prescribing in renal failure? • Reduced dose and/or increase the dosage interval according to renal funct ...
The Urinary System
... Restrict Fluids if ordered Low Na, low protein diet Prognosis is good ...
... Restrict Fluids if ordered Low Na, low protein diet Prognosis is good ...
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD, autosomal dominant PKD or adult-onset PKD) is the most prevalent, potentially lethal, monogenic human disorder. It is associated with large interfamilial and intrafamilial variability, which can be explained to a large extent by its genetic heterogeneity and modifier genes. It is also the most common of the inherited cystic kidney diseases — a group of disorders with related but distinct pathogenesis, characterized by the development of renal cysts and various extrarenal manifestations, which in case of ADPKD include cysts in other organs, such as the liver, seminal vesicles, pancreas, and arachnoid membrane, as well as other abnormalities, such as intracranial aneurysms and dolichoectasias, aortic root dilatation and aneurysms, mitral valve prolapse, and abdominal wall hernias. Over 50% of patients with ADPKD eventually develop end stage kidney disease and require dialysis or kidney transplantation. ADPKD is estimated to affect at least 1 in every 1000 individuals worldwide, making this disease the most common inherited kidney disorder with a diagnosed prevalence of 1:2000 and incidence of 1:3000-1:8000 in a global scale.