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Dependent Clauses
Dependent Clauses

... cannot. Although a dependent clause has its subject and verb, it does not express a complete thought, in its sentence meaning or grammar. According to the dependent clause’s function in the sentence, there are three types of dependent clauses: noun clauses, adjective clauses, and adverbial clauses. ...
Phrases
Phrases

... Example 1. The train arrived at the platform. 21. The troll under the bridge opened his eyes. 22. Thinking carefully, Sinead arrived at the right answer. 23. Has anyone looked outside since the rain stopped? 24. The antibiotics should have stopped the infection. ...
Adjective, Adverb, & Noun Clauses
Adjective, Adverb, & Noun Clauses

... If you take the adjective clause out of your sentence, your sentence will still be left with a main clause. Examples: 1. Allison likes pathways where she can see other people in case of an emergency. Where can she see other people in an emergency? 2. Many people are often found where they should not ...
Collective nouns
Collective nouns

... from verbs by the addition of -ing, nouns formed from verbs using other suffixes such as organization and discovery, agent nouns formed from verbs usually with the suffix -er or -or, as in actor and worker, feminine forms of nouns such as actress, lioness, nouns formed from adjectives such as happin ...
Verbals - Taylor County Schools
Verbals - Taylor County Schools

... • I missed the road to take to the beach. • The place to see moose is Canada. • I need a place to keep my book bag. Adjective infinitive phrases will come directly after a noun and modify it by answering “which?” or “what kind?.” ...
Parts of speech: Solid citizens or slippery
Parts of speech: Solid citizens or slippery

... The upshot is that using notional definitions on sentence (1) would allow us to c­ onstrue tea either as a thing or as an event, which suggests that the choice of PoS is somewhat arbitrary. Compare lightning, which has no good semantic reason to be a noun, since it isn’t really a thing. In Hopi the ...
Participial Phrases
Participial Phrases

... 5. He won the game by scoring during the overtime period. 6. Her most important achievement was winning the national championship. 7. Going to work today took all my energy. 8. Fighting for a losing cause made them depressed. ...
Method and device for parsing natural language sentences and
Method and device for parsing natural language sentences and

... sentences to noun-, verb-, and prepositional phrases; these to lexical categories such as noun, adjective, and determiner; and these to speci?c Words. An example is: sentenceQnoun ...
Phrases Packet - STUDENT
Phrases Packet - STUDENT

... A gerund with _______________________ or a complement, all acting together as a ________________. Gerund Phrases His constant, angry ranting made Napoleon difficult to tolerate. Arguing about grades will get you nowhere. Answering quickly is not always a good idea. Many places in France prohibit wal ...
Conclusion - E
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Chapter 6 Syntax: Words in Combination
Chapter 6 Syntax: Words in Combination

... states, actions, or activities to particular individuals or entities. This is done in part through grammatical relationships between verbs and noun phrases. These relations are grammatically marked and are independent of the semantic relationships between verbs and their arguments. The principles of ...
Anaphora  Resolution  for  Question  Answering
Anaphora Resolution for Question Answering

... the general case, and because these are the most common uses of pronouns. In a system with this focus, the first step in resolving a pronoun is to determine whether it is pleonastic, and if not, to identify all noun phrases occurring before it as possible antecedents. Once the set of potential antec ...
Prepositional Phrase - St. Clairsville Schools
Prepositional Phrase - St. Clairsville Schools

... (Another Prepositional Phrase) “Don’t hide! It’s just as easy since you know what an adverb is right?” An Adverb describes: V, Adj., Adv. ...
Grammar in the Vertical Alignment + Teaching Parallel Structure
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... independent clause is not parallel with the active voice verbs in the other clauses.] Parallel: Patrick, who fumbled the football four times during the game and who lost the ball three times in the red zone but who did manage to carry the ball over the goal line once, was likely the main reason for ...
Two Kinds of Prepositional Phrases:
Two Kinds of Prepositional Phrases:

... behind the garage. The first prepositional phrase in this sentence, “in the window,” is an adverb phrase that modifies the verb “flew” and answers the question where. The second prepositional phrase, “behind the garage,” modifies the noun “window,” and answers the question which one, or which window ...
the equivalence and shift in the english translation of indonesian
the equivalence and shift in the english translation of indonesian

... 2) Category shift is a departure from formal correspondence in translation. Category shift occurs if the source language (SL) has different forms from the target language (TL). So category shifts are: 2.1) Structure shift is to be the most common form of shift and involve mostly a shift in grammatic ...
Sentence Analysis from the Point of View of Traditional
Sentence Analysis from the Point of View of Traditional

... After diagramming the sentence, we then can either explain its analysis from top to down or from bottom up. In the former case S stands for the whole sentence, NP for noun phrase, VP for verb phrase. Yet, the sentence S consists of two elements: a noun phrase (NP) and a verb phrase (VP). Furthermore ...
Formula Definition Explanation Example S, conj S sentence comma
Formula Definition Explanation Example S, conj S sentence comma

... In a series of three or more adjectives modifying a single noun, place a comma after each adjective except the last adjective. An appositive is a parenthetical expression placed between commas after a noun. It provides more information about that noun. *An appositive may be placed at the end of a se ...
Linguistics Tripos Part One, Paper 2 Lecture Two
Linguistics Tripos Part One, Paper 2 Lecture Two

... There are 3,628,800 possible orders for this 10-word sentence, 3,628,798 of which are ungrammatical. What is the other two grammatical order? ...
sentence ([the, girl, sing, a, song], []).
sentence ([the, girl, sing, a, song], []).

... • The difference list is an alternative data structure for representing a list. • Incomplete list is an example of such structures. For example, [1,2,3 | X] is an incomplete list whereas [1,2,3,4] is a complete list. • Consider a complete list [1, 2, 3]. We can represent it as the difference of the ...
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Pinker, Chapter 4

... pairing of a sound with a meaning. The word dog does not look like a dog, walk like a dog, or woof like a dog, but it means "dog" just the same. It does so because every English speaker has undergone an identical act of rote learning in childhood that links the sound to the meaning. For the price of ...
developing-revising-prose
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... Noun phrases are structures most often headed by a noun, but they may be headed by a pronoun, or by any other word or structure that stands in for a noun. Because there are more nouns than any other part of speech in the English vocabulary, noun phrases offer a tremendous stock of meaning. Not only ...
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... Use of word order S12: look for the first n-v-n sequence to be an agent, action, and object, unless the sequence is marked otherwise.  **Passive clauses  S13: look for the first two clauses to describe the first of two events , and the second clause to the second event, unless they are marked oth ...
Gerunds
Gerunds

... 2) Introduce the term "gerunds." 3) Identify gerunds and participles in a sentence. 4) Create sentences using gerunds and participles as sentence ...
File - Mrs. Bowles​MHS English Department
File - Mrs. Bowles​MHS English Department

... Words, phrases, and clauses in a series are usually separated by commas to show the reader where one item in the series ends and the next item begins. Words in a Series _________________________________________________________________ Barbecue, hammock, canoe, and moccasin are four of the words that ...
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Determiner phrase



In linguistics, a determiner phrase (DP) is a type of phrase posited by some theories of syntax. The head of a DP is a determiner, as opposed to a noun. For example in the phrase the car, the is a determiner and car is a noun; the two combine to form a phrase, and on the DP-analysis, the determiner the is head over the noun car. The existence of DPs is a controversial issue in the study of syntax. The traditional analysis of phrases such as the car is that the noun is the head, which means the phrase is a noun phrase (NP), not a determiner phrase. Beginning in the mid 1980s, an alternative analysis arose that posits the determiner as the head, which makes the phrase a DP instead of an NP.The DP-analysis of phrases such as the car is the majority view in generative grammar today (Government and Binding and Minimalist Program), but is a minority stance in the study of syntax and grammar in general. Most frameworks outside of generative grammar continue to assume the traditional NP analysis of noun phrases. For instance, representational phrase structure grammars assume NP, e.g. Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar, and most dependency grammars such as Meaning-Text Theory, Functional Generative Description, Lexicase Grammar also assume the traditional NP-analysis of noun phrases, Word Grammar being the one exception. Construction Grammar and Role and Reference Grammar also assume NP instead of DP. Furthermore, the DP-analysis does not reach into the teaching of grammar in schools in the English-speaking world, and certainly not in the non-English-speaking world. Since the existence of DPs is a controversial issue that splits the syntax community into two camps (DP vs. NP), this article strives to accommodate both views. Some arguments supporting/refuting both analyses are considered.
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