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... The offspring of any mating between humans will have a 50:50 chance of having 2 X chromosomes, XX, which is female, or having one X and one Y chromosome, XY, which is male. ...
Chapter 4: Modification of Mendelian Ratios Incomplete or Partial
Chapter 4: Modification of Mendelian Ratios Incomplete or Partial

... MN Blood group- red blood cells contain a transmembrane glycoprotein (glycophorin); two different forms of this protein exist, M and N ...
Genetics Unit: 1. Heredity- the passing of traits from parent to young
Genetics Unit: 1. Heredity- the passing of traits from parent to young

... Genetics- branch of Biology that studies heredity Genes- factors that control traits Genotype- genetic makeup (ex. TT, Tt or tt) Genotypic Ratio- the proportion of genotypes for a particular parental cross Traits- specific characteristics that vary from one individual to the next Alleles- different ...
3U 1.7a Midpoint Review
3U 1.7a Midpoint Review

...  What is cancer?  What are cancer cells and how are they different from normal cells?  What causes a mutation to occur?  What are antioxidants? 3.6 Meiosis  Where does meiosis occur?  Stages of meiosis (be able to draw stages if asked)  How is crossing over different from independent assortme ...
Chapter 6 “Chromosomes & Cell Reproduction”
Chapter 6 “Chromosomes & Cell Reproduction”

... the same within a species. Although most species have different numbers of chromosomes, some species by chance have the same number. ...
Genetic disorder/testing PPT
Genetic disorder/testing PPT

... what form of the gene a person has. This testing can be done on embryonic stem cells early in the development or for invitro fertilization OR it can be done on cells in amniotic fluid. • Specific to one gene/protein, but many tests can be run on one sample at the same time. DNA chips are being devel ...
IV. Diagnosing Gene Disorders
IV. Diagnosing Gene Disorders

... days (normal blood cells live for _________ days) leading to ____________.  These tend to become stuck in capillaries, leading to ...
View Ch. 13 PowerPoint here.
View Ch. 13 PowerPoint here.

... chromosome determines the color of the cat and a female cat has two X chromosomes. A common male cat has one X and one Y chromosome. Since the Y chromosome does not have any color genes, there is no chance he could have both orange and non-orange together. One main exception to this is when, in rare ...
Classical Genetics
Classical Genetics

... Sex limited characters express only in one sex. It will not express in the other sex even if the gene is present. Eg. Feather pattern in Poultry, premature baldness in human males, milk production in cattles. Sex influenced characters behave like Dominant in one sex and Recessive in the other sex. P ...
Genes
Genes

... Sickle Cell Anemia: Disease occurs when a child inherits the hemoglobin (Oxygen-carrying part of blood) gene from both parents. The red blood cells develop a sickle shape and clump together obstructing blood flow and oxygen to the tissues. ~Symptoms- severe joint and abdominal pain, weakness & kidne ...
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Notes GENES ON CHROMOSOMES

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Zoo/Bot 3333
Zoo/Bot 3333

... Questions 1-2 pertain to the following. Fertile varieties of the Golana melon are known that contain 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70 chromosomes, respectively. A variety that contains 21 chromosomes exists, but can only be propagated through cuttings. 1. The monoploid number for these Golana melon species is ...
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Klinefelters Turners Edwards syndrome Downs

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CHAPTER 12
CHAPTER 12

...  Heterozygous females are carriers that do not show the trait but can pass it on  Males are never carriers but express the one allele on the X chromosomeso they have the condition ...
Hereditary Traits and Pedigrees
Hereditary Traits and Pedigrees

... – E.g. Tongue rolling is a dominant gene • The tongue rolling phenotype has two possible genotypes- RR and Rr • There non-rolling phenotype has only one possible ...
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Meiosis *The process of making YOU!*

... Half the chromosomes come from each parent. ...
CP Biology
CP Biology

... We know that males have XY sex chromosomes, and they seem to function just fine, so they must be able to survive with only 1 X chromosome. Females, however, have XX as sex chromosomes, two of them! So, do we really need two, or do females have an extra? The answer was discovered in 1961 by Mary Lyon ...
Punnett Squares Sex-linked lab
Punnett Squares Sex-linked lab

... only has three discovered so far.  Therefore with sex­linked genes, the  genes are carried on the X chromosome. The female has the normal two genes in her genotype for genes carried  on the X chromosomes.  The male, however, has only one gene, the  one carried on the single X chromosome, to determin ...
Mutations that happen during Transcription and
Mutations that happen during Transcription and

... • Enzymes proofread the DNA and replace incorrect nucleotides with correct nucleotides. • The greater the exposure to a mutagen such as UV light, the more likely is the chance that a mistake will not be corrected. ...
GENETICS TEST #3 OBJECTIVES: SB2. Students will analyze how
GENETICS TEST #3 OBJECTIVES: SB2. Students will analyze how

... 20. The failure of chromosomes to separate correctly during meiosis is ___________________. 21. When a piece of one chromosome combines with a different chromosome, a ___________________ mutation occurs. 22. ___________________ is when a section of chromosome breaks off, changes direction, and recom ...
Inheritance Principles and Human Genetics
Inheritance Principles and Human Genetics

... – Could be on X or Y chromosome – More X-linked genes because X is much larger – If male carries a recessive allele on the X chromosome, it will exhibit the trait  Ex. ...
Chapter 12 DNA and RNA - Northwestern High School
Chapter 12 DNA and RNA - Northwestern High School

... • Every cell can express different genes. – Pancreas secretes many digestive enzymes, amylase, that help break down starches. Expression of this genes allows it to function. Our marrow cells would not need to have this protein produced. – Morphogenesis (cell differentiation, cell specialization) ...
Mutations
Mutations

... •loss or gain of part of the chromosome of part of a ...
Unit 6: Mendelian Genetics
Unit 6: Mendelian Genetics

... Tay-Sachs disease: ...
word doc
word doc

... Rarely live past early adulthood 1 in 3000 males Cause: defect version of the gene that codes for a muscle protein. ...
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Skewed X-inactivation

Skewed X chromosome inactivation occurs when the inactivation of one X chromosome is favored over the other, leading to an uneven number of cells with each chromosome inactivated. It is usually defined as one allele being found on the active X chromosome in over 75% of cells, and extreme skewing is when over 90% of cells have inactivated the same X chromosome. It can be caused by primary nonrandom inactivation, either by chance due to a small cell pool or directed by genes, or caused by secondary nonrandom inactivation, which occurs by selection. Most females will have some levels of skewing. It is relatively common in adult females; around 35% of women have skewed ratio over 70:30, and 7% of women have an extreme skewed ratio of over 90:10. This is of medical significance due to the potential for the expression of disease genes present on the X chromosome that are normally not expressed due to random X inactivation. X chromosome inactivation occurs in females to provide dosage compensation between the sexes. If females kept both X chromosomes active they would have twice the number of active X genes than males, who only have one copy of the X chromosome. At approximately the time of implantation (see Implantation (human embryo), one of the two X chromosomes is randomly selected for inactivation. The cell undergoes transcriptional and epigenetic changes to ensure this inactivation is permanent. All progeny from these initial cells will maintain the inactivation of the same chromosome, resulting in a mosaic pattern of cells in females.
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