What`s LFG
... ● Grammatical functions are basic concepts of grammar. They represent abstract syntactic relations and are largely invariable across languages in the sense that they are selected from a more or less well established set: SUBJ, OBJ, OBJ2, OBL, ADJ … ● Grammatical functions are syntactic primitives: t ...
... ● Grammatical functions are basic concepts of grammar. They represent abstract syntactic relations and are largely invariable across languages in the sense that they are selected from a more or less well established set: SUBJ, OBJ, OBJ2, OBL, ADJ … ● Grammatical functions are syntactic primitives: t ...
INTERPRETING SYNTACTICALLY ILL
... vidual words when full syntactic analysis fails. Even if we agree in stating the importance of a strong interaction between syntax and semantics, our approach is quite different from c) (as well as from the other ones). For this reason, and in spite of the fact that a detailed description of the par ...
... vidual words when full syntactic analysis fails. Even if we agree in stating the importance of a strong interaction between syntax and semantics, our approach is quite different from c) (as well as from the other ones). For this reason, and in spite of the fact that a detailed description of the par ...
The Dependency Structure of Coordinate Phrases
... analysis of naturally-occurring written language—and depends on two fundamental premises, both of them quite well-established. (1) In situations of syntactic choice—where there is more than one way of expressing something—people tend to use the construction that is syntactically less complex or comp ...
... analysis of naturally-occurring written language—and depends on two fundamental premises, both of them quite well-established. (1) In situations of syntactic choice—where there is more than one way of expressing something—people tend to use the construction that is syntactically less complex or comp ...
A Left-Branching Grammar Design for Incremental Parsing
... that, in turn, call for different grammar designs. The notion of incremental parsing/processing is well established in the psycholinguistic literature, and refers to the notion of words being added to an overall syntactic structure one by one. This is evidenced by studies showing that sentences in h ...
... that, in turn, call for different grammar designs. The notion of incremental parsing/processing is well established in the psycholinguistic literature, and refers to the notion of words being added to an overall syntactic structure one by one. This is evidenced by studies showing that sentences in h ...
Executable Specifications of Fully General Attribute Grammars with
... In an Attribute Grammar (AG) [6], syntax rules of a context-free grammar (CFG) are augmented with semantic rules to describe the meaning of a contextfree language. AG systems have been constructed primarily as compilable parsergenerators for formal languages. Little evidence could be found where ful ...
... In an Attribute Grammar (AG) [6], syntax rules of a context-free grammar (CFG) are augmented with semantic rules to describe the meaning of a contextfree language. AG systems have been constructed primarily as compilable parsergenerators for formal languages. Little evidence could be found where ful ...
Chapter 7 From word..
... In English, case is a special form of the noun which frequently corresponds to a combination of preposition and noun, and it is realized in three channels: ...
... In English, case is a special form of the noun which frequently corresponds to a combination of preposition and noun, and it is realized in three channels: ...
What is Syntax? Hierarchical Structure Lexical Categories Open vs
... A Toy Grammar § X, Y are phrasal categories, a, b, c, d are lexical categories ...
... A Toy Grammar § X, Y are phrasal categories, a, b, c, d are lexical categories ...
The IULA Spanish LSP Treebank
... The derivation tree is encoded in a nested, parenthesized structure whose elements correspond to identifiers of grammar rules and lexical items. Phrase structure rules --marked by the sufix `_c ' (for `construction')– identify the daughter sequence, separated by a hyphen, and, in headed-phrase cons ...
... The derivation tree is encoded in a nested, parenthesized structure whose elements correspond to identifiers of grammar rules and lexical items. Phrase structure rules --marked by the sufix `_c ' (for `construction')– identify the daughter sequence, separated by a hyphen, and, in headed-phrase cons ...
PADL Talk 2008-01-04 - School of Computer Science
... 4. Montague Semantics is polymorphic. For example, the denotation of the word “and” can be used when conjoining nouns, verbs, and termphrases. Montague also accounts for intensionality and modality, allowing the interpretation of phrases such as the title of this slide. The semantics is also highly ...
... 4. Montague Semantics is polymorphic. For example, the denotation of the word “and” can be used when conjoining nouns, verbs, and termphrases. Montague also accounts for intensionality and modality, allowing the interpretation of phrases such as the title of this slide. The semantics is also highly ...
Method and device for parsing natural language sentences and
... example, to the cognitive parser the sentences “The squirrel buried a nut” and “My aunts sent a telegram” are equivalent. The parser thus operates at a level more basic than syntactic ...
... example, to the cognitive parser the sentences “The squirrel buried a nut” and “My aunts sent a telegram” are equivalent. The parser thus operates at a level more basic than syntactic ...
linking in fluid construction grammars
... structure represented as feature structures. One is not done before the other (as in strictly modular approaches to language processing) but both are built up at the same time. Following other feature-structure based formalisms, the sentence structure will consist of units with slots containing info ...
... structure represented as feature structures. One is not done before the other (as in strictly modular approaches to language processing) but both are built up at the same time. Following other feature-structure based formalisms, the sentence structure will consist of units with slots containing info ...
Context Free Grammars 10/28/2003 Reading: Chap 9, Jurafsky
... In CFG-style phrase-structure grammars the main focus is on constituents. But it turns out you can get a lot done with just binary relations among the words in an utterance. In a dependency grammar framework, a parse is a tree where the nodes stand for the words in an utterance The links between the ...
... In CFG-style phrase-structure grammars the main focus is on constituents. But it turns out you can get a lot done with just binary relations among the words in an utterance. In a dependency grammar framework, a parse is a tree where the nodes stand for the words in an utterance The links between the ...
Neurocognition of Language
... • In whatever you try to measure, you will find a lot of noise • no escape from forming precise (and falsifiable) hypotheses: a theory is your eyes - without it you are blind ...
... • In whatever you try to measure, you will find a lot of noise • no escape from forming precise (and falsifiable) hypotheses: a theory is your eyes - without it you are blind ...
Representing Paraphrases Using Synchronous TAGS
... to be made for verbs in the matrix clause which have complementation patterns different from that of the above examples; the same is true for verbs in the subordinate clause. For more complex matchings, the making and pairing of derived trees becomes combinatorially large. A more compact definition ...
... to be made for verbs in the matrix clause which have complementation patterns different from that of the above examples; the same is true for verbs in the subordinate clause. For more complex matchings, the making and pairing of derived trees becomes combinatorially large. A more compact definition ...
that Mary helped George
... In order to turn this structure into recognizable English, we also need lexical rules: Which words can be used in the same spot. ...
... In order to turn this structure into recognizable English, we also need lexical rules: Which words can be used in the same spot. ...
What is phrase structure grammar? What are its limitations? There
... means of `re-write' rules. In this model the linguist formalizes the grammar by means of generative rules which explicitly assign the correct constituent structure to sentences. Such systems are called simple `phrase structure grammars'. This model of grammar shows not only the terminal elements or ...
... means of `re-write' rules. In this model the linguist formalizes the grammar by means of generative rules which explicitly assign the correct constituent structure to sentences. Such systems are called simple `phrase structure grammars'. This model of grammar shows not only the terminal elements or ...
Language and Cognition Colombo, June 2011
... • C is a functional head that has a projection higher than the level of the sentence • The moved element is shown with an arrow attached, linking it to its original position • The trace of movement is marked with a t ...
... • C is a functional head that has a projection higher than the level of the sentence • The moved element is shown with an arrow attached, linking it to its original position • The trace of movement is marked with a t ...
Syntax: Fundamentals
... In (18a) the prepositional phrase, functioning as an indirect object is moved to the front, separated by a comma, specifying a special reference. In (18b) we have the so-called ‘cleft’sentence – a special emphatic construction which can be used to stress some sentence constituents. What would happen ...
... In (18a) the prepositional phrase, functioning as an indirect object is moved to the front, separated by a comma, specifying a special reference. In (18b) we have the so-called ‘cleft’sentence – a special emphatic construction which can be used to stress some sentence constituents. What would happen ...
Lecture 4 - ufal wiki
... Whoever [Y1] is [X1,Y2] undertaking the job has [X2] to understand this Whatever [Y1] I saw [X1,Y2] cost [X2] a fortune NB: We need to distinguish between these clauses and clauses formed with interrogative pronouns: *Who is undertaking the job has to understand this Who is undertaking the j ...
... Whoever [Y1] is [X1,Y2] undertaking the job has [X2] to understand this Whatever [Y1] I saw [X1,Y2] cost [X2] a fortune NB: We need to distinguish between these clauses and clauses formed with interrogative pronouns: *Who is undertaking the job has to understand this Who is undertaking the j ...
document
... Some terminology constituent syntactic unit consisting of one or more words = node (in tree) root node branching node terminal node ...
... Some terminology constituent syntactic unit consisting of one or more words = node (in tree) root node branching node terminal node ...
Sentence diagram generation using dependency parsing
... information and is still subject to many problems in representational differences. Another problem with this approach is that they only used ten sentences for comparison, randomly selected from the Brown corpus. This sparse data set is not necessarily congruous with the overall accuracy of these par ...
... information and is still subject to many problems in representational differences. Another problem with this approach is that they only used ten sentences for comparison, randomly selected from the Brown corpus. This sparse data set is not necessarily congruous with the overall accuracy of these par ...
Title The Syntactic Buoyancy Principle and English reading Author
... With this much explanation, students generally become capable of estimating weights of constituents fairly accurately. I then introduce the Syntactic Buoyancy Principle as a broad generalization to account for certain word order facts in English. (4) the Syntactic Buoyancy Principle A light ...
... With this much explanation, students generally become capable of estimating weights of constituents fairly accurately. I then introduce the Syntactic Buoyancy Principle as a broad generalization to account for certain word order facts in English. (4) the Syntactic Buoyancy Principle A light ...
Lecture 06
... In addition to specifier and head, phrases may contain a complement. Complements are phrases themselves. The existence of their heads is implied by the meaning of the head in the main phrase: [NP the books about something] [VP never eat something] [AP quite certain about something] [PP almost ...
... In addition to specifier and head, phrases may contain a complement. Complements are phrases themselves. The existence of their heads is implied by the meaning of the head in the main phrase: [NP the books about something] [VP never eat something] [AP quite certain about something] [PP almost ...
Dependency grammar
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Dependency grammar (DG) is a class of modern syntactic theories that are all based on the dependency relation (as opposed to the constituency relation) and that can be traced back primarily to the work of Lucien Tesnière. Dependency is the notion that linguistic units, e.g. words, are connected to each other by directed links. The (finite) verb is taken to be the structural center of clause structure. All other syntactic units (words) are either directly or indirectly connected to the verb in terms of the directed links, which are called dependencies. DGs are distinct from phrase structure grammars (constituency grammars), since DGs lack phrasal nodes - although they acknowledge phrases. Structure is determined by the relation between a word (a head) and its dependents. Dependency structures are flatter than constituency structures in part because they lack a finite verb phrase constituent, and they are thus well suited for the analysis of languages with free word order, such as Czech, Turkish, and Warlpiri.