Radio-frequency-induced optical gain in Pr :Y SiO
... minima (or maxima) damp out as the RF pulse area increases. This is because each Pr ion has a slightly different Rabi frequency owing to inhomogeneous broadening on the u1& to u2& transition. The noise in the data is due to laser jitter. To see the Rabi flopping at high optical density, we adjusted ...
... minima (or maxima) damp out as the RF pulse area increases. This is because each Pr ion has a slightly different Rabi frequency owing to inhomogeneous broadening on the u1& to u2& transition. The noise in the data is due to laser jitter. To see the Rabi flopping at high optical density, we adjusted ...
Lasers Essay Research Paper The light from
... This is called spontaneous emission. This is how a neon sign (or other gas discharge light such as a mercury vapour lamp) produces light. The photons travel rapidly in all directions. They are visible along the length of the neon tube or radiate outward from the light source. The spontaneous emissio ...
... This is called spontaneous emission. This is how a neon sign (or other gas discharge light such as a mercury vapour lamp) produces light. The photons travel rapidly in all directions. They are visible along the length of the neon tube or radiate outward from the light source. The spontaneous emissio ...
Nano-optical Imaging using Scattering Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy
... The IR laser light illuminates a silicon tip with an apex radius of around 10 nm that is mounted onto the head of a Bruker Innova Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). Using the tapping mode, the tip oscillates vertically with a frequency of around 250 kHz while in contact with the sample and scans the sam ...
... The IR laser light illuminates a silicon tip with an apex radius of around 10 nm that is mounted onto the head of a Bruker Innova Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). Using the tapping mode, the tip oscillates vertically with a frequency of around 250 kHz while in contact with the sample and scans the sam ...
Operating Principles
... occur than light emission as shown in figure 2 (a). To emit light, electrons must exist at E2 with high probability, which is referred to as inversed population. The third type of transition, shown in figure 2 (c) is stimulated emission. The electrons in the higher energy level, E2, are forcibly tra ...
... occur than light emission as shown in figure 2 (a). To emit light, electrons must exist at E2 with high probability, which is referred to as inversed population. The third type of transition, shown in figure 2 (c) is stimulated emission. The electrons in the higher energy level, E2, are forcibly tra ...
a) Given the transfer function of a detector (below), label and
... 8. You have laser scanning microscope equipped with a 20x dry objective (NA=0.55), a 40x dry objective (NA = 0.8), a 60x dry objective (NA = 0.95) and a 60x water immersion objective (f# = 0.74). The system has a 380 nm continuous laser source with 400mW power, a 490 nm continuous laser source with ...
... 8. You have laser scanning microscope equipped with a 20x dry objective (NA=0.55), a 40x dry objective (NA = 0.8), a 60x dry objective (NA = 0.95) and a 60x water immersion objective (f# = 0.74). The system has a 380 nm continuous laser source with 400mW power, a 490 nm continuous laser source with ...
The Development of a New Atomic Model
... the atom’s negatively charged particles are distributed in the space surrounding it’s positively charged nucleus. ...
... the atom’s negatively charged particles are distributed in the space surrounding it’s positively charged nucleus. ...
lecture 5 radiation and matter
... Amplitude contrast in transmission electron microscopy (in TEM, phase effects are important in creating amplitude contrast after scattering) Specimen is very thin (<100nm) so absorption is not important, SCATTERING is important. In TEM we talk about electron dense and electron rare regions of our s ...
... Amplitude contrast in transmission electron microscopy (in TEM, phase effects are important in creating amplitude contrast after scattering) Specimen is very thin (<100nm) so absorption is not important, SCATTERING is important. In TEM we talk about electron dense and electron rare regions of our s ...
tire
... spectrum (Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet) 16. The first person who systematically studied how white light can be broken up into its colors using a prism. 17. A spectrum of light over a range of wavelengths without any spectral lines. 18. An optical device consisting of closely spaced lin ...
... spectrum (Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet) 16. The first person who systematically studied how white light can be broken up into its colors using a prism. 17. A spectrum of light over a range of wavelengths without any spectral lines. 18. An optical device consisting of closely spaced lin ...
Modern Optics PHY485F/1485F www.physics.utoronto.ca/~phy485
... device rather than by principle — we’ll use it for its modules, as we proceed more logically (see guide to topics on website) optional (cheap): “Introduction to Modern Optics” by Grant R. Fowles (get online errata correcting a number of errors) ...
... device rather than by principle — we’ll use it for its modules, as we proceed more logically (see guide to topics on website) optional (cheap): “Introduction to Modern Optics” by Grant R. Fowles (get online errata correcting a number of errors) ...
Assembly, Alignment, and Maintenance of an Automated Laser Cutter
... We can not use the photoelectric effect to visualize infrared light. However, we can use thermally sensitive materials (such as a piece of paper) as a movable imaging screen to aid in mapping out the path of the beam. After sending a pulse from the tube, a burn mark on the imaging screen reveals the ...
... We can not use the photoelectric effect to visualize infrared light. However, we can use thermally sensitive materials (such as a piece of paper) as a movable imaging screen to aid in mapping out the path of the beam. After sending a pulse from the tube, a burn mark on the imaging screen reveals the ...
lecture25
... If light is particles, theory predicts: • Increasing intensity increases number of electrons but not energy • Above a minimum energy required to break atomic bond, kinetic energy will increase linearly with frequency • There is a cutoff frequency below which no electrons will be emitted, regardless ...
... If light is particles, theory predicts: • Increasing intensity increases number of electrons but not energy • Above a minimum energy required to break atomic bond, kinetic energy will increase linearly with frequency • There is a cutoff frequency below which no electrons will be emitted, regardless ...
Soliton pairs in a fiber laser: from anomalous to normal average
... 870 fs. The main peak of the autocorrelation trace has a 230 fs FWHM, yielding 150 fs FWHM pulses. However, we remark the presence of small humps in the peaks sides, which means that the compressed pulse pair is not the superposition of two pure gaussian pulses. As was stated, in the case of a singl ...
... 870 fs. The main peak of the autocorrelation trace has a 230 fs FWHM, yielding 150 fs FWHM pulses. However, we remark the presence of small humps in the peaks sides, which means that the compressed pulse pair is not the superposition of two pure gaussian pulses. As was stated, in the case of a singl ...
Novel Machine Learning Approaches to Molecular Coherent Control
... capability of the device5. The learning algorithm chosen was an implementation of a (μ/ρ+,λ)-Evolution Strategy (ES) as described in [16] but without correlated mutation of the ~400 control parameters. The results of the optimisations with this algorithm at 570 nm were described at an international ...
... capability of the device5. The learning algorithm chosen was an implementation of a (μ/ρ+,λ)-Evolution Strategy (ES) as described in [16] but without correlated mutation of the ~400 control parameters. The results of the optimisations with this algorithm at 570 nm were described at an international ...
Group 2 - Index of
... Function generator produces pulses for operation in pulsed mode Laptop used to monitor the system Laser is tuned to specific wavelength that coincides with an absorption line of a specific molecule (i.e. Carbon Monoxide, NH3, etc.) In this way, the cascade uses direct IR absorption spectroscopy to m ...
... Function generator produces pulses for operation in pulsed mode Laptop used to monitor the system Laser is tuned to specific wavelength that coincides with an absorption line of a specific molecule (i.e. Carbon Monoxide, NH3, etc.) In this way, the cascade uses direct IR absorption spectroscopy to m ...
The Quantum Hypothesis slides
... • When you heat an element, there are countless electrons changing their energy levels (distance from the nucleus) • As they lose energy, they release this energy as photons, which give off light • Electrons can jump from a higher energy level down to any lower energy level • Each of these drops pro ...
... • When you heat an element, there are countless electrons changing their energy levels (distance from the nucleus) • As they lose energy, they release this energy as photons, which give off light • Electrons can jump from a higher energy level down to any lower energy level • Each of these drops pro ...
Háskóli Íslands Raunvísindadeild,
... Spectra lines due to transitions from quantum levels n1 = 3,4, ... to n2 = 2 are named Balmer lines and appear in the visible spectral region. ...
... Spectra lines due to transitions from quantum levels n1 = 3,4, ... to n2 = 2 are named Balmer lines and appear in the visible spectral region. ...
Application of chirped ultrashort pulses for generating large
... both schemes are aimed at using the favorable interference of material waves, which are induced by the coherence properties of the exciting fields, on the reactive surface in order to increase the throughput into the preferred reaction channel. More detailed scrutiny of this problem reveals weakness ...
... both schemes are aimed at using the favorable interference of material waves, which are induced by the coherence properties of the exciting fields, on the reactive surface in order to increase the throughput into the preferred reaction channel. More detailed scrutiny of this problem reveals weakness ...