The Sensorimotor System
... side of the body contralateral to a brain lesion (not a simple sensory or motor deficit). Often associated with large lesions of the right posterior parietal lobe. ...
... side of the body contralateral to a brain lesion (not a simple sensory or motor deficit). Often associated with large lesions of the right posterior parietal lobe. ...
Adaptive, behaviorally gated, persistent encoding of task
... • Studies of prefrontal cortex (PFC) have provided considerable evidence for it being involved in high-level executive functions. ...
... • Studies of prefrontal cortex (PFC) have provided considerable evidence for it being involved in high-level executive functions. ...
No Slide Title - Ohio University
... • “…Perhaps the last frontier of science – its ultimate challenge- is to understand the biological basis of consciousness and the mental process by which we perceive, act, learn and remember..” from Principles of Neural Science by E. R. Kandel et al. E. R. Kandel won Nobel Price in 2000 for his work ...
... • “…Perhaps the last frontier of science – its ultimate challenge- is to understand the biological basis of consciousness and the mental process by which we perceive, act, learn and remember..” from Principles of Neural Science by E. R. Kandel et al. E. R. Kandel won Nobel Price in 2000 for his work ...
Final review quiz
... True or False: A single cell in the brain can be uniquely responsible for an action or perception. ...
... True or False: A single cell in the brain can be uniquely responsible for an action or perception. ...
1 - U-System
... - Cortical areas project to other areas in same hemisphere (ipsilateral); to neighboring areas via short U-fibers that dip under one or two sulci; to faraway areas through longer association bundles (arcuate fasciculus is one that arcs above insula and interconnects anterior and posterior parts of a ...
... - Cortical areas project to other areas in same hemisphere (ipsilateral); to neighboring areas via short U-fibers that dip under one or two sulci; to faraway areas through longer association bundles (arcuate fasciculus is one that arcs above insula and interconnects anterior and posterior parts of a ...
Executive function
... with non-executive tests. Moreover, factor analysis reveals the presence of multiple distinct factors in scores derived from batteries of executive function tests. It therefore seems unlikely that executive function refers to a single, undifferentiated cognitive process. There are many other sources ...
... with non-executive tests. Moreover, factor analysis reveals the presence of multiple distinct factors in scores derived from batteries of executive function tests. It therefore seems unlikely that executive function refers to a single, undifferentiated cognitive process. There are many other sources ...
In cognitive neuroscience, the prefrontal cortex represents a kind of
... response properties of neurons in sensory areas is not adequate for investigation in PFC. Indeed, if one is to examine PFC for evidence of information integration, ...
... response properties of neurons in sensory areas is not adequate for investigation in PFC. Indeed, if one is to examine PFC for evidence of information integration, ...
Ch 12. Executive Functions and Frontal Lobes Introduction
... One of the cardinal features of human cognition is that we exhibit great flexibility in our behavior. Flexibility implies choice, and choice entails competition between alternatives. Describe some of the neural systems involved in response selection. Review and contrast some of the ways in which the ...
... One of the cardinal features of human cognition is that we exhibit great flexibility in our behavior. Flexibility implies choice, and choice entails competition between alternatives. Describe some of the neural systems involved in response selection. Review and contrast some of the ways in which the ...
Central Nervous System: The Brain and Spinal Cord
... Composed of gray matter All interneurons ! No functional area acts alone! ...
... Composed of gray matter All interneurons ! No functional area acts alone! ...
Cerebral cortex and thalamus lecture
... The basal ganglia • Strongly connected with cortex, thalamus and other brain areas • Involved in movements disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (substantia nigra) and Huntington’s disease (striatum) ...
... The basal ganglia • Strongly connected with cortex, thalamus and other brain areas • Involved in movements disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (substantia nigra) and Huntington’s disease (striatum) ...
Motor Systems I Cortex
... highest level, muscles at the lowest • signals flow between levels over multiple paths Motor output is guided by sensory input ...
... highest level, muscles at the lowest • signals flow between levels over multiple paths Motor output is guided by sensory input ...
Basic Pattern of the Central Nervous System
... • Auditory association area – Located posterior to the primary auditory cortex – ____________________________________ and permits perception of sounds ...
... • Auditory association area – Located posterior to the primary auditory cortex – ____________________________________ and permits perception of sounds ...
Cerebral Cortex and Corpus Callosum
... Each location in the sensory cortex represents touch sensations and body location information from a different body part. The entire body is mapped on the cortex. The top of the cortex begins with your toes and each body part has a location along the cortex until it reaches the face and tongue. The ...
... Each location in the sensory cortex represents touch sensations and body location information from a different body part. The entire body is mapped on the cortex. The top of the cortex begins with your toes and each body part has a location along the cortex until it reaches the face and tongue. The ...
A circuitous journey “to and through” the TEEN BRAIN
... • Opened the door to understanding the brain’s “plasticity” • made a big splash when he reported findings on how the number of synapses change from prenatal to adolescence • Found that at times, synapses were forming in a new brain at the incredible rate of 3 billion/second • 28 week old fetus—124 m ...
... • Opened the door to understanding the brain’s “plasticity” • made a big splash when he reported findings on how the number of synapses change from prenatal to adolescence • Found that at times, synapses were forming in a new brain at the incredible rate of 3 billion/second • 28 week old fetus—124 m ...
Comparative Neuroanatomy of Mammals, Birds, Turtles and Lizards
... equivalent with birds and equivalent to the thalamorecipient cells in the ...
... equivalent with birds and equivalent to the thalamorecipient cells in the ...
Lateral prefrontal cortex
... area was present in other animals. • The lateral prefrontal cortex is present in all primates but is absent in other animals including other mammals (Striedter GF, 2005; Petrides, ...
... area was present in other animals. • The lateral prefrontal cortex is present in all primates but is absent in other animals including other mammals (Striedter GF, 2005; Petrides, ...
The Cerebral Cortex
... 12.2, a somatosensory and motor homunculus is drawn to explain which functions of the body take up more or less space on the cortex. Using that diagram, answer the following questions Which area(s) of the body is/are depicted as overly Why would these structures need greater space in large in the mo ...
... 12.2, a somatosensory and motor homunculus is drawn to explain which functions of the body take up more or less space on the cortex. Using that diagram, answer the following questions Which area(s) of the body is/are depicted as overly Why would these structures need greater space in large in the mo ...
Modeling the Evolution of Decision Rules in the Human Brain
... The system reaches a LOCAL minimum for V, but it may not be the GLOBAL minimum. Kirkpatrick et al. (1983) and Hinton and ...
... The system reaches a LOCAL minimum for V, but it may not be the GLOBAL minimum. Kirkpatrick et al. (1983) and Hinton and ...
Neuroeconomics and the Social Brain Henrik Walter (-frankfurt.de) Peter Kenning (-muenster.de)
... conclude that personal attributes like “labile” or “unsteady” may be rooted deeply in the person’s neuronal characteristics of a phylogenetically old neural network which not only relates facts into behavioral consequences but also assesses the potential relevance of information, even if this is for ...
... conclude that personal attributes like “labile” or “unsteady” may be rooted deeply in the person’s neuronal characteristics of a phylogenetically old neural network which not only relates facts into behavioral consequences but also assesses the potential relevance of information, even if this is for ...
Discovering spatial working memory fields in prefrontal cortex
... observation that all spatial locations tested in the experiment were represented across recorded neurons, the authors concluded that different prefrontal cells encode and store in working memory different spatial locations so that, “this area of the cortex contains a complete ‘memory’ map of visual ...
... observation that all spatial locations tested in the experiment were represented across recorded neurons, the authors concluded that different prefrontal cells encode and store in working memory different spatial locations so that, “this area of the cortex contains a complete ‘memory’ map of visual ...
Discovering spatial working memory fields in prefrontal cortex
... observation that all spatial locations tested in the experiment were represented across recorded neurons, the authors concluded that different prefrontal cells encode and store in working memory different spatial locations so that, “this area of the cortex contains a complete ‘memory’ map of visual ...
... observation that all spatial locations tested in the experiment were represented across recorded neurons, the authors concluded that different prefrontal cells encode and store in working memory different spatial locations so that, “this area of the cortex contains a complete ‘memory’ map of visual ...
Modern neuroscience is based on ideas derived
... and outputs of small or large brain areas, a column, layer, or single neurons. Using tracers we learned, for example, that connections between any two structures are generally reciprocal. Initially all but Cortex, (2004) 40, 000-000 ...
... and outputs of small or large brain areas, a column, layer, or single neurons. Using tracers we learned, for example, that connections between any two structures are generally reciprocal. Initially all but Cortex, (2004) 40, 000-000 ...
Transformation of Psychiatry into the Clinical Neuroscience of
... and the Dorsomedial prefrontal cortex during automatic attentional control and automatic emotion regulation paradigms in adult bipolar disorder. Structural abnormalities in the dorsal and ventral prefrontal cortices, including left-sided abnormalities in the in the integrity of white matter tracts i ...
... and the Dorsomedial prefrontal cortex during automatic attentional control and automatic emotion regulation paradigms in adult bipolar disorder. Structural abnormalities in the dorsal and ventral prefrontal cortices, including left-sided abnormalities in the in the integrity of white matter tracts i ...
Quiz 10
... c. Detection of emotionally relevant stimuli d. Motor signals arising from the caudate nucleus e. Ascending tactile signals 4. Moral judgments that involve deciding to harm another person ______ activity within the ________. a. Decrease; ventromedial prefrontal cortex b. Increase; motor cortex c. In ...
... c. Detection of emotionally relevant stimuli d. Motor signals arising from the caudate nucleus e. Ascending tactile signals 4. Moral judgments that involve deciding to harm another person ______ activity within the ________. a. Decrease; ventromedial prefrontal cortex b. Increase; motor cortex c. In ...
Prefrontal cortex
In mammalian brain anatomy, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the cerebral cortex which covers the front part of the frontal lobe. The PFC contains Brodmann areas 9, 10, 11, 12, 46, and 47.Many authors have indicated an integral link between a person's personality and the functions of the prefrontal cortex. This brain region has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behavior, personality expression, decision making, and moderating social behavior. The basic activity of this brain region is considered to be orchestration of thoughts and actions in accordance with internal goals. Destruction of the anterior two-thirds results in deficits in concentration, orientation, abstracting ability, judgment, and problem solving ability; destruction of the orbital (frontal) lobe results in inappropriate social behavior.The most typical psychological term for functions carried out by the prefrontal cortex area is executive function. Executive function relates to abilities to differentiate among conflicting thoughts, determine good and bad, better and best, same and different, future consequences of current activities, working toward a defined goal, prediction of outcomes, expectation based on actions, and social ""control"" (the ability to suppress urges that, if not suppressed, could lead to socially unacceptable outcomes).Frontal cortex supports concrete rule learning. More anterior regions along the rostro-caudal axis of frontal cortex support rule learning at higher levels of abstraction.