Gradient, divergence, curl, their integrals, and their role in
... The Curl or rotor of a vector field V(x, y, z) is another vector field curl V(x, y, z) which measure the vorticity of the V field. Specifically, the x component of the curl V measure the vorticity of the V field in the yz plane (and thus around the x axis), and likewise for the y and z components. ...
... The Curl or rotor of a vector field V(x, y, z) is another vector field curl V(x, y, z) which measure the vorticity of the V field. Specifically, the x component of the curl V measure the vorticity of the V field in the yz plane (and thus around the x axis), and likewise for the y and z components. ...
Fibrous proteins
... the walls of large arteries, and elastic ligaments. They can be stretched to several times their normal length, but recoil to their original shape when the stretching force is relaxed. ...
... the walls of large arteries, and elastic ligaments. They can be stretched to several times their normal length, but recoil to their original shape when the stretching force is relaxed. ...
Vectors 101
... Triangle method: a) Place the first vector with its tail at the origin. b) Place the second vector with its tail at the tip of the first vector. c) If there is a third, fourth, fifth etc… vector, continue with this tail to tip procedure. d) Draw the resultant from the origin to the tip of the last v ...
... Triangle method: a) Place the first vector with its tail at the origin. b) Place the second vector with its tail at the tip of the first vector. c) If there is a third, fourth, fifth etc… vector, continue with this tail to tip procedure. d) Draw the resultant from the origin to the tip of the last v ...
Coronene and pyrene (5, 7)-member ring defects: Infrared spectra
... lines are shifted in the defect state. The addition of defects leads to more bands than found in the normal molecules. For better comparison with the UIR bands, dashed lines are drawn at 6.2 µm, 6.9 µm, 7.7 µm and 8.6 µm. In Fig. 3 the 10 - 15 µm region of the spectra is shown. The lines in this are ...
... lines are shifted in the defect state. The addition of defects leads to more bands than found in the normal molecules. For better comparison with the UIR bands, dashed lines are drawn at 6.2 µm, 6.9 µm, 7.7 µm and 8.6 µm. In Fig. 3 the 10 - 15 µm region of the spectra is shown. The lines in this are ...
The fraction of DA white dwarfs with kilo
... (WD 2007−303) would be the most convincing for a positive detection. The probability that two independent and uncorrelated observations of a single star have that level of confidence can be estimated in the following way: the likelihood that an observation exceeds 2σ is 4.6%; therefore, the chance t ...
... (WD 2007−303) would be the most convincing for a positive detection. The probability that two independent and uncorrelated observations of a single star have that level of confidence can be estimated in the following way: the likelihood that an observation exceeds 2σ is 4.6%; therefore, the chance t ...
Welcome to AP Biology. I look forward to working
... biology you studied as a freshman, as well as chemistry from junior year. By reviewing this over the summer, we gain valuable class time needed to prepare for the AP test in May. The Chapter 1-5 test will take place during our second full class meeting. In order to help you prepare for this test, I ...
... biology you studied as a freshman, as well as chemistry from junior year. By reviewing this over the summer, we gain valuable class time needed to prepare for the AP test in May. The Chapter 1-5 test will take place during our second full class meeting. In order to help you prepare for this test, I ...
Example 2 Monte Carlo Simulation
... • Fitch method counts the minimum number of nucleotide changes required to achieve the observed variation, but this method treats both synonymous and non-synonymous changes equally ...
... • Fitch method counts the minimum number of nucleotide changes required to achieve the observed variation, but this method treats both synonymous and non-synonymous changes equally ...
Circular dichroism
Circular dichroism (CD) is dichroism involving circularly polarized light, i.e., the differential absorption of left- and right-handed light. Left-hand circular (LHC) and right-hand circular (RHC) polarized light represent two possible spin angular momentum states for a photon, and so circular dichroism is also referred to as dichroism for spin angular momentum. This phenomenon was discovered by Jean-Baptiste Biot, Augustin Fresnel, and Aimé Cotton in the first half of the 19th century. It is exhibited in the absorption bands of optically active chiral molecules. CD spectroscopy has a wide range of applications in many different fields. Most notably, UV CD is used to investigate the secondary structure of proteins. UV/Vis CD is used to investigate charge-transfer transitions. Near-infrared CD is used to investigate geometric and electronic structure by probing metal d→d transitions. Vibrational circular dichroism, which uses light from the infrared energy region, is used for structural studies of small organic molecules, and most recently proteins and DNA.