cardiac cycle - WordPress.com
... Phase IV: Period of isovolumic relaxation- At the end of the period of ejection, the aortic valve closes, and the ventricular pressure falls back. The line labeled “IV” traces this decrease in intraventricular pressure without any change in volume. Thus, the ventricle returns to its starting point, ...
... Phase IV: Period of isovolumic relaxation- At the end of the period of ejection, the aortic valve closes, and the ventricular pressure falls back. The line labeled “IV” traces this decrease in intraventricular pressure without any change in volume. Thus, the ventricle returns to its starting point, ...
SYNCOPE
... to spinal cord ischemia occurs in dissections involving the descending aorta and may be mistaken as syncope ...
... to spinal cord ischemia occurs in dissections involving the descending aorta and may be mistaken as syncope ...
right → left shunt
... named after Etienne-Louis Arthur Fallot (1888) who described it as "la maladie blue" and is a common developmental cardiac defect. The syndrome consists of a number of cardiac defects possibly stemming from abnormal neural crest migration. consists of: 1. ventricular septal defect 2. pulmonary steno ...
... named after Etienne-Louis Arthur Fallot (1888) who described it as "la maladie blue" and is a common developmental cardiac defect. The syndrome consists of a number of cardiac defects possibly stemming from abnormal neural crest migration. consists of: 1. ventricular septal defect 2. pulmonary steno ...
Overview: Mitral regurgitation, sometimes also called mitral
... valve of the heart to close properly. This allows blood to leak back into the left atrium during left ventricular contractions. Mitral regurgitation forces the left side of the heart to work harder to clear the regurgitated blood. In severe cases, this can lead to heart failure. There are various un ...
... valve of the heart to close properly. This allows blood to leak back into the left atrium during left ventricular contractions. Mitral regurgitation forces the left side of the heart to work harder to clear the regurgitated blood. In severe cases, this can lead to heart failure. There are various un ...
Atrial fibrillation is seen in all except
... Digitalis toxicity is not accentuated by: *a) Hepatic dysfunction b) Hypokalemia c) Hypomagnesemia d) Quinidine A 50 year old male has had precordial pain for four hours. On examination, his Blood pressure is 110/80 mm Hg, pulse is 120 beats/min. and respiratory rate is 26/min. His Electrocardiogra ...
... Digitalis toxicity is not accentuated by: *a) Hepatic dysfunction b) Hypokalemia c) Hypomagnesemia d) Quinidine A 50 year old male has had precordial pain for four hours. On examination, his Blood pressure is 110/80 mm Hg, pulse is 120 beats/min. and respiratory rate is 26/min. His Electrocardiogra ...
Snímek 1
... 65 %; mitral valve - calcification of the annulus, papillary-muscle displacement; aortic valve – cusp thickening; without stenosis; right ventricle – wall thickening; estimated systolic pressure 42 mm Hg; Doppler study – moderate mitral regurgitation, mild aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonary regurgitat ...
... 65 %; mitral valve - calcification of the annulus, papillary-muscle displacement; aortic valve – cusp thickening; without stenosis; right ventricle – wall thickening; estimated systolic pressure 42 mm Hg; Doppler study – moderate mitral regurgitation, mild aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonary regurgitat ...
undergoing valve replacement Mitral regurgitation in patients with
... When MR is less-than severe, decision making regarding any intervention can be difficult, and will be influenced by the expectation that MR may spontaneously improve, by the increased risk of double-valve surgery, and by the increased risk of future reoperation if postoperative MR remains or becomes ...
... When MR is less-than severe, decision making regarding any intervention can be difficult, and will be influenced by the expectation that MR may spontaneously improve, by the increased risk of double-valve surgery, and by the increased risk of future reoperation if postoperative MR remains or becomes ...
Chapter 19 Heart
... A. SA (sinoatrial) node -pacemaker, spontaneously depolarizes most rapidly and initiate heart beat, positioned on the back wall of the right atrium , transmits action potential to B. AV (atrioventricular) node - (where the four chambers meet). C. AV (atrioventricular) bundle transmits down the top o ...
... A. SA (sinoatrial) node -pacemaker, spontaneously depolarizes most rapidly and initiate heart beat, positioned on the back wall of the right atrium , transmits action potential to B. AV (atrioventricular) node - (where the four chambers meet). C. AV (atrioventricular) bundle transmits down the top o ...
Tricuspid Valve Dysplasia in Cats
... progresses. Exercise intolerance or lethargy may be noted. If congestive heart failure develops, abdominal distension may be seen if fluid accumulates in the abdominal cavity. Loss of appetite may also occur due to discomfort associated with the distended abdomen. If fluid accumulates in the chest c ...
... progresses. Exercise intolerance or lethargy may be noted. If congestive heart failure develops, abdominal distension may be seen if fluid accumulates in the abdominal cavity. Loss of appetite may also occur due to discomfort associated with the distended abdomen. If fluid accumulates in the chest c ...
File - Sheffield Peer Teaching Society
... b) Drug effect c) Excessive discharge from parasympathetic nerves d) Reduced venous preload due to acute haemorrhage e) Severe right ventricular failure ...
... b) Drug effect c) Excessive discharge from parasympathetic nerves d) Reduced venous preload due to acute haemorrhage e) Severe right ventricular failure ...
Rheumatic heart disease
... Chronic rheumatic heart disease • In chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD) the inflammatory lesions in the heart undergo organisation and fibrosis. • Recurrent episodes of rheumatic fever cause cumulative damage. • In particular, the valves become scarred and distorted, affecting their functio ...
... Chronic rheumatic heart disease • In chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD) the inflammatory lesions in the heart undergo organisation and fibrosis. • Recurrent episodes of rheumatic fever cause cumulative damage. • In particular, the valves become scarred and distorted, affecting their functio ...
Differential left ventricular remodelling and longitudinal function
... hypertrophy to pressure load and have outcomes similar to moderate AS.10 This conclusion may relate to the observation that many patients with low gradients and an AVA ,1.0 cm2 also have normal flow9 and, therefore, may not carry the dismal prognosis of the ‘paradoxical, low-flow’ group. We hypothes ...
... hypertrophy to pressure load and have outcomes similar to moderate AS.10 This conclusion may relate to the observation that many patients with low gradients and an AVA ,1.0 cm2 also have normal flow9 and, therefore, may not carry the dismal prognosis of the ‘paradoxical, low-flow’ group. We hypothes ...
contact line
... Chronic rheumatic heart disease • In chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD) the inflammatory lesions in the heart undergo organisation and fibrosis. • Recurrent episodes of rheumatic fever cause cumulative damage. • In particular, the valves become scarred and distorted, affecting their function. • ...
... Chronic rheumatic heart disease • In chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD) the inflammatory lesions in the heart undergo organisation and fibrosis. • Recurrent episodes of rheumatic fever cause cumulative damage. • In particular, the valves become scarred and distorted, affecting their function. • ...
Preparatory Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty During Transcatheter Aortic
... An AR index <25, a pressure difference 18 mm Hg, and a DPTI:SPTI 0.7 were observed less often in patients who underwent balloon sizing than in those who underwent conventional sizing (Table 3B). There was a tendency toward a lower cover index in the retrospective conventional-sizing group compared ...
... An AR index <25, a pressure difference 18 mm Hg, and a DPTI:SPTI 0.7 were observed less often in patients who underwent balloon sizing than in those who underwent conventional sizing (Table 3B). There was a tendency toward a lower cover index in the retrospective conventional-sizing group compared ...
Abnormal Electrocardiogram Findings During an Occupational
... death includes six major risk factors: previous cardiac arrest, ventricular tachycardia, extreme left ventricular hypertrophy, unexplained syncope, abnormal blood pressure response, and family history of sudden death. Because of the autosomal-dominant inheritance pattern of some common forms of hype ...
... death includes six major risk factors: previous cardiac arrest, ventricular tachycardia, extreme left ventricular hypertrophy, unexplained syncope, abnormal blood pressure response, and family history of sudden death. Because of the autosomal-dominant inheritance pattern of some common forms of hype ...
Transcripts/4_13 1-2 (McNicholas)
... Proof: Taylor Nelson Dr. McNickolas The Cardiac Cycle Page 5 of 5 21. [23] Pressure Changes in the Atria a. 3 major pressure elevations in the atria reflected as a complex pulse wave in the jugular vein: i. Why is this the case? Think anatomy 1. Jugular vein is supplying the atria so that pressure c ...
... Proof: Taylor Nelson Dr. McNickolas The Cardiac Cycle Page 5 of 5 21. [23] Pressure Changes in the Atria a. 3 major pressure elevations in the atria reflected as a complex pulse wave in the jugular vein: i. Why is this the case? Think anatomy 1. Jugular vein is supplying the atria so that pressure c ...
File
... 2) Atria contract & pump 25mL (20%) more into ventricles so the End Diastolic Volume is about 130mL. 3) QRS - ventricular DEPOLARIZATION. 4) Isovolumetric Ventricular contraction - AV valves shut (ventricles are exerting force but not shortening) 5) Ventricular ejection or SYSTOLE. SL valves open as ...
... 2) Atria contract & pump 25mL (20%) more into ventricles so the End Diastolic Volume is about 130mL. 3) QRS - ventricular DEPOLARIZATION. 4) Isovolumetric Ventricular contraction - AV valves shut (ventricles are exerting force but not shortening) 5) Ventricular ejection or SYSTOLE. SL valves open as ...
Congenital Heart Defects
... Tetralogy of Fallot • 1% of neonates. • Most common of the cyanotic cardiac diseases. • Mortality increases with age (1 year-old has a 25% mortality, 40 year-old has 95%). • In 1950, fatal. Today, less than 5% mortality with children operated on in infancy, leading normal ...
... Tetralogy of Fallot • 1% of neonates. • Most common of the cyanotic cardiac diseases. • Mortality increases with age (1 year-old has a 25% mortality, 40 year-old has 95%). • In 1950, fatal. Today, less than 5% mortality with children operated on in infancy, leading normal ...
Valve disease and you
... Heart valves can malfunction in two ways: • Regurgitation (leakage of the valve): This condition prevents the valve from closing completely, causing the blood to flow backwards. • Stenosis (narrowing of the valve): This occurs when the valve opening becomes narrowed, damaged or scarred (stiff). Th ...
... Heart valves can malfunction in two ways: • Regurgitation (leakage of the valve): This condition prevents the valve from closing completely, causing the blood to flow backwards. • Stenosis (narrowing of the valve): This occurs when the valve opening becomes narrowed, damaged or scarred (stiff). Th ...
m5zn_886b8fa236ca4d1
... -Recurrence of rheumatic fever is prevented with penicillin or sulfonamid. -Varying degrees of restriction of activity may be indicated. -If atrial fibrillation develops (rare in children), digoxin should be used to control ventricular response. -Ballon valvuloplasty is an alternative to surgical cl ...
... -Recurrence of rheumatic fever is prevented with penicillin or sulfonamid. -Varying degrees of restriction of activity may be indicated. -If atrial fibrillation develops (rare in children), digoxin should be used to control ventricular response. -Ballon valvuloplasty is an alternative to surgical cl ...
and Right Descending Aorta
... and 111/2 years) in whom a left-sided aortic arch and descending right-sided aorta were documented for the first time; however, normal origin of the right subclavian artery was present in each case and a complete vascular ring was not present. In 1948, Edwards also reported the autopsy findings from ...
... and 111/2 years) in whom a left-sided aortic arch and descending right-sided aorta were documented for the first time; however, normal origin of the right subclavian artery was present in each case and a complete vascular ring was not present. In 1948, Edwards also reported the autopsy findings from ...
Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis-Prognosis, Risk Stratification and
... use of transthoracic echocardiography), the number of patients with asymptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) is continuously increasing. Aortic stenosis is a progressive active disease which can be treated effectively by aortic valve implantation. Therefore, optimal timing of surgery is crucial demanding p ...
... use of transthoracic echocardiography), the number of patients with asymptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) is continuously increasing. Aortic stenosis is a progressive active disease which can be treated effectively by aortic valve implantation. Therefore, optimal timing of surgery is crucial demanding p ...
Mikbaz I 2006
... 21. Mark the correct statement regarding verapamil: a. This drug is not efficient for supra ventricular arrhythmias b. Suppresses arrhythmias without affecting the SA node depolarization rate c. Does not affect cardiac contractility d. Blocks conduction in slow fibers and blocks after-depolarization ...
... 21. Mark the correct statement regarding verapamil: a. This drug is not efficient for supra ventricular arrhythmias b. Suppresses arrhythmias without affecting the SA node depolarization rate c. Does not affect cardiac contractility d. Blocks conduction in slow fibers and blocks after-depolarization ...
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart such that problems result. It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. It typically gets worse over time. Symptoms often come on gradually with a decreased ability to exercise often occurring first. If heart failure, loss of consciousness, or heart related chest pain occurs due to AS the outcomes are worse. Loss of consciousness typically occurs with standing or exercise. Signs of heart failure include shortness of breath especially with lying down, at night, and with exercise as well as swelling of the legs. Thickening of the valve without narrowing is known as aortic sclerosis.Causes include being born with a bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic fever. A bicuspid aortic valve affects about one to two percent of the population while rheumatic heart disease mostly occurring in the developing world. A normal valve, however, may also harden over the decades. Risk factors are similar to those of coronary artery disease and include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and being male. The aortic valve usually has three leaflets and is located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta. AS typically results in a heart murmur. Its severity can be divided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on ultrasound of the heart findings.Aortic stenosis is typically followed using repeated ultrasounds. Once it has become severe treatment primarily involves valve replacement surgery with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) being an option in some who are at high risk from surgery. Valves may either be mechanical or bioprosthetic with each having risks and benefits. Another less invasive procedure, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) may result in benefit but this is for only for a few months. Complications like heart failure may be treated as per normal in those with mild to moderate AS. In those with severe disease a number of medications should be avoided including ACE inhibitors, nitroglycerin, and some beta blockers. Nitroprusside or phenylephrine may be used in those with decompensated heart failure depending on the blood pressure.Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world. It affects about 2% of people who are over 65 years of age. Estimated rates are not known in most of the developing world as of 2014. In those who have symptoms, without repair, the chance of death at five years is about 50% and at 10 years is about 90%. Aortic stenosis was first described by French physician Lazare Rivière in 1663.