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2014 Over 600Volts SW Section.pptx
2014 Over 600Volts SW Section.pptx

Complete Paper
Complete Paper

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REVIEW OF UPQC CONTROL TECHNIQUES FOR POWER

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... dissatisfaction with the performance achievable by voltag. feedback circuits, some discussion of their diAdvantages is worthwhile. This will serve to set the stage for the in-d.pth discussion of current feedback amplifi.r analysis, in Appendix A. Although the analysis section can be skipped without ...
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... Connect to ground plane via 15nH inductor. DC return for the second stage bias circuit. This pin has no internal bonding; therefore, this pin can be connected to output pin 7, connected to the ground plane, or not connected. Slight tuning of the output match may be required due to stray capacitance ...
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... A resistor is small but important component of your project. The components on your circuit board need to be protected, if we fed a 12 volt current from a battery directly to your small components they would be damaged. A resistor placed in front of a component will only allow a certain current to p ...
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... very quickly and conveniently. The model already contains the package parasitics and is ready to use for DC and high frequency simulations. The terminals of the model circuit correspond to the pin configuration of the device. The model parameters have been extracted and verified up to 6 GHz using ty ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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