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Morley AIS 02 - Fire Detection Systems Guide
Morley AIS 02 - Fire Detection Systems Guide

... into the alarm condition with it's LED illuminated, and will collapse the line voltage by drawing a larger current - dependant on the detectors and control panel, but typically 50-80mA. The control panel can sense this, and activate the appropriate alarms. The detector will remain latched in the ala ...
Buck Converter: Negative Spike at Phase Node
Buck Converter: Negative Spike at Phase Node

CHAPTER 2: FEEDBACK AND STABILITY
CHAPTER 2: FEEDBACK AND STABILITY

... to xS at the summation node, the feedback becomes positive. Most circuits use negative feedback. Positive feedback is used in circuits called oscillators and also in a class of circuits called active filters which we will study in the later chapters. Feedback affects the properties of all amplifiers ...
thermostat single stage directions
thermostat single stage directions

... 2 -Closed (hot) to #1 when room temp is below selected temp (Used To Heat) 4 -Closed (hot) to #1 when room temp is above selected temp (Used To Cool) ...
TS30011/12/13 High Efficiency 1A/2A/3A Current-Mode
TS30011/12/13 High Efficiency 1A/2A/3A Current-Mode

... possible, and should be made as close as possible to the capacitor. The trace should not be shared with any other connection. (Figure 23) For adjustable mode versions, this should be connected to the external resistor divider. To choose the resistors, use the following equation: VOUT = 0.9 (1 + RTOP ...
TGS4301 数据资料DataSheet下载
TGS4301 数据资料DataSheet下载

... Measured Fixtured Data Bias Conditions: Vcontrol=±5 V, I+=22 mA ...
Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)

TLD1120EL Data Sheet - Infineon Technologies
TLD1120EL Data Sheet - Infineon Technologies

... 2) Specified RthJC value is simulated at natural convection on a cold plate setup (all pins and the exposed Pad are fixed to ambient temperature). Ta = 85°C, Total power dissipation 1.5 W. 3) The RthJA values are according to Jedec JESD51-3 at natural convection on 1s0p FR4 board. The product (chip ...
DESIGN ON MIXED-VOLTAGE-TOLERANT I~slash~O INTERFACE
DESIGN ON MIXED-VOLTAGE-TOLERANT I~slash~O INTERFACE

... decreased to reduce power consumption [1]. For example, the VDD is decreased to 1.2V in the typical 0.13-µm CMOS process. However, some peripheral components or other ICs are still operated with the higher voltage levels such as 2.5V, 3.3V, or 5V for different system specifications [2]. In other wor ...
4-20mA TO 0-20mA CONVERTER AND CURRENT SUMMING
4-20mA TO 0-20mA CONVERTER AND CURRENT SUMMING

Data Sheet - Energy Recovery Products
Data Sheet - Energy Recovery Products

... ERP - Energy Recovery Products (ERP Power, LLC) - reserves the right to make changes without further noNce to any products herein. ERP makes no warranty, representaNon or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any parNcular purpose, nor does ERP assume any liability arising out of ...
Better by design
Better by design

... above the panel. The design of those joysticks intended for use within the access platform industry, insulates the PCB from the application of at least 1kV on any part of the joystick's body. This improves operator safety and machine stability in the event of hazards such as the platform coming into ...
glowplug systems part 1
glowplug systems part 1

... each cause a 2 Volts drop, in total: 4 x 2 Volts = 8 Volts and the series-resistor takes 4 Volts. When in good order the ignitionswitch and the wires and their connections have no (or negligible low) resistance and therefore (theoretically) cause no voltagedrop. We can also calculate this voltage-dr ...
XP-BD Manual
XP-BD Manual

Circuits make electric current useful.
Circuits make electric current useful.

... light bulbs. For example, a circuit in a space heater converts electrical energy into heat. A circuit in a fan converts electrical energy into motion. A circuit in a bell converts electrical energy into sound. That bell might also be on a circuit that makes it ring at certain times, letting you know ...
SN10501 SN10502 SN10503
SN10501 SN10502 SN10503

... ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. ...
PHYS 1112 In-Class Exam #3B Thu. April 9, 2009, 2:00pm-3:15pm
PHYS 1112 In-Class Exam #3B Thu. April 9, 2009, 2:00pm-3:15pm

... Problem 9: Last time you checked you weighed in at 150kg. Also, some space alien sorority sisters, as part of their annual pledging ritual, have implanted a positive point charge in your brain. Now, to make matters worse, they’ve ordered you to jog on a straight north-south track to become suspended ...
O A RIGINAL RTICLE
O A RIGINAL RTICLE

... Required components of source side voltage and load side current can be extracted by the moving average window Fourier transforms. It is known that for obtaining the satisfied response from Fourier ...
table of contents
table of contents

Collector-Injection Modulator
Collector-Injection Modulator

... modulating signal) to vary the instantaneous plate voltage and current. These variations cause modulation of the carrier frequency. The carrier frequency is introduced through coupling capacitor Cc. The modulating frequency is introduced in series with the control grid bias through T1. As the modula ...
PAM2842 Description Pin Assignments
PAM2842 Description Pin Assignments

... Inductor Selection The inductance, peak current rating, series resistance, and physical size should all be considered when selecting an inductor. These factors affect the converter's operating mode, efficiency, maximum output load capability, transient response time, output voltage ripple, and cost. ...
High-voltage, High-current Darlington Transistor Array, ULN2003B
High-voltage, High-current Darlington Transistor Array, ULN2003B

accurate measurement of the mains frequency
accurate measurement of the mains frequency

PTC thermistors for overcurrent protection and as inrush
PTC thermistors for overcurrent protection and as inrush

Q1. The graph below shows how a sinusoidal alternating voltage
Q1. The graph below shows how a sinusoidal alternating voltage

... Oscilloscope 2 is used to check the calculated value of the voltage across R2. The screen of oscilloscope 2 is identical to that of oscilloscope 1 and both are set to the same time base. Oscilloscope 2 has the following range for voltage sensitivity: 1 V per div., 5 V per div., 10 V per div. and 15 ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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