1. PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF CHROMOSOMAL DISORDERS
... chromosome 21), Turner Syndrome (45X0) and Klinefelter's syndrome (a male with 2 X chromosomes). Other genetic changes may occur during the production of germ cells by the parent. One example is the triplet expansion repeat mutations which can cause fragile X syndrome or Huntington's disease. Defect ...
... chromosome 21), Turner Syndrome (45X0) and Klinefelter's syndrome (a male with 2 X chromosomes). Other genetic changes may occur during the production of germ cells by the parent. One example is the triplet expansion repeat mutations which can cause fragile X syndrome or Huntington's disease. Defect ...
Two Trait Crosses
... controlling the two different traits are located on nonhomologous chromosomes. During meiosis, nonhomologous chromosomes assort independently. This means that each of the chromosomes of any pair of homologous chromosomes has an equal probability of ending up in a gamete with either chromosome from a ...
... controlling the two different traits are located on nonhomologous chromosomes. During meiosis, nonhomologous chromosomes assort independently. This means that each of the chromosomes of any pair of homologous chromosomes has an equal probability of ending up in a gamete with either chromosome from a ...
Document
... • concluded that these genes do not assort independently – body color and wing size are inherited together – reasoned that they were on the same chromosome ...
... • concluded that these genes do not assort independently – body color and wing size are inherited together – reasoned that they were on the same chromosome ...
**Study all vocabulary terms!!** 1. Explain why people look like their
... 8. Be able to transcribe and translate a Gene into a protein using base pairing and the codon wheel. 9. Summarize crossing over and why is it important. 10. What are gametes? 11. Explain why gametes have half the regular number of chromosomes? 12. The chromosomes of a diploid cell can be compared to ...
... 8. Be able to transcribe and translate a Gene into a protein using base pairing and the codon wheel. 9. Summarize crossing over and why is it important. 10. What are gametes? 11. Explain why gametes have half the regular number of chromosomes? 12. The chromosomes of a diploid cell can be compared to ...
DNA Technology
... Recombinant DNA • Combining fragments of DNA from one source with fragments of DNA from another source • Usually involve the use of bacteria cells as the host – Plasmids – small, circular pieces of DNA in bacteria ...
... Recombinant DNA • Combining fragments of DNA from one source with fragments of DNA from another source • Usually involve the use of bacteria cells as the host – Plasmids – small, circular pieces of DNA in bacteria ...
Chapter 9
... The pairs are homologous (“the same”) • Except nonidentical sex chromosomes (X and Y) • Same length, shape, genes ...
... The pairs are homologous (“the same”) • Except nonidentical sex chromosomes (X and Y) • Same length, shape, genes ...
Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System
... – Motor neuron – a neuron located within the central nervous system that controls the contraction of a muscle or the secretion of a gland – Interneuron – A neuron located entirely within the ...
... – Motor neuron – a neuron located within the central nervous system that controls the contraction of a muscle or the secretion of a gland – Interneuron – A neuron located entirely within the ...
Science and Prokaryotes
... 11. Gram-___________ bacteria have many lipopolysaccharides on their cell wall, meaning they are ___________ resistant to antibiotics which prevent peptidoglycan cross-linking. a. Negative…more b. Negative…less c. Positive…less d. Positive…more 12. Bacterial cells, but not eukaryotic cells, possess ...
... 11. Gram-___________ bacteria have many lipopolysaccharides on their cell wall, meaning they are ___________ resistant to antibiotics which prevent peptidoglycan cross-linking. a. Negative…more b. Negative…less c. Positive…less d. Positive…more 12. Bacterial cells, but not eukaryotic cells, possess ...
Human Genetic Disorders
... Autosomal Disorders • Autosomal genetic disorders are caused by alleles on autosomes (chromosomes other than the sex chromosomes) • Most are recessive (need 2 recessive alleles to have the disorder) • People with 1 recessive allele are carriers – they do NOT have the disorder but are able to pass t ...
... Autosomal Disorders • Autosomal genetic disorders are caused by alleles on autosomes (chromosomes other than the sex chromosomes) • Most are recessive (need 2 recessive alleles to have the disorder) • People with 1 recessive allele are carriers – they do NOT have the disorder but are able to pass t ...
Human Genetic Disorders PowerPoint
... • Why are cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell anemia so common? • Sickle-cell anemia is most common in areas of the world where malaria is prevalent • Malaria is caused by a parasite that invades red blood cells • These parasites do not thrive in people with abnormal hemoglobin, so people with sickle-ce ...
... • Why are cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell anemia so common? • Sickle-cell anemia is most common in areas of the world where malaria is prevalent • Malaria is caused by a parasite that invades red blood cells • These parasites do not thrive in people with abnormal hemoglobin, so people with sickle-ce ...
Meiosis
... homologous chromosomes, or homologs • Chromosomes in a homologous pair are the same length and carry genes controlling the same inherited trait, although the version (allele) of that ...
... homologous chromosomes, or homologs • Chromosomes in a homologous pair are the same length and carry genes controlling the same inherited trait, although the version (allele) of that ...
Print
... 37. What affects the traits we have? 38. How do we get traits from our parents? 39. How many Chromosomes do we get from our parents? 40. How many Chromosomes do we have? Explain how we get them. 41. Why are we so different from our brothers and sisters? ...
... 37. What affects the traits we have? 38. How do we get traits from our parents? 39. How many Chromosomes do we get from our parents? 40. How many Chromosomes do we have? Explain how we get them. 41. Why are we so different from our brothers and sisters? ...
Document
... 5. If genes A and B are located on separate, nonhomologous chromosomes, will they follow Mendel’s law of independent assortment? Explain. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 6. If genes A and B are located at ...
... 5. If genes A and B are located on separate, nonhomologous chromosomes, will they follow Mendel’s law of independent assortment? Explain. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 6. If genes A and B are located at ...
Two supernumerary marker chromosomes
... therefore mainly result from the additional chromosome 6 material. In several metaphase spreads the marker chromosome 6 shows a ring formation and dicentric structure which originated from a sister chromatid exchange during DNA replication of the monocentric ring chromosome. Compared to other patien ...
... therefore mainly result from the additional chromosome 6 material. In several metaphase spreads the marker chromosome 6 shows a ring formation and dicentric structure which originated from a sister chromatid exchange during DNA replication of the monocentric ring chromosome. Compared to other patien ...
Wheat-barley hybrids
... excised and cultured on a sterile growth medium; even then few embryos survive (less than 1 percent). In the early 1970s Anthon Kruse, working in Denmark, discovered a simple embryo rescue technique. He placed the hybrid embryo on immature endosperm excised from the developing seed of one of the par ...
... excised and cultured on a sterile growth medium; even then few embryos survive (less than 1 percent). In the early 1970s Anthon Kruse, working in Denmark, discovered a simple embryo rescue technique. He placed the hybrid embryo on immature endosperm excised from the developing seed of one of the par ...
DNA and RNA Chapter 12-1
... 1. Structure must allow it to carry info from generation to generation 2. Structure must allow info to be put to work in the form of traits 3. Structure must be easily copied during mitosis ...
... 1. Structure must allow it to carry info from generation to generation 2. Structure must allow info to be put to work in the form of traits 3. Structure must be easily copied during mitosis ...
rough draft of genetic counselor letter
... Explain what chromosomes are and describe what information the DNA in the chromosomes carry ____/10__ Explain how meiosis could have caused abnormal chromosome number or structure as relates to your disease (e.g. nondisjunction, translocation, deletion…) ___/5_ Discuss what a karyotype is and ...
... Explain what chromosomes are and describe what information the DNA in the chromosomes carry ____/10__ Explain how meiosis could have caused abnormal chromosome number or structure as relates to your disease (e.g. nondisjunction, translocation, deletion…) ___/5_ Discuss what a karyotype is and ...
dna & cell division
... a. _DNA_ has been replicated – still in chromatin form. b. _Centrioles_ have been replicated in _animal_ cells only. This replication results in 2 pairs of centrioles, composed of _microtubules__. c. The _nuclear envelope_ and _nucleolus are still present. ...
... a. _DNA_ has been replicated – still in chromatin form. b. _Centrioles_ have been replicated in _animal_ cells only. This replication results in 2 pairs of centrioles, composed of _microtubules__. c. The _nuclear envelope_ and _nucleolus are still present. ...
8th Grade Science Cards Set 1
... the chromosome number that causes a child to be born with Down's syndrome D. the number of genes that are on a single strand of DNA ...
... the chromosome number that causes a child to be born with Down's syndrome D. the number of genes that are on a single strand of DNA ...
Answer Key
... Which chromosome mutation results when a part of one chromosome changes places with another part of the same chromosome? ...
... Which chromosome mutation results when a part of one chromosome changes places with another part of the same chromosome? ...
Chromosome
A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.