physiological plasticity in auditory cortex: rapid induction by learning
... and Diamond, in press), and wherever possible, are referenced in the text rather than repeated here. 2. Perspectives on Neuroplasticity Neuroplasticity has become a major focus in contemporary neurobiology. It is widely studied at several levels--subcellular, cellular, neuronal systems, behavioral-- ...
... and Diamond, in press), and wherever possible, are referenced in the text rather than repeated here. 2. Perspectives on Neuroplasticity Neuroplasticity has become a major focus in contemporary neurobiology. It is widely studied at several levels--subcellular, cellular, neuronal systems, behavioral-- ...
Clinically oriented anatomy of the brainstem
... A 45-year-old man complains to his family physician that there seems to be something wrong with his mouth. The examination reveals a weakness of the masticatory muscles, a deviation of the jaw to the left on closure, and a sensory loss on the same side of the lower jaw. MRI shows a tumor, presumably ...
... A 45-year-old man complains to his family physician that there seems to be something wrong with his mouth. The examination reveals a weakness of the masticatory muscles, a deviation of the jaw to the left on closure, and a sensory loss on the same side of the lower jaw. MRI shows a tumor, presumably ...
neurophysics.ucsd.edu
... prominent symptoms of many neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease for example, impaired coordination of breathing and swallowing contributes to dysphagia (e.g., difficulty in swallowing) and respiratory impairment [8,9], which form the leading cause of aspiration pneumon ...
... prominent symptoms of many neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease for example, impaired coordination of breathing and swallowing contributes to dysphagia (e.g., difficulty in swallowing) and respiratory impairment [8,9], which form the leading cause of aspiration pneumon ...
Normalization in human somatosensory cortex
... voxel responses are transformed into a small number of idealized channel responses, where the channels are selective for stimulus features. We have used this approach successfully to characterize the representation of color (Brouwer and Heeger 2009, 2013) and, more relevant to the present study, cro ...
... voxel responses are transformed into a small number of idealized channel responses, where the channels are selective for stimulus features. We have used this approach successfully to characterize the representation of color (Brouwer and Heeger 2009, 2013) and, more relevant to the present study, cro ...
An Intracranial EEG Study of the Neural Dynamics of Musical
... valence) of a given object (or event) and applies across sensory domains such that, for instance, unpleasant smells and sad facial expressions are negatively valenced while pleasant smells and happy facial expressions are positively valenced. However, while functional neuroimaging work has shown tha ...
... valence) of a given object (or event) and applies across sensory domains such that, for instance, unpleasant smells and sad facial expressions are negatively valenced while pleasant smells and happy facial expressions are positively valenced. However, while functional neuroimaging work has shown tha ...
Spatiotemporal Profiles of Proprioception Processed by
... Muscle spindles in the jaw-closing muscles, which are innervated by trigeminal mesencephalic neurons (MesV neurons), control the strength of occlusion and the position of the mandible. The mechanisms underlying cortical processing of proprioceptive information are critical to understanding how senso ...
... Muscle spindles in the jaw-closing muscles, which are innervated by trigeminal mesencephalic neurons (MesV neurons), control the strength of occlusion and the position of the mandible. The mechanisms underlying cortical processing of proprioceptive information are critical to understanding how senso ...
The Trigeminal and Facial Nerves
... prognosis of recovery by what degree of axonal loss has occurred. Normal values for facial nerve latencies (mean ± SD) in adults range from 3.4 ± 0.8 to 4.0 ± 0.5 ms (Kimura 413). The comparison of the nerve from side to side provides a more accurate assessment than the absolute value, which also va ...
... prognosis of recovery by what degree of axonal loss has occurred. Normal values for facial nerve latencies (mean ± SD) in adults range from 3.4 ± 0.8 to 4.0 ± 0.5 ms (Kimura 413). The comparison of the nerve from side to side provides a more accurate assessment than the absolute value, which also va ...
Sensory Adaptation and Short Term Plasticity as Bayesian
... optimal adaptation rule is to normalize the inputs from each presynaptic neuron. Inputs from presynaptic neurons with high excitability will tend to have low gain, while inputs from neurons with low excitability will tend to have high gain. Under this rule, short term increases in firing rate are ty ...
... optimal adaptation rule is to normalize the inputs from each presynaptic neuron. Inputs from presynaptic neurons with high excitability will tend to have low gain, while inputs from neurons with low excitability will tend to have high gain. Under this rule, short term increases in firing rate are ty ...
Fig. 2 - eNeuro
... to the head skin was previously shown to stop ongoing swimming (Roberts, 1980; Boothby and Roberts, 1992a). Unlike taps in restrained tadpoles, the tap speed (sinewave frequency) needed to be adjusted during each experiment to attain stable whole-cell recordings and effective stopping of fictive swi ...
... to the head skin was previously shown to stop ongoing swimming (Roberts, 1980; Boothby and Roberts, 1992a). Unlike taps in restrained tadpoles, the tap speed (sinewave frequency) needed to be adjusted during each experiment to attain stable whole-cell recordings and effective stopping of fictive swi ...
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... mapping skills, Kamini’s mapping expertise and Scott’s programming skills were of great help when I had a deadline to meet. I am grateful for Dr.Sandra Chapman’s time and effort during my first year in the university. I was convinced at that time that I could do basic science research as well as cl ...
... mapping skills, Kamini’s mapping expertise and Scott’s programming skills were of great help when I had a deadline to meet. I am grateful for Dr.Sandra Chapman’s time and effort during my first year in the university. I was convinced at that time that I could do basic science research as well as cl ...
Changes in the N1-P2 Complex after Speech
... reflects training-induced changes in perception, there is tremendous potential for clinical application. The N1-P2 complex could be used to monitor neurophysiologic changes during speech-sound acquisition after cochlear implantation, hearing aid use, or any other form of auditory learning. More impo ...
... reflects training-induced changes in perception, there is tremendous potential for clinical application. The N1-P2 complex could be used to monitor neurophysiologic changes during speech-sound acquisition after cochlear implantation, hearing aid use, or any other form of auditory learning. More impo ...
Spinal cord and simple reflex arc
... – Normal reflex patterns that do not appear on schedule (e.g. segmental rolling reflex does not appear by 6 months) – Reflex pattern that persists beyond the age at which it normally disappears (e.g. rooting reflex continues past 6 months) – Childhood reflexes that re-appear in adult following neuro ...
... – Normal reflex patterns that do not appear on schedule (e.g. segmental rolling reflex does not appear by 6 months) – Reflex pattern that persists beyond the age at which it normally disappears (e.g. rooting reflex continues past 6 months) – Childhood reflexes that re-appear in adult following neuro ...
A Master Key to Assess Stroke Consequences Across Species: The
... brain or for the bleeding stop. Therefore, the first step of stroke treatment takes place within a very short-term and tiny time window (even if it was recently extended to 4 hours for thrombolysis). Next steps of the treatments are directed to avoid another stroke and to promote rehabilitation. For ...
... brain or for the bleeding stop. Therefore, the first step of stroke treatment takes place within a very short-term and tiny time window (even if it was recently extended to 4 hours for thrombolysis). Next steps of the treatments are directed to avoid another stroke and to promote rehabilitation. For ...
The role of neuronal synchronization in selective attention
... change had occurred. This finding suggests that the processing or the signalling of a sensory change is more efficient when it is handled by an area that is engaged in enhanced gamma-band synchronization [6]. Importantly, the influence of local synchronization of behavioural responses was spatiall ...
... change had occurred. This finding suggests that the processing or the signalling of a sensory change is more efficient when it is handled by an area that is engaged in enhanced gamma-band synchronization [6]. Importantly, the influence of local synchronization of behavioural responses was spatiall ...
The Cellular Basis of a Corollary Discharge
... The morphology of CDI highlights three major structural properties that are crucial for its function. First, its cell body and extensive dendritic arborization is in the mesothoracic ganglion; therefore, it can receive synaptic input from the singing central pattern generator (CPG). Second, the neur ...
... The morphology of CDI highlights three major structural properties that are crucial for its function. First, its cell body and extensive dendritic arborization is in the mesothoracic ganglion; therefore, it can receive synaptic input from the singing central pattern generator (CPG). Second, the neur ...
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... a causal link between neural activation and brain function. Electrical microstimulation, which can selectively perturb neural activity in specific parts of the nervous system, is an important tool for exploring the organization and function of brain circuitry. To date, the studies describing the beh ...
... a causal link between neural activation and brain function. Electrical microstimulation, which can selectively perturb neural activity in specific parts of the nervous system, is an important tool for exploring the organization and function of brain circuitry. To date, the studies describing the beh ...
SENSE AND THE SINGLE NEURON: Probing the Physiology of
... neuron firing at least one spike on a single trial and the other two correspond to the firing of at least two or at least three spikes, respectively. The shapes of these neural detection functions (neurometric functions) are remarkably similar to those of the psychometric functions. It is possible t ...
... neuron firing at least one spike on a single trial and the other two correspond to the firing of at least two or at least three spikes, respectively. The shapes of these neural detection functions (neurometric functions) are remarkably similar to those of the psychometric functions. It is possible t ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... tunnel. Such synovial engorgement can cause both the edema without inflammation as well as elevate mean tissue pressure in the carpal tunnel, which affects the median nerve conduction. 14 In our study, we have found that nerve conduction velocity is not significantly reduced where as latency and amp ...
... tunnel. Such synovial engorgement can cause both the edema without inflammation as well as elevate mean tissue pressure in the carpal tunnel, which affects the median nerve conduction. 14 In our study, we have found that nerve conduction velocity is not significantly reduced where as latency and amp ...
The multisensory roles for auditory cortex in primate vocal
... are delineated largely by their tonotopic organization and anatomical criteria. The reasons for why there are so many areas are not known, and how each of them, together or separately, relate to behavior is also somewhat of a mystery. That they must be involved in multiple auditory-related behaviors ...
... are delineated largely by their tonotopic organization and anatomical criteria. The reasons for why there are so many areas are not known, and how each of them, together or separately, relate to behavior is also somewhat of a mystery. That they must be involved in multiple auditory-related behaviors ...
String Art: Axon Tracts in the Spinal Cord Spinal reflex arcs
... motor neurons on both sides of the spinal cord. ...
... motor neurons on both sides of the spinal cord. ...
Dynamics of Propofol-Induced Loss of Consciousness Across
... direct recordings from neocortex, especially functionally interconnecting regions, during anesthesia are rare in primates. Moreover, the neurophysiological changes during the transition between consciousness and unconsciousness have not been well characterized. Human neuroimaging studies suggested t ...
... direct recordings from neocortex, especially functionally interconnecting regions, during anesthesia are rare in primates. Moreover, the neurophysiological changes during the transition between consciousness and unconsciousness have not been well characterized. Human neuroimaging studies suggested t ...
Neurophysiologic Testing - UnitedHealthcareOnline.com
... and tailored electrodiagnostic (EDX) study is performed, and the analysis of the waveforms are all done at the same time and while the patient is present in the EDX laboratory (AANEM, Proper Performance and Interpretation of Electrodiagnostic Studies, 2014; AANEM, What does ‘On Site’ and ‘Real Time’ ...
... and tailored electrodiagnostic (EDX) study is performed, and the analysis of the waveforms are all done at the same time and while the patient is present in the EDX laboratory (AANEM, Proper Performance and Interpretation of Electrodiagnostic Studies, 2014; AANEM, What does ‘On Site’ and ‘Real Time’ ...
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... The location of these sites in the precentral gyrus is shown in Figure 7. A similar cluster of ten hand-to-mouth sites was found in monkey 2. In all cases, the movement appeared to be natural and coordinated. We never evoked a hand-to-mouth posture in which the hand faced away from the mouth, in whi ...
... The location of these sites in the precentral gyrus is shown in Figure 7. A similar cluster of ten hand-to-mouth sites was found in monkey 2. In all cases, the movement appeared to be natural and coordinated. We never evoked a hand-to-mouth posture in which the hand faced away from the mouth, in whi ...
Chadha_umd_0117E_15128 - DRUM
... understanding of the aerodynamics of powered flight (especially in bats), as well as the anatomical and physiological properties of the underlying mechanosensors and sensorimotor circuits. Animal flight (bats, birds and insects) has been studied for over a century, but only recently have development ...
... understanding of the aerodynamics of powered flight (especially in bats), as well as the anatomical and physiological properties of the underlying mechanosensors and sensorimotor circuits. Animal flight (bats, birds and insects) has been studied for over a century, but only recently have development ...