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High-resolution broadband (>100 cm ) infrared heterodyne spectro
High-resolution broadband (>100 cm ) infrared heterodyne spectro

... great potential for astronomy and planetary remote sensing applications [2]. Thermal IR laser heterodyne systems were pioneered using CO2 lasers as optical local oscillators (LO) [3]. The development of mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) [4] has offered new opportunities for IR LHR developme ...
Using light scattering method to find The surface tension of water
Using light scattering method to find The surface tension of water

Ultrashort, Strongly Focused Laser Pulses in Free Space
Ultrashort, Strongly Focused Laser Pulses in Free Space

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... two-state probability. When the interaction is weak ( V01 << hω 0 , or Ω << ω 0 ) the oscillation amplitude is small, and its frequency is close to ω 0 . When the interaction is strong ( Ω >> ω 0 ) the entire population moves periodically between each of the two states, and its oscillation frequency ...
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... applications; e.g. for optical networking • The general purpose computer should not be an optical blueprint of electronic systems • Poor cascadability is currently the main impediment to general purpose optical computer • Quantum effects enables small, power-efficient and computationally efficient a ...
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Chapter 10 Notes
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... Transitions from higher energy levels to the first excited state (n = 2) result in the emission of visible photons.  This series is referred to as the Balmer series. Transitions from higher levels to n = 3 result in the emission of infrared photons.  This series is referred to as the Paschen serie ...
Imaging scanning tunneling microscope
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Durham Research Online
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... experienced by the molecules in external fields. Therefore, by applying a tailored external electrical or magnetic field, molecular interactions can be controlled to enhance or suppress specific outcomes of a chemical reaction via the fine-tuning of scattering resonances [6]. To date, the only polar ...
Ultracold Hydrogen—D. Kleppner, T. J. Greytak
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... for major improvement. Some improvement can be achieved by better optical access. However, exciting the 2S atoms to a Rydberg state, which is then field-ionized, or directly photo ionizing the 2S atoms, would improve the detection efficiency by many orders of magnitude. Such an improvement would hav ...
EPH7052 Optical Comm Chapter05 Amplifiers
EPH7052 Optical Comm Chapter05 Amplifiers

... • able to operate at the 1300nm and 1550nm wavelengths (simultaneously) • wide bandwidth, up to 100nm • can be readily integrated along with other semiconductors and photonic devices into one monolithic chip called an optoelectronic integrated circuit (OEIC) ...
Full-Text PDF
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Quantum Entanglement, Nonlocality, and Back-In

... Causality & Retrocausality The Law of Causality: A cause must precede its effects in all reference frames. In quantum mechanics, there are apparent violations of this principle. One example is Wheeler’s Delayed Choice Experiment, in which a photon of light is made to pass either through one slit or ...
Light book student use
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... distance. In a flashlight, it's easier to do this job with a mirror, which usually weighs much less than a ...
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... significant problem within the main areas of nonlinear optics. Describe the photo induced refractive index using the induced polarization and apply the corresponding wave equation to explain transmission of short optical pulses. Differentiate between Raman and Brillouin scattering and explain these ...
Negative Group Velocity - Physics Department, Princeton University
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... We see from eq. (3) that if the index of refraction decreases rapidly enough with frequency, the group velocity can be negative. It is well known that the index of refraction decreases rapidly with frequency near an absorption line, where “anomalous” wave propagation effects can occur [12]. However, ...
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... optical laser that is based on the amplification of light. When Ketterle’s research team developed the atom laser in 1997, the atomic amplification process happened during the formation of the Bose-Einstein condensate. Since then, people have questioned whether atoms can be amplified the way light p ...
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Optical Interferometers
Optical Interferometers

... A calibrated Machelson interferometer, that you have just constructed, can be used as a wavemeter to determine the wavelength of different light sources. In this experiment you will use it to measure the wavelength of strong yellow sodium fluorescent light, produced by the discharge lamp. Without ch ...
Chapter 12. Wave Optics Optics can be divided into two categories: I
Chapter 12. Wave Optics Optics can be divided into two categories: I

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Ultrafast laser spectroscopy

Ultrafast laser spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique that uses ultrashort pulse lasers for the study of dynamics on extremely short time scales (attoseconds to nanoseconds). Different methods are used to examine dynamics of charge carriers, atoms and molecules. Many different procedures have been developed spanning different time scales and photon energy ranges; some common methods are listed below.
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