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RL Line/Load Reactors
RL Line/Load Reactors

LTC6103 - Dual High Voltage, High Side Current Sense Amplifier
LTC6103 - Dual High Voltage, High Side Current Sense Amplifier

... input offset. As an example, the LTC6103 has a typical input offset of 85µV. If the minimum current is 20mA, a sense resistor of 4.25mΩ will set VSENSE to 85µV. This is the same value as the input offset. A larger sense resistor will reduce the error due to offset by increasing the sense voltage for ...
Prelab06
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... (Read this & answer the questions before coming to lab. Note that this prelab requires the use of your experimental kit.) Summary of relevant concepts: A. EMF devices:  An ideal EMF device maintains a constant potential difference across its terminals; we denote the EMF E by an arrow pointing from ...
Fundamental Signal Conditioning
Fundamental Signal Conditioning

... the frequency at which the input switching system can switch channels between signals. A series of steady DC voltages applied to an instrumentation amplifier in rapid succession generates a difficult composite signal to amplify. The settling time of the amplifier is the time necessary for the output ...
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+ R

... not exactly true. It is approximately true for voltage drops that aren’t too high. When voltage drops are high, so is the current, and high current causes more heat to generated. More heat means more random thermal motion of the atoms in the resistor. This, in turn, makes it harder for current to fl ...
REF2912 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
REF2912 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... Supply voltages below the specified levels can cause the REF29xx to momentarily draw currents greater than the typical quiescent current. Using a power supply with a fast rising edge and low output impedance easily prevents this. ...
NEC-403 - ABES Engineering College
NEC-403 - ABES Engineering College

... - due to unknown causes, occur when all systematic error has accounted - accumulation of small effect, require at high degree of accuracy - can be avoid by (a) increasing number of reading (b) use statistical means to obtain best approximation of true value ...
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Power MOSFET Basics: Understanding the Turn-On Process

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AND8256/D Control of the Output Voltage Range in NCP1653

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isl8014 - ISL8014 - 4A Low Quiescent Current 1MHz High Efficiency
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... 200mV/A. The control reference for the current loops comes from the error amplifier's (EAMP) output. The PWM operation is initialized by the clock from the oscillator. The P-Channel MOSFET is turned on at the beginning of a PWM cycle and the current in the MOSFET starts to ramp up. When the sum of t ...
OOOOHMM - Urbana School District 116
OOOOHMM - Urbana School District 116

... not exactly true. It is approximately true for voltage drops that aren’t too high. When voltage drops are high, so is the current, and high current causes more heat to generated. More heat means more random thermal motion of the atoms in the resistor. This, in turn, makes it harder for current to fl ...
OPA660 Wide Bandwidth OPERATIONAL TRANSCONDUCTANCE
OPA660 Wide Bandwidth OPERATIONAL TRANSCONDUCTANCE

LT1794 - Dual 500mA, 200MHz xDSL Line Driver Amplifier
LT1794 - Dual 500mA, 200MHz xDSL Line Driver Amplifier

... has been optimized to provide sufficient headroom when operating from ±12V power supplies in full-rate ADSL applications. The LT1794 also allows for an adjustment of the operating current to minimize power consumption. In addition, the LT1794 is available in small footprint surface mount packages to ...
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Dual Modulus Prescaler Using Current Mode Logic

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GaN – Moving Quickly into Entirely New Markets

... voltage spike induced during the switching transition, shown on the right in Figure 1. This voltage spike reduces maximum usable device voltage and increases switching loss. To enable the high switching speed available from the low FOM of GaN devices, low parasitic packaging and PCB layout, and sepa ...
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Instrumentation and Measurement (EET 204/3
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... To design and build a basic dc voltmeter within 5% accuracy as accepted to standard. ...
Pololu - Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes
Pololu - Understanding Destructive LC Voltage Spikes

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Lecture 2. Transistors

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... amplitude and create a similar version of it with a much greater amplitude, so that it is less corruptible by noise that naturally occurs within any communications system. In the last Unit we studied the bipolar junction transistor (BJT) and the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOS ...
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APD Gain Measure
APD Gain Measure

< 1 ... 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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