Characteristics, causes and evolutionary consequences of male
... genomes. It might also be argued that focusing on the same sequence inserted at many different locations in the genome reduces the confounding effects of mutation rate heterogeneity related to inherent features of the sequence context, like nucleotide composition. However, interspersed elements tend ...
... genomes. It might also be argued that focusing on the same sequence inserted at many different locations in the genome reduces the confounding effects of mutation rate heterogeneity related to inherent features of the sequence context, like nucleotide composition. However, interspersed elements tend ...
Probing the evolution of appendage specialization by
... low levels of PhUbx-I or PhUbx-II upon heat shock resulted in homeotic transformations toward thoracic identities, including ectopic coxal and tergal plates in the head and antennal-to-leg and Mx2-to-Mxp transformations (Fig. 3E). However, misexpression in transgenic lines that express near wild-typ ...
... low levels of PhUbx-I or PhUbx-II upon heat shock resulted in homeotic transformations toward thoracic identities, including ectopic coxal and tergal plates in the head and antennal-to-leg and Mx2-to-Mxp transformations (Fig. 3E). However, misexpression in transgenic lines that express near wild-typ ...
Mef2 gene expression marks the cardiac and skeletal muscle
... MEF2C was clearly expressed at high levels prior to the appearance of α-cardiac actin transcripts. Elsewhere in the embryo, MEF2C mRNA was not detected above background levels at this stage. MEF2C transcripts were detected at high levels by day 8.0 p.c. in the primitive cardiac tube and in the sinus ...
... MEF2C was clearly expressed at high levels prior to the appearance of α-cardiac actin transcripts. Elsewhere in the embryo, MEF2C mRNA was not detected above background levels at this stage. MEF2C transcripts were detected at high levels by day 8.0 p.c. in the primitive cardiac tube and in the sinus ...
Reciprocal deletion and duplication at 2q23.1 indicates a
... Copy number variations associated with abnormal gene dosage have an important role in the genetic etiology of many neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disability (ID) and autism. We hypothesize that the chromosome 2q23.1 region encompassing MBD5 is a dosage-dependent region, wherein ...
... Copy number variations associated with abnormal gene dosage have an important role in the genetic etiology of many neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disability (ID) and autism. We hypothesize that the chromosome 2q23.1 region encompassing MBD5 is a dosage-dependent region, wherein ...
Mendelian Genetics— patterns of Inheritance
... Gametes are formed during meiosis. As you learned in Chapter 4, during anaphase of meiosis I (Section 4.2 Figure 4), homologous chromosomes separate. This ensures that each gamete receives only one chromosome from the pair and therefore receives only one allele for each gene. In other words, only on ...
... Gametes are formed during meiosis. As you learned in Chapter 4, during anaphase of meiosis I (Section 4.2 Figure 4), homologous chromosomes separate. This ensures that each gamete receives only one chromosome from the pair and therefore receives only one allele for each gene. In other words, only on ...
Congenital hereditary cataracts
... were identified suffering from ocular developmental abnormalities (in one case, cataract is associated with anterior segment dysgenesis and microphthalmia; in the other case, cataract is associated with microcornea and iris coloboma). In the first family, congenital cataract co-segregated with a tra ...
... were identified suffering from ocular developmental abnormalities (in one case, cataract is associated with anterior segment dysgenesis and microphthalmia; in the other case, cataract is associated with microcornea and iris coloboma). In the first family, congenital cataract co-segregated with a tra ...
Polyploidy
... • X chromosomes in females provide twice the genes, as in males, – Drosophila: female genes are expressed at 50% of the male levels, – Mammals: one X chromosome in females is silenced. ...
... • X chromosomes in females provide twice the genes, as in males, – Drosophila: female genes are expressed at 50% of the male levels, – Mammals: one X chromosome in females is silenced. ...
microbial genetics
... A better plasmid classification system uses intrinsic properties such as transfer, replication, maintenance mechanisms, and drug resistance and colicin production. In bacteria, plasmid transfer occurs through transformation and conjugation. Often it is useful to transfer a nontransmissible plasmid t ...
... A better plasmid classification system uses intrinsic properties such as transfer, replication, maintenance mechanisms, and drug resistance and colicin production. In bacteria, plasmid transfer occurs through transformation and conjugation. Often it is useful to transfer a nontransmissible plasmid t ...
Androgenesis from Festuca pratensis Ч Lolium multiЇorum
... complementary agronomic characters, hybridize naturally, and as hybrids regularly exchange genes at high frequency (Canter et al., 1999). Androgenesis was found to be an eective procedure for selecting Lolium±Festuca genotypes comprising gene combinations rarely or never recovered by conventional b ...
... complementary agronomic characters, hybridize naturally, and as hybrids regularly exchange genes at high frequency (Canter et al., 1999). Androgenesis was found to be an eective procedure for selecting Lolium±Festuca genotypes comprising gene combinations rarely or never recovered by conventional b ...
Mapping Our Genes 13. - mt
... Q.III (C) Write short notes for the following : *1. Darwin’s theory of evolution. Ans. 1. Darwin’s theory of evolution is based on natural selection. 2. On the basis of observations, Darwin suggested that only the fittest survive. All those plants and animals which are not fit, die. 3. These fit spe ...
... Q.III (C) Write short notes for the following : *1. Darwin’s theory of evolution. Ans. 1. Darwin’s theory of evolution is based on natural selection. 2. On the basis of observations, Darwin suggested that only the fittest survive. All those plants and animals which are not fit, die. 3. These fit spe ...
Two Cases of Pure Hair Nail Ectodermal Dysplasia in Two Yemeni
... EDs are rare group of genodermatoses affecting tissues of ectodermal origin namely: hair, nails, teeth, and sweat glands. Freire-Maia and Pinheiro proposed the first classification system for ectodermal dysplasias in 1982, with additional updates in 1994 and 2001 [3,4]. PHNED are very rare subtype o ...
... EDs are rare group of genodermatoses affecting tissues of ectodermal origin namely: hair, nails, teeth, and sweat glands. Freire-Maia and Pinheiro proposed the first classification system for ectodermal dysplasias in 1982, with additional updates in 1994 and 2001 [3,4]. PHNED are very rare subtype o ...
Variability of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) alleles located on
... This study used molecular markers that have been shown to be involved in the regulation of PPO activity located on chromosomes 2A, 2B, and 2D (Chang et al., 2007; Fuerst et al., 2008; Ge et al., 2004; Han et al., 2006; He et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2008; Wang et al., 2009). A study investigating the ...
... This study used molecular markers that have been shown to be involved in the regulation of PPO activity located on chromosomes 2A, 2B, and 2D (Chang et al., 2007; Fuerst et al., 2008; Ge et al., 2004; Han et al., 2006; He et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2008; Wang et al., 2009). A study investigating the ...
PERSPECTIVES IN HUMAN GENETICS Mendelian Inheritance in
... the preface of MIM122 listed 11 disorders that have both dominant and recessive forms resulting from different mutations in the same gene. Some mutations that cause absent function of the protein—that is, null mutations— produce phenotypic effects only with homozygosity; missense mutations may cause ...
... the preface of MIM122 listed 11 disorders that have both dominant and recessive forms resulting from different mutations in the same gene. Some mutations that cause absent function of the protein—that is, null mutations— produce phenotypic effects only with homozygosity; missense mutations may cause ...
Consulta: subjectFacets:"Phenotype" Registros recuperados: 25
... Autores: LESSA, L. S.; LEDO, C. A. da S.; SANTOS, V. da S.; FLORES, P. S. A mandioca se destaca por ser uma das culturas mais consumidas e de maior importância no mundo, sendo cultivada principalmente, por pequenos e médios produtores rurais. É uma das culturas agrícolas de maior expressão no Brasil ...
... Autores: LESSA, L. S.; LEDO, C. A. da S.; SANTOS, V. da S.; FLORES, P. S. A mandioca se destaca por ser uma das culturas mais consumidas e de maior importância no mundo, sendo cultivada principalmente, por pequenos e médios produtores rurais. É uma das culturas agrícolas de maior expressão no Brasil ...
Altruism as a Tool for optimization: Literature Review
... A truly altruistic deed must not be motivated by the desire to of recipient and decrease fitness of donor. The fitness of donor gain some personal benefit, either in the short or long term. still decrease until the donor dies. Altruism improve solution Our action is not considered altruistic if the ...
... A truly altruistic deed must not be motivated by the desire to of recipient and decrease fitness of donor. The fitness of donor gain some personal benefit, either in the short or long term. still decrease until the donor dies. Altruism improve solution Our action is not considered altruistic if the ...
Resistance genes in barley - Journal of Applied Genetics
... Some disease resistance genes (R genes) contain conserved sequence motifs, like the nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and leucine-rich repeats (LRR). An interesting feature of this class of R genes is that they are involved in gene-for-gene resistance towards either fungal, viral, bacterial or nematode ...
... Some disease resistance genes (R genes) contain conserved sequence motifs, like the nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and leucine-rich repeats (LRR). An interesting feature of this class of R genes is that they are involved in gene-for-gene resistance towards either fungal, viral, bacterial or nematode ...
genetic variability, twin hybrids and constant hybrids, in a case of
... away with this heterozygosis. Moreover, these latter postulates were, after all, much more unusual than the other two, and so the more important part of the problem still remained with only a vague and entirely hypothetical explanation. I t is true that DEXTERhad found that the intensifying factor i ...
... away with this heterozygosis. Moreover, these latter postulates were, after all, much more unusual than the other two, and so the more important part of the problem still remained with only a vague and entirely hypothetical explanation. I t is true that DEXTERhad found that the intensifying factor i ...
出國報告電子檔規格
... and aneuploidy are the hallmarks of neoplasia (19). Amplification is one of the mechanisms that leads to an increase in activity of oncogenes and development of drug resistance (20, 21), while allelic deletion results in inactivation of tumor suppressors. Identification and characterization of genes ...
... and aneuploidy are the hallmarks of neoplasia (19). Amplification is one of the mechanisms that leads to an increase in activity of oncogenes and development of drug resistance (20, 21), while allelic deletion results in inactivation of tumor suppressors. Identification and characterization of genes ...
The amphioxus hairy family: differential fate after duplication.
... fish) for hairy-enhancer of split related plus a number that most probably reflect the temporal order of cloning. Thus, it is not easy to realize that the mouse HES1 gene is the pro-ortholog of the zebrafish her6 and her9 genes, unless a phylogenetic tree is made. On the other hand, zebrafish her1 i ...
... fish) for hairy-enhancer of split related plus a number that most probably reflect the temporal order of cloning. Thus, it is not easy to realize that the mouse HES1 gene is the pro-ortholog of the zebrafish her6 and her9 genes, unless a phylogenetic tree is made. On the other hand, zebrafish her1 i ...
15_chapter 5
... representations have restriction on size of evolving programs. If there is no restriction, then it would lead to increase in size of evolving programs and further lead to swamping of available computational resources. Size restriction is implemented in two ways. Depth limitation restricts the size o ...
... representations have restriction on size of evolving programs. If there is no restriction, then it would lead to increase in size of evolving programs and further lead to swamping of available computational resources. Size restriction is implemented in two ways. Depth limitation restricts the size o ...
Plasmid replication and control
... general rule that small plasmids tend to have a high copy number, sometimes over 100 copies per cell, whereas larger plasmids may be present in one or a few copies per cell. Certain classes of plasmids are capable of horizontal transmission from one bacterium to another. In most cases the recipient ...
... general rule that small plasmids tend to have a high copy number, sometimes over 100 copies per cell, whereas larger plasmids may be present in one or a few copies per cell. Certain classes of plasmids are capable of horizontal transmission from one bacterium to another. In most cases the recipient ...
Transcription
... a general non-specific affinity for DNA, which is referred to as loose binding that is fairly stable. • The addition of s factor to the core enzyme markedly reduces the holoenzyme affinity for non-specific binding by 20 000-fold, and enhances the holoenzyme binding to correct promoter sites 100 time ...
... a general non-specific affinity for DNA, which is referred to as loose binding that is fairly stable. • The addition of s factor to the core enzyme markedly reduces the holoenzyme affinity for non-specific binding by 20 000-fold, and enhances the holoenzyme binding to correct promoter sites 100 time ...
Natural Selection, Infectious Transfer and the Existence Conditions
... What happens when selective conditions fluctuate? For example, what happens when  is replaced by (t) ⱖ ⫺1, a sometimes-negative function of time? Though either chromosomals or plasmid-free cells will be favored at any given time, can plasmids persist over the long-term under fluctuating selection? ...
... What happens when selective conditions fluctuate? For example, what happens when  is replaced by (t) ⱖ ⫺1, a sometimes-negative function of time? Though either chromosomals or plasmid-free cells will be favored at any given time, can plasmids persist over the long-term under fluctuating selection? ...
Staphylococcus aureus CC395 harbours a novel
... than transduction. Thus S. aureus CC395 may serve as a hub for the continuous exchange of CRISPR as well as antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes between CoNS and S. aureus. ...
... than transduction. Thus S. aureus CC395 may serve as a hub for the continuous exchange of CRISPR as well as antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes between CoNS and S. aureus. ...
X-inactivation
X-inactivation (also called lyonization) is a process by which one of the two copies of the X chromosome present in female mammals is inactivated. The inactive X chromosome is silenced by its being packaged in such a way that it has a transcriptionally inactive structure called heterochromatin. As nearly all female mammals have two X chromosomes, X-inactivation prevents them from having twice as many X chromosome gene products as males, who only possess a single copy of the X chromosome (see dosage compensation). The choice of which X chromosome will be inactivated is random in placental mammals such as humans, but once an X chromosome is inactivated it will remain inactive throughout the lifetime of the cell and its descendants in the organism. Unlike the random X-inactivation in placental mammals, inactivation in marsupials applies exclusively to the paternally derived X chromosome.