Chapter 11: Behaviorism
... ● By early twentieth century, emphasis on what can be directly observed, excluding science concepts such as “atom” and “electron” could not be sustained - Positivism began to change into logical positivism ● Two main aspects of logical positivism: 1. Formal axiomatization of theories 2. The operatio ...
... ● By early twentieth century, emphasis on what can be directly observed, excluding science concepts such as “atom” and “electron” could not be sustained - Positivism began to change into logical positivism ● Two main aspects of logical positivism: 1. Formal axiomatization of theories 2. The operatio ...
The Evolution of Human Emotions
... been observed by researchers (who have a behavioral bias and, in fact, have a hard time understanding what social structures is). She compared these findings with a similar analysis of representative species of monkeys which, as I will note shortly, is important in cladistic analysis. The finding on ...
... been observed by researchers (who have a behavioral bias and, in fact, have a hard time understanding what social structures is). She compared these findings with a similar analysis of representative species of monkeys which, as I will note shortly, is important in cladistic analysis. The finding on ...
Niche construction in evolutionary theory: the construction
... suspect that NCT is less a serious and consequential evolutionary theory and more an example of ...
... suspect that NCT is less a serious and consequential evolutionary theory and more an example of ...
Chapter 1
... which people are helpful in one situation is NOT highly related to how prosocial they are in another situation. Personality is not the only determinant of whether people will help, at least across ...
... which people are helpful in one situation is NOT highly related to how prosocial they are in another situation. Personality is not the only determinant of whether people will help, at least across ...
and Empirical Studies - The University of New Mexico
... be converted into energy through work. The acquisition of energy takes time, and the more time available for energy acquisition, the more energy can be acquired. In addition, time, invested in growth and development in combination with energy, can be used to affect the rate at which energy is acquir ...
... be converted into energy through work. The acquisition of energy takes time, and the more time available for energy acquisition, the more energy can be acquired. In addition, time, invested in growth and development in combination with energy, can be used to affect the rate at which energy is acquir ...
Curriculum Vitæ - Universidade de Coimbra
... • Head of the Department of Informatics Engineering of the University of Coimbra (1997-1999) • Head of the Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra (CISUC) (1998-2000) • Head of the Scientific Board of the Department of Informatics Engineering of the University of Coimbra (200 ...
... • Head of the Department of Informatics Engineering of the University of Coimbra (1997-1999) • Head of the Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra (CISUC) (1998-2000) • Head of the Scientific Board of the Department of Informatics Engineering of the University of Coimbra (200 ...
The Evolution of Intergenerational Discounting in Offspring Quality
... the one between investing in current versus future reproduction (residual reproductive value; Williams 1966; Charnov and Krebs 1974): assume that at any point in time, the organism’s energy budget can be divided into two parts—one for current reproduction and one for survival and future reproduction ...
... the one between investing in current versus future reproduction (residual reproductive value; Williams 1966; Charnov and Krebs 1974): assume that at any point in time, the organism’s energy budget can be divided into two parts—one for current reproduction and one for survival and future reproduction ...
Evolution, Science, and Society: Evolutionary Biology
... Biological evolution consists of change in the hereditary characteristics of groups of organisms over the course of generations. Groups of organisms, termed populations and species, are formed by the division of ancestral populations or species, and the descendant groups then change independently. H ...
... Biological evolution consists of change in the hereditary characteristics of groups of organisms over the course of generations. Groups of organisms, termed populations and species, are formed by the division of ancestral populations or species, and the descendant groups then change independently. H ...
The Evolutionary Biology of Decision Making
... offsetting the benefits of higher food intake. Natural selection optimizes total net fitness across all domains of an organism's survival and reproduction, thereby constraining optimization in any single domain. Second, natural selection does not act as a designer, creating traits de novo. Rather, i ...
... offsetting the benefits of higher food intake. Natural selection optimizes total net fitness across all domains of an organism's survival and reproduction, thereby constraining optimization in any single domain. Second, natural selection does not act as a designer, creating traits de novo. Rather, i ...
parent-offspring conflict over mating: a replication and extension study
... found that individuals consider an unattractive mating candidate more unacceptable than they think their parents would. Parent-offspring conflict over mating is not confined only to genetic quality. It has been argued that historically a preference for a mating candidate with good family background ...
... found that individuals consider an unattractive mating candidate more unacceptable than they think their parents would. Parent-offspring conflict over mating is not confined only to genetic quality. It has been argued that historically a preference for a mating candidate with good family background ...
An Introduction to Psychology
... is not only to process that information but to store and retrieve it when it is required to be used. Attention and perception help to process information. Memory helps us to register, retain and retrieve information, and thinking provides us the ability to manipulate and improve the stored informati ...
... is not only to process that information but to store and retrieve it when it is required to be used. Attention and perception help to process information. Memory helps us to register, retain and retrieve information, and thinking provides us the ability to manipulate and improve the stored informati ...
Hidden Randomness between Fitness Landscapes
... experimental fitness landscapes, yielding statistical information about the fraction of adaptations that are reversible. We therefore consider all pairs of alleles with a fitness trade-off on our measured landscapes. For example, even on the partial landscape shown in Fig. 2(b), there is another pai ...
... experimental fitness landscapes, yielding statistical information about the fraction of adaptations that are reversible. We therefore consider all pairs of alleles with a fitness trade-off on our measured landscapes. For example, even on the partial landscape shown in Fig. 2(b), there is another pai ...
Where is behavioural ecology going?
... J.R. Krebs and N.B Davies [1] The romantic era of behavioural ecology The core ideas that underlie modern behavioural ecology can be traced to a period during the 1960s and1970s when a remarkable series of papers demonstrated that simple adaptive models, such as the marginal value theorem, could be ...
... J.R. Krebs and N.B Davies [1] The romantic era of behavioural ecology The core ideas that underlie modern behavioural ecology can be traced to a period during the 1960s and1970s when a remarkable series of papers demonstrated that simple adaptive models, such as the marginal value theorem, could be ...
The evolutionary synthesis and Th. Dobzhansky
... mutations have been found out at a number of objects, except of drosophila‖, that ―mutations are not a rarity‖, mutations differ slightly each other very often, and ―changes, produced by mutation, are founded out only with a careful studying of an organism‖. Therefore, Dobzhansky concluded, a value ...
... mutations have been found out at a number of objects, except of drosophila‖, that ―mutations are not a rarity‖, mutations differ slightly each other very often, and ―changes, produced by mutation, are founded out only with a careful studying of an organism‖. Therefore, Dobzhansky concluded, a value ...
in PDF - Département de Biologie
... maturity is conditional on her mother’s survival during the rearing time ...
... maturity is conditional on her mother’s survival during the rearing time ...
Evolutionary Connectionism: Algorithmic Principles Underlying the
... Post and Palkovacs 2009; Schoener 2011; Müller 2007), the details of the relationships in an ecological community have a significant effect on the selective pressures acting on component species (evo / eco). For example, the prevalence of a particular resource or competitor may be strongly influenc ...
... Post and Palkovacs 2009; Schoener 2011; Müller 2007), the details of the relationships in an ecological community have a significant effect on the selective pressures acting on component species (evo / eco). For example, the prevalence of a particular resource or competitor may be strongly influenc ...
Evolutionarily stable disequilibrium: endless dynamics of evolution
... mutation-selection balance. According to the above notion of evolution, no evolutionary changes are expected to occur at such equilibrium, except random fluctuations due to genetic drift. Although this notion is likely to be valid under many circumstances, does it exhaust the possible dynamics of ev ...
... mutation-selection balance. According to the above notion of evolution, no evolutionary changes are expected to occur at such equilibrium, except random fluctuations due to genetic drift. Although this notion is likely to be valid under many circumstances, does it exhaust the possible dynamics of ev ...
Evolutionarily stable disequilibrium: endless
... mutation-selection balance. According to the above notion of evolution, no evolutionary changes are expected to occur at such equilibrium, except random fluctuations due to genetic drift. Although this notion is likely to be valid under many circumstances, does it exhaust the possible dynamics of ev ...
... mutation-selection balance. According to the above notion of evolution, no evolutionary changes are expected to occur at such equilibrium, except random fluctuations due to genetic drift. Although this notion is likely to be valid under many circumstances, does it exhaust the possible dynamics of ev ...
DOBZHANSKY ON EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS
... For Filipchenko, these distinctions may be applied only at or below the level of Linnean species, i.e., to individuals, pure lines (biotypes), Jordanons (races or subspecies) or species. "In this regard we go no further, ..., that is [not] beyond the species, for we hold that one must understand by ...
... For Filipchenko, these distinctions may be applied only at or below the level of Linnean species, i.e., to individuals, pure lines (biotypes), Jordanons (races or subspecies) or species. "In this regard we go no further, ..., that is [not] beyond the species, for we hold that one must understand by ...
What Is Psychology - Methacton School District
... Phrenology was a faculty psychology, theory of brain and science of character reading, what the 19th-century phrenologists called "the only true science of mind." Phrenology was derived from the theories of the idiosyncratic Viennese physician Franz Joseph Gall (17581828). The basic tenets of Gall's ...
... Phrenology was a faculty psychology, theory of brain and science of character reading, what the 19th-century phrenologists called "the only true science of mind." Phrenology was derived from the theories of the idiosyncratic Viennese physician Franz Joseph Gall (17581828). The basic tenets of Gall's ...
Chapter 11: Behaviorism (18921956) Detailed Summary Notes New
... ● But it seems implausible to suggest that an animal will ever grasp meanings Not quite grasping the problem, Thorndike posed it as a matter of stimulus complexity more than as a problem of meaning. ● Objective psychologist faces difficulties defining the stimuli that control human behaviour Thorn ...
... ● But it seems implausible to suggest that an animal will ever grasp meanings Not quite grasping the problem, Thorndike posed it as a matter of stimulus complexity more than as a problem of meaning. ● Objective psychologist faces difficulties defining the stimuli that control human behaviour Thorn ...
Plasticity and evolution in correlated suites of traits
... this may not be the case, and flexibility in trait correlations could bias evolutionary trajectories. We examined genetic and environmental influences on variation and covariation in a suite of behavioural traits to understand if and how flexibility in trait correlations influences adaptation to nov ...
... this may not be the case, and flexibility in trait correlations could bias evolutionary trajectories. We examined genetic and environmental influences on variation and covariation in a suite of behavioural traits to understand if and how flexibility in trait correlations influences adaptation to nov ...
FREE Sample Here - Find the cheapest test bank for your
... 37. Which area of psychology might be best suited to investigate the following research question: what happens in our brain when we forget details about stressful life events, and how does this process affect behavior? A. structuralism B. behaviorism C. humanistic psychology D. cognitive neuroscienc ...
... 37. Which area of psychology might be best suited to investigate the following research question: what happens in our brain when we forget details about stressful life events, and how does this process affect behavior? A. structuralism B. behaviorism C. humanistic psychology D. cognitive neuroscienc ...
Adaptation and Evolutionary Theory
... granted; and so we expect variation among of Darwin's theory see Hull, 1973.) The alternatindividuals of a species. Their similarity needs ives of Darwin's day, e.g. divine intervention and explaining not their variation. (1) becomes less the unfolding of some predetermined plan, are no empty from o ...
... granted; and so we expect variation among of Darwin's theory see Hull, 1973.) The alternatindividuals of a species. Their similarity needs ives of Darwin's day, e.g. divine intervention and explaining not their variation. (1) becomes less the unfolding of some predetermined plan, are no empty from o ...