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Osci_ EE
Osci_ EE

ZHCS2000 Product Summary Features and Benefits
ZHCS2000 Product Summary Features and Benefits

... Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign trademarks. LIFE SUPPORT Diodes Incorporated products are specifically n ...
Active Current, Reactive Current, Kirchhoff`s Laws
Active Current, Reactive Current, Kirchhoff`s Laws

... in the branches of a loop should satisfy KVL, and that also the reactive voltage components of the branches of a loop should satisfy KVL. This is however not the case. The explanation of this apparent contradiction is similar to the explanation given for the currents. Indeed the active and reactive ...
VXR-7000 - Vertex Standard
VXR-7000 - Vertex Standard

GP Series Service Manual
GP Series Service Manual

... This SERVICE MANUAL has been written and published by Generac to aid our dealers' mechanics and company service personnel when servicing the products described herein. It is assumed that these personnel are familiar with the servicing procedures for these products, or like or similar products manufa ...
MCP809/MCP810 3-Pin Microprocessor Reset
MCP809/MCP810 3-Pin Microprocessor Reset

... Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been de ...
Overvoltages - protection
Overvoltages - protection

... 3 Power frequency overvoltage : Due to local system faults such as ‘double line to ground faults’ the voltage of the healthy phase to ground will increase from phase voltage to line voltage depending upon the neural earthing impedance of the system. Dr M A Panneerselvam, Professor, Anna University ...
FZT958 Features Mechanical Data
FZT958 Features Mechanical Data

... Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any c ...
XRI1-IE - Combined time overcurrent and earth current relay
XRI1-IE - Combined time overcurrent and earth current relay

... All of the faults detected by the relay are indicated on the front plate optically. Here not only the faults are indicated but also the faulty phase(s) and the protection function in operation. At pickup the LEDs are flashing, after tripping this changes to continuous light. In tripped condition "TR ...
EFFICIENT CONTROL OF THE SERIES RESONANT CONVERTER FOR HIGH FREQUENCY OPERATION
EFFICIENT CONTROL OF THE SERIES RESONANT CONVERTER FOR HIGH FREQUENCY OPERATION

... mitigation of switching loss in resonant converters makes them prime candidates for use when the limits of switching frequency are pushed. The goal of this thesis is to address two areas that practically limit the achievable switching frequency of resonant topologies. Traditional control methods bas ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)

Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... the K-stage proposed converter to obtain an output voltage which is (K + 1) times the input voltage. The conspicuous features of proposed topology are: (i) magnetic component free (transformer-less and inductor-less); (ii) continuous input current; (iii) low voltage rating semiconductor devices and ...
FZT751Q Description Applications
FZT751Q Description Applications

... Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any c ...
Earth Fault Protection of Transformer
Earth Fault Protection of Transformer

... In contrast to the network side, the DC link phase voltage (DC rail to earth) contains strong harmonics. These harmonics are generated by PWM switching at both the NB and MB and they are normally at high frequencies (switching frequency or integer multiples of the switching frequency). These harmoni ...
MN1919WEN MicroFlex
MN1919WEN MicroFlex

Digital Low-Impedance Bus Differential Protection
Digital Low-Impedance Bus Differential Protection

... CTs are required to have a low secondary leakage impedance (completely distributed windings or toroidal coils). During external faults, even with severe saturation of some of the CTs, the voltage does not rise above certain level, because the other CTs will provide a lower-impedance path as compared ...
Understanding NEC 409 & UL 508A Short Circuit Ratings
Understanding NEC 409 & UL 508A Short Circuit Ratings

... – The specified BCPD is able to be provided in the field when the panel is marked in accordance to SB5.1.2. ...
ADM1276 数据手册DataSheet 下载
ADM1276 数据手册DataSheet 下载

... limit of 20 mV is set, but this limit can be adjusted, if required, using a resistor divider network from the internal reference voltage to the ISET pin. The ADM1276 limits the current through the sense resistor by controlling the gate voltage of an external N-channel FET in the power path, via the ...
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- Schneider Electric

Chrysler and Jeep Data Parameters - Snap-on
Chrysler and Jeep Data Parameters - Snap-on

... Chapter 12 ...
A Mod.ified Lightly Doped Drain Structure for VLSI
A Mod.ified Lightly Doped Drain Structure for VLSI

FZT953 Features Mechanical Data
FZT953 Features Mechanical Data

... Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any c ...
Transmission Lines
Transmission Lines

View - Ministry of Education, Guyana
View - Ministry of Education, Guyana

... types of microscience kits donated by UNESCO/Kingston Office to Guyana can be used in practical classes. The experiments are classified according to grades and some were given first priority (refer to appendix 1). The ‘priority one’ experiments are recommended for the pilot of the microscience exper ...
X-Lock TS520 - Cumbria Designs
X-Lock TS520 - Cumbria Designs

... known as “Boatanchors”), remain popular with enthusiasts and I have several Kenwoods in my Boatanchor collection. Now, whilst these rigs are great fun to operate and unlike many modern rigs can be maintained and repaired by their owners, one of their less endearing features is frequency drift. This ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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