The Profession of Medical Assisting
... may be reversible with treatment Kidneys slowly lose ability to function; not reversible Urinary bladder infection; more common in females ...
... may be reversible with treatment Kidneys slowly lose ability to function; not reversible Urinary bladder infection; more common in females ...
Radiology course
... Horseshoe-kidney • Horseshoe kidneys are the most common type of renal fusion anomaly. They render the kidneys susceptible to trauma and are an independent risk factor for the development of renal calculi and transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. • Horseshoe kidneys are found in approxim ...
... Horseshoe-kidney • Horseshoe kidneys are the most common type of renal fusion anomaly. They render the kidneys susceptible to trauma and are an independent risk factor for the development of renal calculi and transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. • Horseshoe kidneys are found in approxim ...
retro-aortic left renal vein with double left renal
... Though variations in the renal vessels are common, proper knowledge of variations is essential not only to the anatomists but also for the clinicians and to perform surgical and radiological procedures more safely and efficiently. Keywords: Kidney, Renal artery, Renal vein. ...
... Though variations in the renal vessels are common, proper knowledge of variations is essential not only to the anatomists but also for the clinicians and to perform surgical and radiological procedures more safely and efficiently. Keywords: Kidney, Renal artery, Renal vein. ...
Renal vascular evaluation with 64 Multislice Computerized
... importance in renal donors because surgery requires a minimal length of 2 cm in the main renal artery prior to its bifurcation to assure adequate anastomosis. The more common venous variants are the multiple renal veins (double, triple or quadruple) that are seen in about 15% to 30% of the populatio ...
... importance in renal donors because surgery requires a minimal length of 2 cm in the main renal artery prior to its bifurcation to assure adequate anastomosis. The more common venous variants are the multiple renal veins (double, triple or quadruple) that are seen in about 15% to 30% of the populatio ...
04-kidney,aorta, symp.T.& aortic plexus2008-02
... 1-excretion of urine. 2-control water & electrolyte balance. 3-maintain the acid –base balance of blood. They are retro-peritoneal , lie behind parietal peritoneum on the post.abd.wall. ...
... 1-excretion of urine. 2-control water & electrolyte balance. 3-maintain the acid –base balance of blood. They are retro-peritoneal , lie behind parietal peritoneum on the post.abd.wall. ...
Renal Failure - American College of Radiology
... distinction between AKI and chronic renal failure (CRF), now termed chronic kidney disease (CKD), can often be made clinically [4]. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) implies CKD to a degree that life cannot be sustained longterm without dialysis. Many patients are first seen with markedly elevated seru ...
... distinction between AKI and chronic renal failure (CRF), now termed chronic kidney disease (CKD), can often be made clinically [4]. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) implies CKD to a degree that life cannot be sustained longterm without dialysis. Many patients are first seen with markedly elevated seru ...
CLINICAL NOTES REQUIRED FOR CAT3
... A fistula (abnormal passage) between the trachea and esophagus occurs once in 3000 to 4500 live births (Figs. 10-5 and 10-6); most affected infants are males. In more than 85% of cases, the tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is associated with esophageal atresia. A TEF results from incomplete division ...
... A fistula (abnormal passage) between the trachea and esophagus occurs once in 3000 to 4500 live births (Figs. 10-5 and 10-6); most affected infants are males. In more than 85% of cases, the tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is associated with esophageal atresia. A TEF results from incomplete division ...
6 - gu365 cases 2009..
... • Injuries requiring surgery: vascular injury, shattered kidney, expanding hematoma • 80-90% renal injuries treated conservatively with • remarkable resolution! ...
... • Injuries requiring surgery: vascular injury, shattered kidney, expanding hematoma • 80-90% renal injuries treated conservatively with • remarkable resolution! ...
Sorting the Alphabet Soup of Renal Pathology: A Review
... failure, accounting for 2% of cases in adults.1 It is most common in pregnant or postpartum women, who represent 50%-60% of these cases,2 but is also found in neonates; approximately 10% of cases occur in children. Common causes of ACN include sepsis, abruptio placentae, intrauterine fetal death, ut ...
... failure, accounting for 2% of cases in adults.1 It is most common in pregnant or postpartum women, who represent 50%-60% of these cases,2 but is also found in neonates; approximately 10% of cases occur in children. Common causes of ACN include sepsis, abruptio placentae, intrauterine fetal death, ut ...
- DUNE - University of New England
... learning, clinical anatomy, and imaging (Raftery, 2006; Sugand et al., 2010; Johnson et al., 2012). This paper provides instruction on older surgical approaches to the kidneys that does not require prior dissection of the entire abdominal cavity. RENAL DISSECTION Traditionally, cadaveric dissections ...
... learning, clinical anatomy, and imaging (Raftery, 2006; Sugand et al., 2010; Johnson et al., 2012). This paper provides instruction on older surgical approaches to the kidneys that does not require prior dissection of the entire abdominal cavity. RENAL DISSECTION Traditionally, cadaveric dissections ...
Tech Guide
... The kidneys receive their blood supply from the renal arteries which are fed by the abdominal aorta. In the kidney, the artery branches further. Filtered blood returns by the left and right renal veins to the inferior vena cava and then the heart. When we look at a kidney section, we see a cavity, t ...
... The kidneys receive their blood supply from the renal arteries which are fed by the abdominal aorta. In the kidney, the artery branches further. Filtered blood returns by the left and right renal veins to the inferior vena cava and then the heart. When we look at a kidney section, we see a cavity, t ...
Measuring dynamic kidney function in an undergraduate physiology
... correlations among different parameters, e.g., examine how urine concentration changes as a function of FWR (Fig. 1A). We also study the correlation (or lack thereof) between GFR and urine flow rate (Fig. 1C). Students will have completed their own analyses before coming to class, so they should alr ...
... correlations among different parameters, e.g., examine how urine concentration changes as a function of FWR (Fig. 1A). We also study the correlation (or lack thereof) between GFR and urine flow rate (Fig. 1C). Students will have completed their own analyses before coming to class, so they should alr ...
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
... level of L1-L2 intervertebral disc, supplying right and left kidneys situated on either side of vertebral column. As the variations of renal arteries is common. A sound knowledge of these variations is of utmost importance not only to anatomists, but also to surgeons, radiologists and nephrologists. ...
... level of L1-L2 intervertebral disc, supplying right and left kidneys situated on either side of vertebral column. As the variations of renal arteries is common. A sound knowledge of these variations is of utmost importance not only to anatomists, but also to surgeons, radiologists and nephrologists. ...
Classic Signs in Uroradiology1
... Figures 18, 19. Kidney sweat. (18) Longitudinal US image of the left kidney in a patient with acute renal failure reveals a sliver of fluid in a subcapsular location (arrow). This appearance has been called kidney sweat. Similar findings were seen on the right. (19) In another patient with acute renal ...
... Figures 18, 19. Kidney sweat. (18) Longitudinal US image of the left kidney in a patient with acute renal failure reveals a sliver of fluid in a subcapsular location (arrow). This appearance has been called kidney sweat. Similar findings were seen on the right. (19) In another patient with acute renal ...
RENAL PROTECTION IN PEDIATRIC CARDIAC SURGERY
... a. In euvolemic patients, the rapid intravenous administration of mannitol should result in a urine output greater than 0.5 mL/kg within 1 hour if a prerenal etiology dominates. b. The vasodilatory and natriuretic properties of furosemide are beneficial when administered early in the course of acute ...
... a. In euvolemic patients, the rapid intravenous administration of mannitol should result in a urine output greater than 0.5 mL/kg within 1 hour if a prerenal etiology dominates. b. The vasodilatory and natriuretic properties of furosemide are beneficial when administered early in the course of acute ...
the flank incision and exposure of the kidney
... kidney lies higher than expected from the radiologic studies, with the left kidney slightly higher than the right kidney. Except for lower pole renal biopsy, most operations require good exposure of the renal pelvis and the renal pedicle and thus call for either a supra–twelfth-rib incision or a twe ...
... kidney lies higher than expected from the radiologic studies, with the left kidney slightly higher than the right kidney. Except for lower pole renal biopsy, most operations require good exposure of the renal pelvis and the renal pedicle and thus call for either a supra–twelfth-rib incision or a twe ...
Anatomy of the Urinary System
... proXimately 25 cm (10 in) long, They begi:n at the renal pelviS (Figure 28.2) and travel inferiorly along the posterior abdominaI wall, They enter the pelViC cavity and terminate at the posterior aspect of the urinary bladder (Figure 28.1a). The primary func tion of the ureters is to transport urin ...
... proXimately 25 cm (10 in) long, They begi:n at the renal pelviS (Figure 28.2) and travel inferiorly along the posterior abdominaI wall, They enter the pelViC cavity and terminate at the posterior aspect of the urinary bladder (Figure 28.1a). The primary func tion of the ureters is to transport urin ...
Nerve supply
... Each of these muscle is covered by definite layer of fascia & in front of the fascial layer variable amount of fatty connective tissue that forms the bed of the suprarenal gland ,the kidneys , the ascending & descending parts of colon & the duodenum. also contain the ureters &the renal &gonadal blo ...
... Each of these muscle is covered by definite layer of fascia & in front of the fascial layer variable amount of fatty connective tissue that forms the bed of the suprarenal gland ,the kidneys , the ascending & descending parts of colon & the duodenum. also contain the ureters &the renal &gonadal blo ...
Chronic renal failure in a mouse model of human adenine
... Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5251 ...
... Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5251 ...
Kidney Structure and Blood Supply (cont)
... After your blood has completed tissue exchange, it contains quantities of waste products, increased CO2, and perhaps imbalances of electrolytes. Your lungs eliminate the excess CO2. Since the blood is reused, somehow it must be cleansed of the other wastes and its fluid volume and electrolytes adjus ...
... After your blood has completed tissue exchange, it contains quantities of waste products, increased CO2, and perhaps imbalances of electrolytes. Your lungs eliminate the excess CO2. Since the blood is reused, somehow it must be cleansed of the other wastes and its fluid volume and electrolytes adjus ...
Practical class 3 EXCRETORY SYSTEM
... The ureter on each side is a narrow tube with thick muscular wall which runs from the renal pelvis to the bladder. Identify the ureter on each side and follow it downward on the psoas muscle to the pelvic brim. Note that at no time do the ureters enter the peritoneal cavity, but rather travel retrop ...
... The ureter on each side is a narrow tube with thick muscular wall which runs from the renal pelvis to the bladder. Identify the ureter on each side and follow it downward on the psoas muscle to the pelvic brim. Note that at no time do the ureters enter the peritoneal cavity, but rather travel retrop ...
Imaging Tests in localizating the site of UTI
... Specific Clinical Signs of UTIs in Neonates and Infants The symptoms are nonspecific and require a high degree of clinical suspicion. They include fever, poor feeding, failure to thrive, abdominal pain, haematuria, and malodorous urine. Jaundice may be an early diagnostic sign of UTI in infancy ...
... Specific Clinical Signs of UTIs in Neonates and Infants The symptoms are nonspecific and require a high degree of clinical suspicion. They include fever, poor feeding, failure to thrive, abdominal pain, haematuria, and malodorous urine. Jaundice may be an early diagnostic sign of UTI in infancy ...
Region 16: Kidneys and Retroperitoneal Structures Abdominal aorta
... --since cortical part of suprarenal glands produce steroids, gland appears fatty and may pass for some of fat that surrounds kidney --Blood supply to suprarenal glands *three sets of aa. supply the glands a. superior suprarenal aa: branch from inferior phrenic aa. b. middle suprarenal aa.: brach dir ...
... --since cortical part of suprarenal glands produce steroids, gland appears fatty and may pass for some of fat that surrounds kidney --Blood supply to suprarenal glands *three sets of aa. supply the glands a. superior suprarenal aa: branch from inferior phrenic aa. b. middle suprarenal aa.: brach dir ...
Development of the Mesodermal Organs in Vertebrates
... blood vessel). This epithelium becomes the endothelium of the blood vessel; the outer layers of the blood vessels are added much later in development. The blood vessels are originally laid down as a network. Those blood vessels through which the most blood is channeled develop into arteries & veins. ...
... blood vessel). This epithelium becomes the endothelium of the blood vessel; the outer layers of the blood vessels are added much later in development. The blood vessels are originally laid down as a network. Those blood vessels through which the most blood is channeled develop into arteries & veins. ...
Chronic kidney disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), also known as chronic renal disease, is a progressive loss in renal function over a period of months or years. The symptoms of worsening kidney function are not specific, and might include feeling generally unwell and experiencing a reduced appetite. Often, chronic kidney disease is diagnosed as a result of screening of people known to be at risk of kidney problems, such as those with high blood pressure or diabetes and those with a blood relative with CKD. This disease may also be identified when it leads to one of its recognized complications, such as cardiovascular disease, anemia, or pericarditis. It is differentiated from acute kidney disease in that the reduction in kidney function must be present for over 3 months.Chronic kidney disease is identified by a blood test for creatinine, which is a breakdown product of muscle metabolism. Higher levels of creatinine indicate a lower glomerular filtration rate and as a result a decreased capability of the kidneys to excrete waste products. Creatinine levels may be normal in the early stages of CKD, and the condition is discovered if urinalysis (testing of a urine sample) shows the kidney is allowing the loss of protein or red blood cells into the urine. To fully investigate the underlying cause of kidney damage, various forms of medical imaging, blood tests, and sometimes a renal biopsy (removing a small sample of kidney tissue) are employed to find out if a reversible cause for the kidney malfunction is present.Recent professional guidelines classify the severity of CKD in five stages, with stage 1 being the mildest and usually causing few symptoms and stage 5 being a severe illness with poor life expectancy if untreated. Stage 5 CKD is often called end-stage kidney disease, end-stage renal disease, or end-stage kidney failure, and is largely synonymous with the now outdated terms chronic renal failure or chronic kidney failure; and usually means the patient requires renal replacement therapy, which may involve a form of dialysis, but ideally constitutes a kidney transplant.Screening of at-risk people is important because treatments exist that delay the progression of CKD. If an underlying cause of CKD, such as vasculitis, or obstructive nephropathy (blockage to the drainage system of the kidneys) is found, it may be treated directly to slow the damage. In more advanced stages, treatments may be required for anemia and renal bone disease (also called renal osteodystrophy, secondary hyperparathyroidism or chronic kidney disease - mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD)). Chronic kidney disease resulted in 956,000 deaths in 2013 up from 409,000 deaths in 1990.