Assessment of the Cardiovascular System
... the mitral and tricuspid valves (atrioventricular valves). When auscultated, the first heart sound is softer and longer; it is of a low pitch and is best heard at the lower left sternal border or the apex of the heart. It may be identified by palpating the carotid pulse while listening. S1 marks the ...
... the mitral and tricuspid valves (atrioventricular valves). When auscultated, the first heart sound is softer and longer; it is of a low pitch and is best heard at the lower left sternal border or the apex of the heart. It may be identified by palpating the carotid pulse while listening. S1 marks the ...
The Heart韦素丽课件
... two triangular cusps－anterior and posterior with commissural cusps between them ...
... two triangular cusps－anterior and posterior with commissural cusps between them ...
Cardiovascular system
... of Valsalva cause thickening & immobility of the valve cusps with narrowing of orifice. There is usually concentric left ventricle hypertrophy from chronic pressure overload. ...
... of Valsalva cause thickening & immobility of the valve cusps with narrowing of orifice. There is usually concentric left ventricle hypertrophy from chronic pressure overload. ...
anesthesia for a patient of mitral stenosis
... Diagnosis of Mitral Stenosis Assessment of hemodynamic severity ◦ mean gradient, mitral valve area, pulmonary artery pressure Assessment of right ventricular size and function. Diagnosis and assessment of concomitant valvular lesions Reevaluation of patients with known MS with changing symptoms or s ...
... Diagnosis of Mitral Stenosis Assessment of hemodynamic severity ◦ mean gradient, mitral valve area, pulmonary artery pressure Assessment of right ventricular size and function. Diagnosis and assessment of concomitant valvular lesions Reevaluation of patients with known MS with changing symptoms or s ...
Tricuspid valve abnormalities (including Ebstein`s anomaly)
... the defect where the tricuspid valve is abnormal. The tricuspid valve lies between the upper right filling chamber (atrium) and the lower right pumping chamber (ventricle). As the valve is abnormal, oxygen-poor blood can flow back into the right atrium instead of being pumped to the lungs to pick up ...
... the defect where the tricuspid valve is abnormal. The tricuspid valve lies between the upper right filling chamber (atrium) and the lower right pumping chamber (ventricle). As the valve is abnormal, oxygen-poor blood can flow back into the right atrium instead of being pumped to the lungs to pick up ...
OCR Document
... the indigenous inhabitants may not have access to good medical care, and cultural factors may prevent infants from receiving medical care and may not allow autopsies. Therefore, serious cardiac lesions that cause both early death and very mild lesions may be underrepresented in reported series which ...
... the indigenous inhabitants may not have access to good medical care, and cultural factors may prevent infants from receiving medical care and may not allow autopsies. Therefore, serious cardiac lesions that cause both early death and very mild lesions may be underrepresented in reported series which ...
Chapter 14
... fatigue and weakness, abdominal distension, and swelling of ankles. At night he requires four pillows and often wakes up because of acute air hunger. His history revealed episodes of angina pectoris and a progressive shortness of breath with exertion for several years. On examination the chief abnor ...
... fatigue and weakness, abdominal distension, and swelling of ankles. At night he requires four pillows and often wakes up because of acute air hunger. His history revealed episodes of angina pectoris and a progressive shortness of breath with exertion for several years. On examination the chief abnor ...
Ventricualr Septal Defect
... painless procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to create a picture of the inside of your baby’s heart. It also measures the blood flow through his heart. The test will not hurt your baby. An ECHO is important in eliminating other problems that may be associated with PS, such as an atrial se ...
... painless procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to create a picture of the inside of your baby’s heart. It also measures the blood flow through his heart. The test will not hurt your baby. An ECHO is important in eliminating other problems that may be associated with PS, such as an atrial se ...
Carotid, Vertebral, Intracranial Artery Angioplasty
... Stenosis associated with contralateral carotid artery occlusion Stenosis that cannot be safely reached or crossed by endovascular approach Pseudoaneurysm Inability to move the neck to a suitable position for surgery Tracheostomy Stenosis or aneurysm of extracranial vertebral arteries or intracranial ...
... Stenosis associated with contralateral carotid artery occlusion Stenosis that cannot be safely reached or crossed by endovascular approach Pseudoaneurysm Inability to move the neck to a suitable position for surgery Tracheostomy Stenosis or aneurysm of extracranial vertebral arteries or intracranial ...
Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Marfan Syndrome
... a young child without clinical features of MFS but where there are other affected first degree relatives with a known mutation and aortic root dilatation. There is no published scientific or longitudinal data to prove that prophylactic ß-blockade prior to the development of aortic enlargement is nec ...
... a young child without clinical features of MFS but where there are other affected first degree relatives with a known mutation and aortic root dilatation. There is no published scientific or longitudinal data to prove that prophylactic ß-blockade prior to the development of aortic enlargement is nec ...
PAGE 4
... emergency. Essentially, the compressed heart cannot contract and expand (it cannot beat!). Thus the heart cannot receive blood from the systemic veins (i.e. no venous return to the right atrium). And the left ventricle cannot pump blood out (cardiac output and blood pressure falls). This acute heart ...
... emergency. Essentially, the compressed heart cannot contract and expand (it cannot beat!). Thus the heart cannot receive blood from the systemic veins (i.e. no venous return to the right atrium). And the left ventricle cannot pump blood out (cardiac output and blood pressure falls). This acute heart ...
full text
... Results : All assessors agreed that threedimensional echocardiographic examination provided more accurate information for 1.correct cannula alignment, 2.unloading of the left ventricle , 3. presence of spontaneous contrast and the formation of thrombi in the left ventricle and aorta , and 4. the eff ...
... Results : All assessors agreed that threedimensional echocardiographic examination provided more accurate information for 1.correct cannula alignment, 2.unloading of the left ventricle , 3. presence of spontaneous contrast and the formation of thrombi in the left ventricle and aorta , and 4. the eff ...
Cardiac Transplantation for Congenitally Corrected Transposition of
... heart failure, but only few cases undergo heart transplantation (HTx).1–3 According to the Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation in 2007, only 3.2% HTx were performed for congenital heart disease in the adult population.4 CASE REPORT The 46-year-old men began to ha ...
... heart failure, but only few cases undergo heart transplantation (HTx).1–3 According to the Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation in 2007, only 3.2% HTx were performed for congenital heart disease in the adult population.4 CASE REPORT The 46-year-old men began to ha ...
Congenital Heart Disease
... Blood from LV shunted to RV, thus volume overload in the RV, pulmonary circuit, LA, and thus LV… This reuslts in hypertrophy of all the above chambers plus pulmonary congestion eventually leading to symptoms of heart failure !! If pulmonary resistance increases for whatever reason, you will get Ei ...
... Blood from LV shunted to RV, thus volume overload in the RV, pulmonary circuit, LA, and thus LV… This reuslts in hypertrophy of all the above chambers plus pulmonary congestion eventually leading to symptoms of heart failure !! If pulmonary resistance increases for whatever reason, you will get Ei ...
PDF - Circulation: Heart Failure
... leaflets was seen. As shown by CT, the right ventricular lead looped back from the ventricle into the atrium, then encircled one atrial lead against the septal leaflet (Figure 5). It was not sure whether the lead had perforated the septal cusp or the abundant fibrosis surrounding the lead and tricus ...
... leaflets was seen. As shown by CT, the right ventricular lead looped back from the ventricle into the atrium, then encircled one atrial lead against the septal leaflet (Figure 5). It was not sure whether the lead had perforated the septal cusp or the abundant fibrosis surrounding the lead and tricus ...
CHAPTER 15. HEART MURMURS AND PAIN ACQUIRED HEART
... Although only 50% of patients report a history of rheumatic fever, this condition is thought to be the cause of mitral stenosis in virtually all cases. Congenital defects causing adult mitral stenosis are very rare. The time interval between the episode of rheumatic fever and the manifestation o ...
... Although only 50% of patients report a history of rheumatic fever, this condition is thought to be the cause of mitral stenosis in virtually all cases. Congenital defects causing adult mitral stenosis are very rare. The time interval between the episode of rheumatic fever and the manifestation o ...
Infective Endocarditis
... If untreated Infective Endocarditis (IE) is a fatal disease. Major diagnostic (first of all echocardiography) and therapeutic progress (mainly surgery during active IE) have contributed to some prognostic improvement. In this respect, it is of utmost importance that: – IE is considered early in ever ...
... If untreated Infective Endocarditis (IE) is a fatal disease. Major diagnostic (first of all echocardiography) and therapeutic progress (mainly surgery during active IE) have contributed to some prognostic improvement. In this respect, it is of utmost importance that: – IE is considered early in ever ...
Premature Closure of the Mitral and Tricuspid Valves
... ventricular diastolic flow period. This implies that ventricular filling from atrial systolic contraction was not important in the maintenance of an effective stroke output at these heart rates. Furthermore the modest elevations in left atrial and pulmonary artery pressures in both the human and exp ...
... ventricular diastolic flow period. This implies that ventricular filling from atrial systolic contraction was not important in the maintenance of an effective stroke output at these heart rates. Furthermore the modest elevations in left atrial and pulmonary artery pressures in both the human and exp ...
Pediatric Echocardiography The Segmental Approach
... Window mid to upper right sternal border Atrial septum – looking for sinus venosus defect Caval-caval view – SVC thrombus Ascending aorta – best view for aortic doppler Right upper pulmonary vein Rotate to short axis – notch at 3 o’clock ...
... Window mid to upper right sternal border Atrial septum – looking for sinus venosus defect Caval-caval view – SVC thrombus Ascending aorta – best view for aortic doppler Right upper pulmonary vein Rotate to short axis – notch at 3 o’clock ...
The clinical development of percutaneous heart valve
... mitral stenosis, percutaneous valvuloplasty is the treatment of choice.9,10 For patients with calcific aortic stenosis, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV)11,12 has been used as a bridge to aortic valve replacement as noted by the current ACC/American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines.13 Hospital mo ...
... mitral stenosis, percutaneous valvuloplasty is the treatment of choice.9,10 For patients with calcific aortic stenosis, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV)11,12 has been used as a bridge to aortic valve replacement as noted by the current ACC/American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines.13 Hospital mo ...
Perioperative Results and Complications in€15,964 Transcatheter
... BACKGROUND Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has evolved into a routine procedure with good outcomes in high-risk patients. OBJECTIVES TAVR complication rates were evaluated based on prospective data from the German Aortic Valve Registry (GARY). METHODS From 2011 to 2013, a total of 15,9 ...
... BACKGROUND Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has evolved into a routine procedure with good outcomes in high-risk patients. OBJECTIVES TAVR complication rates were evaluated based on prospective data from the German Aortic Valve Registry (GARY). METHODS From 2011 to 2013, a total of 15,9 ...
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart such that problems result. It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. It typically gets worse over time. Symptoms often come on gradually with a decreased ability to exercise often occurring first. If heart failure, loss of consciousness, or heart related chest pain occurs due to AS the outcomes are worse. Loss of consciousness typically occurs with standing or exercise. Signs of heart failure include shortness of breath especially with lying down, at night, and with exercise as well as swelling of the legs. Thickening of the valve without narrowing is known as aortic sclerosis.Causes include being born with a bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic fever. A bicuspid aortic valve affects about one to two percent of the population while rheumatic heart disease mostly occurring in the developing world. A normal valve, however, may also harden over the decades. Risk factors are similar to those of coronary artery disease and include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and being male. The aortic valve usually has three leaflets and is located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta. AS typically results in a heart murmur. Its severity can be divided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on ultrasound of the heart findings.Aortic stenosis is typically followed using repeated ultrasounds. Once it has become severe treatment primarily involves valve replacement surgery with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) being an option in some who are at high risk from surgery. Valves may either be mechanical or bioprosthetic with each having risks and benefits. Another less invasive procedure, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) may result in benefit but this is for only for a few months. Complications like heart failure may be treated as per normal in those with mild to moderate AS. In those with severe disease a number of medications should be avoided including ACE inhibitors, nitroglycerin, and some beta blockers. Nitroprusside or phenylephrine may be used in those with decompensated heart failure depending on the blood pressure.Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world. It affects about 2% of people who are over 65 years of age. Estimated rates are not known in most of the developing world as of 2014. In those who have symptoms, without repair, the chance of death at five years is about 50% and at 10 years is about 90%. Aortic stenosis was first described by French physician Lazare Rivière in 1663.