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Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)

... The mechanism of FRET involves a donor fluorophore in an excited electronic state, which may transfer its excitation energy to a nearby acceptor chromophore ...
IJEB 48(4) 373-377
IJEB 48(4) 373-377

... revealed the presence of Ala, Asp, Glu, Gly, Ser and Thr. The earlier studies on azo-dye bound peptide revealed that it contained Pro, Leu/Ile, Val and Gly as major components and Glu, Phe, Ser, Ala and Asp as minor components19. Terayama and Takeuchi20 isolated a fraction on hydrolysis of azo-dye b ...
Insilico Studies on Taste Receptor Gene (Tas2r38) and Tas2r38
Insilico Studies on Taste Receptor Gene (Tas2r38) and Tas2r38

... functions based on the observation that the TAS2R genes are expressed at various extra-oral sites.( W. MEYERHOF)Various TAS2Rs show quite specific agonist profiles, like ptc & prop, have certain chemical substructures in common. In the formation of bitterness receptors, the human body uses “blueprin ...
An intersubunit lock-and-key `Clasp` motif in the dimer interface of
An intersubunit lock-and-key `Clasp` motif in the dimer interface of

... equation (eqn 3), where Y is the fractional saturation, h is the Hill coefficient and K 0.5 is an averaged binding constant at Y = 0.5. A Hill plot, a plot between log[Y/(1 − Y)] and log[S], was employed to determine the degree of co-operativity by the slope of the plot which yields the Hill coeffic ...
Pharmacophore screening of the Protein Data Bank for specific
Pharmacophore screening of the Protein Data Bank for specific

... With approximately 61,000 macromolecular structures available, the Protein Data Bank (PDB) is a rich source of information to understand the structural mechanism of specific biological systems, or to rationally design drug candidates for specific targets. In recent years, efforts to interrogate the ...
Our detailed procedure to develop recombinant antibodies
Our detailed procedure to develop recombinant antibodies

... glutathione-coated magnetic beads to eliminate phages binding to beads (preclearing A), then with GST-coated beads to eliminate antibodies binding to GST (preclearing B), and finally with antigen-coated beads to select Rh50-specific antibodies. The number of phages binding to beads, to GST-coated be ...
SALT BRIDGE D526- FUNCTIONS AS A HINGE THAT CONTROLS
SALT BRIDGE D526- FUNCTIONS AS A HINGE THAT CONTROLS

... the β-sandwich and helix A, and through its Cterminal region, in the second folding unit formed by the remaining helical segments of the lid subdomain (6). To analyze the effect of these ionic contacts in the structural and functional properties of DnaK, each corresponding residue in helix B was sub ...
MOA slides - Epilepsy
MOA slides - Epilepsy

... AMPA receptors mediate glutamate fast signalling • AMPA receptors are the most abundant ionotropic glutamate receptors in the mammalian brain • They are localised at excitatory synapses, post-synaptically • AMPA receptors mediate the fast response to glutamate – Generate the fast component of the e ...
Active Site Interactions in Oligomeric Structures of Inorganic
Active Site Interactions in Oligomeric Structures of Inorganic

... ligand at the second E-PPase site (Asp-70–Asn) decreases Mg2+ affinity for the enzyme only twofold; however, the rate catalytic constant decreases more than a hundred times [23]. The consequences of single amino acid substitutions at the active site become clear from the comparison of Asp-97–Asn and ...
Coordination compounds - Structure
Coordination compounds - Structure

... Examples: Cu(NH3)2+, AgCl2-, Au(CN)2-, HgCl2 These are linear and the ligand-metal-ligand bond angel is 1800; Cl – Ag – ClThese metal ions have d10 configuration in the ground state. Even though the metal–ligand bond may be considered to be formed due to the overlap of a σ-orbital of the ligands wit ...
Omni-Tube PCR, PCR Reaction,Digest, Ligation, and the 3
Omni-Tube PCR, PCR Reaction,Digest, Ligation, and the 3

... and purification all in a single tube. No extra tubes, spin-columns, filter plates, silica membrane, magnetic beads, vacuum or filtration steps are needed for purification, and no transfer of reaction mixtures to different tubes required when proceeding to other downstream applications. Based on Sol ...
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells May Interfere in a Glycated
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells May Interfere in a Glycated

... high number of leukocytes in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Because chronic lymphocytic leukemia and diabetes mellitus (monitored by glycohemoglobin measurements) occur more frequently in the elderly, we examined this interference further. The IMx Glycated Hemoglobin assay (1 ) is based ...
Anthraquinone Photonuclease Structure Determines Its Mode of
Anthraquinone Photonuclease Structure Determines Its Mode of

... In contrast, the phosphorescence of AQS in frozen solution is completely quenched (>95%) when it is intercalated in DNA. Further, laser flash photolysis of AQI bound to calf-thymus DNA shows no formation of the radical anion out to 1 ns. Similar irradiation of bound AQC shows the strong absorption o ...
The Binding Site for the @r Subunits of Heterotrimeric G Proteins on
The Binding Site for the @r Subunits of Heterotrimeric G Proteins on

... observed using GST-PARKfusion proteins,and we have FIG. 1. Analysis of BARK1 carboxyl-terminal truncations. reported previously (15) that Py specifically binds toPARK1 within thelarge carboxylthird of the enzyme. Using the GSTa, schematic representation of wild-type PARK1 (construct I ) and six carb ...
A Molecular Basis for Multiple Herbicide Resistance in Black
A Molecular Basis for Multiple Herbicide Resistance in Black

... •Recombinant AmGSTF1 and C120V mutant independently expressed as Strep II tag fusions. • In vitro inhibition of activity towards CDNB. ...
Supplementary Figures 1 - 5, Methods
Supplementary Figures 1 - 5, Methods

... isotype control antibodies (2g) and then mixed with protein A sepharose beads (GE) ...
Synthesis and thermal decarbonylation of W(CO)5 complexes
Synthesis and thermal decarbonylation of W(CO)5 complexes

... CO2Prn) groups (see Scheme 1). The reaction of the polymeric ligands 1, 2 and 3 with the corresponding stoichiometric or substoichiometric amounts of [W(MeOH)(CO)5] in a mixture of dichloromethane–methanol gave the complexes (Scheme 2) {[NP(O2C12H8)]0.5[NP(O–C6H4–CO2Prn)(O–C6H4–CN)(W(CO)5)0.4]0.5}n ...
Absorption and Fluorescence Properties of Some Basic
Absorption and Fluorescence Properties of Some Basic

... tion and fluorescence measurements without further purification. Adenosine was obtained from Sigma Che­ mical Co. The herring sperm DNA and baker’s yeast RN A were also obtained from the same Co. The visible absorption spectrum was determined with a Beckman model spectrophotometer. The fluores­ cenc ...
Immunochemical methods in biochemistry
Immunochemical methods in biochemistry

... bivalent (IgG) or multivalent (IgM) antibodies and antigenic particles with multiple epitopes. • Among all other antibodies, IgM is a good agglutinin, since it has high affinity to different antigens. ...
The molecular logic of sodium-coupled neurotransmitter transporters
The molecular logic of sodium-coupled neurotransmitter transporters

... amines (dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin; known as the neurotransmitter sodium symporter (NSS) or the SLC6 family; Chen et al. 2004); and transporters for excitatory transmitter glutamate and the neutral amino acids alanine, serine, cysteine and threonine (also known as the excitatory amino acid t ...
Synthesis, Characterization, and pH-Dependent
Synthesis, Characterization, and pH-Dependent

... technique in modern medicine. It is noninvasive and unlike CT scans or x-rays, does not require harmful external radiation, making it relatively safe for clinical use. The technology for MRI was first developed as an extension of NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy in the 1970s by Paul Lau ...
Ether formation on the tridentate Schiff base
Ether formation on the tridentate Schiff base

... grade solvents and ultra pure water were used. The following operational parameters were typical. Solvent flow: 20 microlitres per minute, capillary voltage: 2.5, voltage lens: 0.40, cone voltage: 20-30 volts, high and low mass resolution:15, desolvation gas temperature: 80oC. Sonication of the solu ...
Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism
Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism

... Only when the β−adrenergic receptor has epinephrine bound can it keep adenylate cyclase active When epinephrine binds to the α−adrenergic receptor, Calcium ions are released into the cytosol increasing the concentration of Ca2+. This reinforces the cells’ response to cAMP. The Five Principles of Hor ...
template - Communications in Inorganic Synthesis
template - Communications in Inorganic Synthesis

... IR main peaks appear at 1608, 1439, 1311, 1115, 1045, 937, and 559 cm-1 (Figure S2). It is noticeable the shift of COO (1724, 1419 cm-1) of the free ligand to 1608 and 1439 cm-1. Besides, upon complexation, COC of 1149 cm-1 for the free ligand is shifted to 1115 cm-1. The signal at 937 cm-1 can be ...
BMC Struct Biol. BMC Struct Biol. 2003
BMC Struct Biol. BMC Struct Biol. 2003

... Abstract Abstract Background Human serum albumin (HSA) is an abundant plasma protein that binds a wide variety of hydrophobic ligands including fatty acids, bilirubin, thyroxine and hemin. Although HSA-heme complexes do not bind oxygen reversibly, it may be possible to develop modified HSA proteins ...
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Ligand binding assay

Ligand Binding Assays (LBA) is an assay, or an analytic procedure, whose procedure or method relies on the binding of ligand molecules to receptors, antibodies or other macromolecules. A detection method is used to determine the presence and extent of the ligand-receptor complexes formed, and this is usually determined electrochemically or through a fluourescence method. This type of analytic test can be used to test for the presence of target molecules in a sample that are known to bind to the receptor.There are numerous types of ligand binding assays, both radioactive and non-radioactive. As such, ligand binding assays are a superset of radiobinding assays, which are the conceptual inverse of radioimmunoassays (RIA). Some newer types are called ""mix-and-measure"" assays because they do not require separation of bound ligands.Ligand binding assays are used primarily in pharmacology for various demands. Specifically, despite the human body’s endogenous receptors, hormones, and other neurotransmitters, pharmacologists utilize assays in order to create drugs that are selective, or mimic, the endogenously found cellular components. On the other hand, such techniques are also available to create receptor antagonists in order to prevent further cascades. Such advances provide researchers with the ability not only to quantify hormones and hormone receptors, but also to contribute important pharmacological information in drug development and treatment plans.
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