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... K.Huang ,Tang ,Zhen ,Zhang ,Li,Yu,Jiang Yin,Lv,Jianguo,Liu,Xi ansong,Liu Feng "Preparation and characterization of Mg-doped ZnO thin films by sol-gel method ", J.Applied Surface Science, Vol.258, p .3710, (2012). Haixia chen,Jijun Ding,Feng Shi,Yin Feng Li,Wenge,cuo, ,"Optical properties of Ti-dopin ...
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Ultrafast laser spectroscopy

Ultrafast laser spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique that uses ultrashort pulse lasers for the study of dynamics on extremely short time scales (attoseconds to nanoseconds). Different methods are used to examine dynamics of charge carriers, atoms and molecules. Many different procedures have been developed spanning different time scales and photon energy ranges; some common methods are listed below.
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