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FMMT634 A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated
FMMT634 A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated

... Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any c ...
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... Refer to the MAX8834Y/MAX8834Z IC data sheet for command-byte format. The SMBus dialog boxes accept numeric data in binary, decimal, or hexadecimal. Hexadecimal numbers should be prefixed by $ or 0x. Binary numbers must be exactly eight digits. See Figure 6 for an illustration of this tool. ...
IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)
IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)

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... This arrangement uses one or more capacitor(s) to provide a constant level of compensation. Control may be: ●●Manual: by circuit-breaker or load-break switch, ●●Semi-automatic: by contactor, ●●Direct connection to an appliance and switched with it. These capacitors are applied: ●●At the terminals of ...
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... Independent of the type of power plant, the use of a generator circuit-breaker switchgear provides numerous advantages. The implementation of this equipment in the system increases the profitability, availability and security of the power plant, minimizing losses of production and earnings due to mai ...
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... torque line. Also, as this current lags or leads the maximum torque line position, more current is required (for the same VPOL quantity) in order to achieve the same torque value. A number of variations exist with microprocessor relays, but they all depend on accurately measuring current and voltage ...
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... A single phase seven level grid connected inverter is used in photovoltaic systems. Three dc capacitors are used to generate three voltage levels resulting in voltage unbalancing [18]. A seven level inverter topology is introduced. The power electronic switches of level generation part are switched ...
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Selecting Piezoresistive vs. Piezoelectric Pressure

... on the crystal face that is proportional to the applied stress2. Quartz, tourmaline, and several other naturally occurring crystals exhibit a piezoelectric effect. An electric charge proportional to the applied force is generated when a piezoelectric material is stressed by being coupled to an appro ...
Section A
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medium-voltage switchgear

... grounding the cable side of the switch. The ratings of the three position switch shall be coordinated with the system ratings. Means shall be provided to allow for visual confirmation of the switch position from the front of the switchgear. The switch positions shall be clearly visible. If view wind ...
Powersub™ Vacuum Substation Circuit Breaker
Powersub™ Vacuum Substation Circuit Breaker

... • Turn OFF all power before working on or inside equipment. • Always use a properly rated voltage sensing device to confirm that power is off. • All maintenance must be performed by qualified personnel in accordance with local codes and under the following conditions: — The circuit breaker must be i ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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