Julie Cass - Stanford University
... point of smallest beam radius. Instead, we defined a new adjusted focal length as the point at where the tightest beam waist is located. Through use of the Merit Function Editor in ZEMAX, system parameters specified by the user in the Lens Data Editor as variables may be adjusted, allowing for syste ...
... point of smallest beam radius. Instead, we defined a new adjusted focal length as the point at where the tightest beam waist is located. Through use of the Merit Function Editor in ZEMAX, system parameters specified by the user in the Lens Data Editor as variables may be adjusted, allowing for syste ...
High power, continuous-wave ytterbium-doped fiber - HAL
... #186957 - $15.00 USD Received 25 Mar 2013; revised 16 May 2013; accepted 16 May 2013; published 31 May 2013 (C) 2013 OSA 3 June 2013 | Vol. 21, No. 11 | DOI:10.1364/OE.21.013818 | OPTICS EXPRESS 13818 ...
... #186957 - $15.00 USD Received 25 Mar 2013; revised 16 May 2013; accepted 16 May 2013; published 31 May 2013 (C) 2013 OSA 3 June 2013 | Vol. 21, No. 11 | DOI:10.1364/OE.21.013818 | OPTICS EXPRESS 13818 ...
Construction of a femtosecond mode
... chosen so that a sufficiently self-focused beam can pass the aperture without attenuation, due to the smaller beam size, whilst a less focused beam will undergo attenuation due to diffraction losses. Use of a physical aperture, called a 'hard' aperture, can thus create an intensity-dependent loss m ...
... chosen so that a sufficiently self-focused beam can pass the aperture without attenuation, due to the smaller beam size, whilst a less focused beam will undergo attenuation due to diffraction losses. Use of a physical aperture, called a 'hard' aperture, can thus create an intensity-dependent loss m ...
Laser Frequency and Time 1 Introduction
... comb lines by superimposing the pulse train and the beam from a cw diode laser and observing a radio-frequency beat signal with a photodetector. We could then investigate how regular the spacing of the comb lines really is. As experimentalists, we were most worried about the lines far out in the win ...
... comb lines by superimposing the pulse train and the beam from a cw diode laser and observing a radio-frequency beat signal with a photodetector. We could then investigate how regular the spacing of the comb lines really is. As experimentalists, we were most worried about the lines far out in the win ...
Instruments for Optical Spectroscopy-Web
... absolute values without prior scaling. - The dislocation of the moving mirror (or “mirrors”, in other interferometer configurations than the set-up described by Michelson, e.g. Happ-Genzel) in the interferometer from the zero position is determined with the interferogram of a helium-neon (He-Ne) las ...
... absolute values without prior scaling. - The dislocation of the moving mirror (or “mirrors”, in other interferometer configurations than the set-up described by Michelson, e.g. Happ-Genzel) in the interferometer from the zero position is determined with the interferogram of a helium-neon (He-Ne) las ...
Laser Locking with Doppler-free Saturated Absorption Spectroscopy
... spontaneously decay to more than one lower energy level that may or may not interact with the incident laser beam. When atoms are excited and then decay to a non-resonant lower level, the population of atoms in the resonant ground state becomes depleted and causes an increase in the size of the satu ...
... spontaneously decay to more than one lower energy level that may or may not interact with the incident laser beam. When atoms are excited and then decay to a non-resonant lower level, the population of atoms in the resonant ground state becomes depleted and causes an increase in the size of the satu ...
Calculation of image position, size and orientation using first order
... Many optical systems are first modeled as a thin lens. A thin lens is a surface with zero thickness that has refracting power. It is almost always used in air (n = n' = 1.0) and is characterized by its focal length f. ...
... Many optical systems are first modeled as a thin lens. A thin lens is a surface with zero thickness that has refracting power. It is almost always used in air (n = n' = 1.0) and is characterized by its focal length f. ...
Slide 1
... (GVD), second order GVD and attenuation of the fiber. For parameterized signals (CW representation) an ordinary differential equation system taking into account stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and frequency depended attenuation is applied. Inputs input = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks ...
... (GVD), second order GVD and attenuation of the fiber. For parameterized signals (CW representation) an ordinary differential equation system taking into account stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and frequency depended attenuation is applied. Inputs input = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks ...
Lights, action: optical tweezers
... refraction of light rays at the surface of a dielectric sphere and the resulting forces acting upon it. By adopting an approac h similar to that of a ray-tracing package used for lens design, the eVect of a complete optical beam can be modelled using a bundle of rays, with each individua l ray weigh ...
... refraction of light rays at the surface of a dielectric sphere and the resulting forces acting upon it. By adopting an approac h similar to that of a ray-tracing package used for lens design, the eVect of a complete optical beam can be modelled using a bundle of rays, with each individua l ray weigh ...
Simple 3-D characterization of ultrashort laser pulses
... Temporal and spatial distribution of ultrashort laser pulse energy is crucial information for applications such as the investigation of electrons dynamics [1], the coherent control of chemical reaction [2-4] or the phototherapy with femtosecond (10-15 s.) laser pulses [5]. The three most important p ...
... Temporal and spatial distribution of ultrashort laser pulse energy is crucial information for applications such as the investigation of electrons dynamics [1], the coherent control of chemical reaction [2-4] or the phototherapy with femtosecond (10-15 s.) laser pulses [5]. The three most important p ...
Holography - Princeton University
... desired intensity. Higher intensities (consistent with a suitable reference/object ratio), will need shorter exposure times, and, will, in general, produce better holograms. Check that the reference beam is smooth across the film. In addition, you should make sure that the optical surfaces are clean ...
... desired intensity. Higher intensities (consistent with a suitable reference/object ratio), will need shorter exposure times, and, will, in general, produce better holograms. Check that the reference beam is smooth across the film. In addition, you should make sure that the optical surfaces are clean ...
LEP 2.6.07 Helium Neon Laser
... of the capillary should be as small as possible to enable an optimal laser output, but it should not be too small as to block the path of the fundamental mode. The course which the beam radius of the mode takes is determined by the radii of curvature of the distance between the mirrors. However, the ...
... of the capillary should be as small as possible to enable an optimal laser output, but it should not be too small as to block the path of the fundamental mode. The course which the beam radius of the mode takes is determined by the radii of curvature of the distance between the mirrors. However, the ...
Laser-based displays: a review - Optical Microsystems Laboratory
... red VCSELs with an AlGaInP active region, which emit in the 650–690 nm region [28]. But the use of this wavelength region is not preferred for displays, as the human eye is less responsive here, requiring higher optical power from the red for effective white balancing of the display. More about colo ...
... red VCSELs with an AlGaInP active region, which emit in the 650–690 nm region [28]. But the use of this wavelength region is not preferred for displays, as the human eye is less responsive here, requiring higher optical power from the red for effective white balancing of the display. More about colo ...
Diffraction of light by a single slit and gratings
... A diffraction grating consists of a large number N of identical slits each of width d and separated from the next by a distance D, as shown in Fig. 5. We will first consider the interference of wavelets originating from the slit centers. Of course, the result will then be only a good approximation i ...
... A diffraction grating consists of a large number N of identical slits each of width d and separated from the next by a distance D, as shown in Fig. 5. We will first consider the interference of wavelets originating from the slit centers. Of course, the result will then be only a good approximation i ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... The objective lens consists of two or more lens elements in an achromatic or apochromatic configuration. The achromatic doublet is the commonest lens in “standard” binoculars, but high-quality binoculars, particularly large astronomical binoculars, may have an apochromatic triplet. There may also be ...
... The objective lens consists of two or more lens elements in an achromatic or apochromatic configuration. The achromatic doublet is the commonest lens in “standard” binoculars, but high-quality binoculars, particularly large astronomical binoculars, may have an apochromatic triplet. There may also be ...
Structural Analysis of Nanostructures with Electron Microscopy 1
... Figure 4: Schematic of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), source: scixchange.missouri.edu, 02.04.2016 explained in (2.4). Those secondary electrons can only leave the specimen, when they are generated close to the surface because otherwise they will be absorbed inside the specimen due to their lo ...
... Figure 4: Schematic of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), source: scixchange.missouri.edu, 02.04.2016 explained in (2.4). Those secondary electrons can only leave the specimen, when they are generated close to the surface because otherwise they will be absorbed inside the specimen due to their lo ...
Phloem imaging - Oxford Academic
... The resolution limit of an optical microscope is defined as the shortest distance at which two point-like structures can be distinguished as separate entities. According to calculations by Abbe, the resolution limit of a microscope cannot be smaller than half the wavelength of the illuminating beam ...
... The resolution limit of an optical microscope is defined as the shortest distance at which two point-like structures can be distinguished as separate entities. According to calculations by Abbe, the resolution limit of a microscope cannot be smaller than half the wavelength of the illuminating beam ...
Lecture notes lecture 11 (diffraction)
... S-source, L1-Lens, S1-slit, Ccollimator, L2-Lens, G-grating Light from source focused by L1 on vertical slit S1 placed in focal plane of L2. Emerging light is a plane wave incident on G-grating: diffracted into diffraction patter, with m=0 order diffracted at angle θ = 0 along central axis of the gr ...
... S-source, L1-Lens, S1-slit, Ccollimator, L2-Lens, G-grating Light from source focused by L1 on vertical slit S1 placed in focal plane of L2. Emerging light is a plane wave incident on G-grating: diffracted into diffraction patter, with m=0 order diffracted at angle θ = 0 along central axis of the gr ...
Free-space optical communications have distinct advantages over
... and then the modulated carrier is transmitted to the destination. The objective of the receiver is to demodulate the received wave and recover the correct information. In optical communication systems the carrier is selected from the optical region, in contrast to radio(RF) and microwave systems[GAG ...
... and then the modulated carrier is transmitted to the destination. The objective of the receiver is to demodulate the received wave and recover the correct information. In optical communication systems the carrier is selected from the optical region, in contrast to radio(RF) and microwave systems[GAG ...
Chirped amplitude modulation ladar for range and
... rail to provide focusing/defocusing of the transmitted beam output by the telescope from a diffraction-limited, collimated beam divergence of 20.7 rad to one matching the full-frame receiver's maximum FOV of 7.56 mrad. When collimated, the beam expansion ratio is set by the ratio of the telescopes ...
... rail to provide focusing/defocusing of the transmitted beam output by the telescope from a diffraction-limited, collimated beam divergence of 20.7 rad to one matching the full-frame receiver's maximum FOV of 7.56 mrad. When collimated, the beam expansion ratio is set by the ratio of the telescopes ...
Magneto-Optic Kerr Effect
... Lasers are typically used for MOKE experiments. When lasers are used with PEMs an effect called “modulated interference” may be present.4 Since the MOKE AC signals are typically very weak, great care must be taken to eliminate or reduce these effects. Useful techniques include: 1) use of anti-reflec ...
... Lasers are typically used for MOKE experiments. When lasers are used with PEMs an effect called “modulated interference” may be present.4 Since the MOKE AC signals are typically very weak, great care must be taken to eliminate or reduce these effects. Useful techniques include: 1) use of anti-reflec ...
STED Microscopy
... time of the triplet state can lead to significant build-up in this state, which results in decreased fluorophore populations in the singlet state system and correspondingly lower fluorescence signal. Furthermore, photobleaching is accelerated for molecules in the triplet state. Using lasers with lower ...
... time of the triplet state can lead to significant build-up in this state, which results in decreased fluorophore populations in the singlet state system and correspondingly lower fluorescence signal. Furthermore, photobleaching is accelerated for molecules in the triplet state. Using lasers with lower ...
Optical Metrology - Bogazici University Physics Department
... structured light patterns that are generated through optical interference. ...
... structured light patterns that are generated through optical interference. ...
Pseudomonas putida in the wheat Detection of recombinant
... The hybridization procedures were the same for processing pure cultures and root biofilm except for minor differences in sample containment. Freshly harvested wheat root was placed on glass slide in a sterile Petri dish. The procedure for processing root tips was performed with extra care not to was ...
... The hybridization procedures were the same for processing pure cultures and root biofilm except for minor differences in sample containment. Freshly harvested wheat root was placed on glass slide in a sterile Petri dish. The procedure for processing root tips was performed with extra care not to was ...
TFC_Ch03_Lect - BiologyAlive.com
... distinguish between two points ≥ 0.4 nm. Shorter wavelengths of light provide greater resolution. ...
... distinguish between two points ≥ 0.4 nm. Shorter wavelengths of light provide greater resolution. ...
Confocal microscopy
Confocal microscopy is an optical imaging technique for increasing optical resolution and contrast of a micrograph by means of adding a spatial pinhole placed at the confocal plane of the lens to eliminate out-of-focus light. It enables the reconstruction of three-dimensional structures from the obtained images. This technique has gained popularity in the scientific and industrial communities and typical applications are in life sciences, semiconductor inspection and materials science.