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Low biodiversity state persists two decades after cessation of nutrient enrichment
... opportunity for re-colonisation. Second, we tested whether the observed lack of recovery depended on neighbour plot richness (Hawthorne 2012), which was quantified as the mean number of species in all adjacent plots (including up to eight plots along the four edges and at the four corners of a plot ...
... opportunity for re-colonisation. Second, we tested whether the observed lack of recovery depended on neighbour plot richness (Hawthorne 2012), which was quantified as the mean number of species in all adjacent plots (including up to eight plots along the four edges and at the four corners of a plot ...
A FRAMEWORK FOR COMMUNITY AND ECOSYSTEM GENETICS
... Gehring, C.A., R.C. Mueller, and T.G. Whitham. 2006. Environmental and genetic effects on the formation of ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in cottonwoods. OECOLOGIA (in press). Gitlin, A., C.M. Stultz, M.A. Bowker, S. Stumpf, K. Ecton, K. Kennedy, A. Munoz, J.K. Bailey, and T ...
... Gehring, C.A., R.C. Mueller, and T.G. Whitham. 2006. Environmental and genetic effects on the formation of ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in cottonwoods. OECOLOGIA (in press). Gitlin, A., C.M. Stultz, M.A. Bowker, S. Stumpf, K. Ecton, K. Kennedy, A. Munoz, J.K. Bailey, and T ...
Ninety-seven million years of angiosperm-insect
... The ditrysian Gracillariidae is the most diverse family of leaf-mining Lepidoptera, constituting -1700 described species in 70 genera (46). Of the three gracillariid subfamilies, the Phyllocnistinae is the most derived and has an extremely broad host range, encompassing almost all dicotyledonous sub ...
... The ditrysian Gracillariidae is the most diverse family of leaf-mining Lepidoptera, constituting -1700 described species in 70 genera (46). Of the three gracillariid subfamilies, the Phyllocnistinae is the most derived and has an extremely broad host range, encompassing almost all dicotyledonous sub ...
Coexistence and relative abundance in annual plant assemblages
... largest-seeded, competitive species are the least abundant. This relationship is more accurately described by a constraint line, where small-seeded species can be either common or sparse, while large-seeded species are consistently rare (Guo et al. 2000). Leishman and Murray (2001) have recently sho ...
... largest-seeded, competitive species are the least abundant. This relationship is more accurately described by a constraint line, where small-seeded species can be either common or sparse, while large-seeded species are consistently rare (Guo et al. 2000). Leishman and Murray (2001) have recently sho ...
What enables coexistence in plant communities? Weak versus
... Explaining the coexistence of species that basically depend on the same resources has been a brainteaser for generations of ecologists. Different mechanisms have been proposed to facilitate coexistence in plant communities, where space is an important resource. Using a stochastic cellular automaton ...
... Explaining the coexistence of species that basically depend on the same resources has been a brainteaser for generations of ecologists. Different mechanisms have been proposed to facilitate coexistence in plant communities, where space is an important resource. Using a stochastic cellular automaton ...
Ants, Bees, Wasps and the Majority of Insect Parasitoids.
... The latter of these two was in turn subdivided into two groups, known as "Parasitica" (or "Terebrantia") and Aculeata, with the category of infraorder or section depending on the authors. Recent phylogenetic studies based on combined morphological and molecular characters (see Tree of Hymenoptera) d ...
... The latter of these two was in turn subdivided into two groups, known as "Parasitica" (or "Terebrantia") and Aculeata, with the category of infraorder or section depending on the authors. Recent phylogenetic studies based on combined morphological and molecular characters (see Tree of Hymenoptera) d ...
Caddisfly diapause aggregations facilitate benthic invertebrate colonization
... In all analyses, the response variables were total abundance (log10 transformed), species density and species richness. Data sets were analysed first using a , the results of which were highly significant (Table 2). We therefore proceeded with individual s for log10 (total abundance), spe ...
... In all analyses, the response variables were total abundance (log10 transformed), species density and species richness. Data sets were analysed first using a , the results of which were highly significant (Table 2). We therefore proceeded with individual s for log10 (total abundance), spe ...
Limiting similarity, species packing, and the shape of
... traits. When discussing evolutionary history, the point is often made that there have been transitional forms, appearing in a sequence from ancestral to derived, and that the transitional forms have gone extinct from competition with emerging forms. This observation suggests that competition is cruc ...
... traits. When discussing evolutionary history, the point is often made that there have been transitional forms, appearing in a sequence from ancestral to derived, and that the transitional forms have gone extinct from competition with emerging forms. This observation suggests that competition is cruc ...
Seqential Predation: A Multi
... gQ1). If predators are present (Zq0), a different situation arises. After the third dimension (Z) is added, this equilibrium with no predators may, for some parameter values, lose stability and a pair of new attracting equilibria emerge. One of these two new equilibria has a high density of the earl ...
... gQ1). If predators are present (Zq0), a different situation arises. After the third dimension (Z) is added, this equilibrium with no predators may, for some parameter values, lose stability and a pair of new attracting equilibria emerge. One of these two new equilibria has a high density of the earl ...
The Interplay of Biotic and Abiotic Factors in a Semiarid
... Arid systems offer unusual opportunities to investigate these hypotheses because of high variability of rainfall both within and between years. In the Western Hemisphere. arid regions often have high rainfall associated with El Nifio Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. leading to shifting conditions ...
... Arid systems offer unusual opportunities to investigate these hypotheses because of high variability of rainfall both within and between years. In the Western Hemisphere. arid regions often have high rainfall associated with El Nifio Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. leading to shifting conditions ...
Marine Ecology Progress Series 510:241
... density, which, in turn, may influence blooming potential. We studied 11 scyphistoma species in 6 combinations of temperature and food supply to test the effects of these factors on asexual reproduction strategies and reproduction rates. Temperature and food availability increased reproduction rates ...
... density, which, in turn, may influence blooming potential. We studied 11 scyphistoma species in 6 combinations of temperature and food supply to test the effects of these factors on asexual reproduction strategies and reproduction rates. Temperature and food availability increased reproduction rates ...
Changes in plant community composition, not diversity, during a
... include data from 2002 in these analyses because they were pre-treatment data, and in 2002, there were no community or productivity differences between any of the treatments (data not shown). For the mycorrhizal data, we performed separate analysis of variance tests for each year using the GLM proce ...
... include data from 2002 in these analyses because they were pre-treatment data, and in 2002, there were no community or productivity differences between any of the treatments (data not shown). For the mycorrhizal data, we performed separate analysis of variance tests for each year using the GLM proce ...
The evolution of early Foraminifera
... period. Molecular data provide an important tool with which to investigate this otherwise cryptic period, by permitting inference of the phylogeny of extant species that may be related to ancestral forms, and by providing molecular clocks by which to estimate their divergence times. For example, mol ...
... period. Molecular data provide an important tool with which to investigate this otherwise cryptic period, by permitting inference of the phylogeny of extant species that may be related to ancestral forms, and by providing molecular clocks by which to estimate their divergence times. For example, mol ...
From regional to global patterns in vertebrate scavenger
... the hunted individual is often abandoned in the field (Vicente et al., 2011). Although these trophy hunting remains are additionally exploited by local communities in some regions (e.g. Africa; Baldus et al., 2008), tonnes of carrion yearly subsidize ecosystems world-wide (e.g. ~1.0108 tonnes per y ...
... the hunted individual is often abandoned in the field (Vicente et al., 2011). Although these trophy hunting remains are additionally exploited by local communities in some regions (e.g. Africa; Baldus et al., 2008), tonnes of carrion yearly subsidize ecosystems world-wide (e.g. ~1.0108 tonnes per y ...
Community dynamics and ecosystem simplification in a high
... peaks of CCA and calcified filter feeder percent cover through time; Fig. 1C and Fig. S1). In the low pH zones, biofilm/filamentous algae, calcified filter feeders, CCA, and fleshy turf algae all became established in the early stages of succession (Fig. S1). Whereas the percent cover of biofilm/filamentous ...
... peaks of CCA and calcified filter feeder percent cover through time; Fig. 1C and Fig. S1). In the low pH zones, biofilm/filamentous algae, calcified filter feeders, CCA, and fleshy turf algae all became established in the early stages of succession (Fig. S1). Whereas the percent cover of biofilm/filamentous ...
Chapter 2 Diatoms in the pelagic and benthic environment
... 1998). This method is best treated as a semi-quantitative method and is most useful for distinguishing relative rather than absolute abundance. But it is unclear as to what proportions of cells are resting stages and vegetative cells, thus giving a minimum estimate. The approach of the present study ...
... 1998). This method is best treated as a semi-quantitative method and is most useful for distinguishing relative rather than absolute abundance. But it is unclear as to what proportions of cells are resting stages and vegetative cells, thus giving a minimum estimate. The approach of the present study ...
A Comparison of Pollinator Landings on Lantana camara with Three
... Mimosa pudica each have inflorescence of multiple flowers while the inflorescence of Catharanthus roseus consists of a single flower. Pollinators may visit any inflorescence multiple times because there are multiple flowers. It makes sense for future studies to count landings per individual flower r ...
... Mimosa pudica each have inflorescence of multiple flowers while the inflorescence of Catharanthus roseus consists of a single flower. Pollinators may visit any inflorescence multiple times because there are multiple flowers. It makes sense for future studies to count landings per individual flower r ...
in the Rio Conejos of southern Colorado
... ABSTRACT,-Thirty-one stonefly species representing eight families were collected during the March 1987 to May 1990 study period. Genera represented by more than one species included Capnia, Utacapnia, Taenionema, Suwallia, Triznaka, Isogenoides, and [soperla. Peak species richness was recorded on or ...
... ABSTRACT,-Thirty-one stonefly species representing eight families were collected during the March 1987 to May 1990 study period. Genera represented by more than one species included Capnia, Utacapnia, Taenionema, Suwallia, Triznaka, Isogenoides, and [soperla. Peak species richness was recorded on or ...
Association among wasps` colonies, ants and
... 1896. Two of the P. rejecta colonies were located at the reserve’s main headquarters, one in the PPBio grid and three at the south headquarters. The S. virginea colony was at the south headquarters. The five active colonies of P. rejecta were situated about 10-20 cm from Azteca nests (Figures 1a, b, ...
... 1896. Two of the P. rejecta colonies were located at the reserve’s main headquarters, one in the PPBio grid and three at the south headquarters. The S. virginea colony was at the south headquarters. The five active colonies of P. rejecta were situated about 10-20 cm from Azteca nests (Figures 1a, b, ...
Post-settlement Diet Shift of Chlorurus sordidus and Scarus
... Li-Shu Chen (2002) Post-settlement diet shift of Chlorurus sordidus and Scarus schlegeli (Pisces: Scaridae). Zoological Studies 41(1): 47-58. Ontogenetic changes in the development of feeding structures and feeding habits of juvenile parrotfishes Chlorurus sordidus and Scarus schlegeli (Family: Scar ...
... Li-Shu Chen (2002) Post-settlement diet shift of Chlorurus sordidus and Scarus schlegeli (Pisces: Scaridae). Zoological Studies 41(1): 47-58. Ontogenetic changes in the development of feeding structures and feeding habits of juvenile parrotfishes Chlorurus sordidus and Scarus schlegeli (Family: Scar ...
Leaf-level nitrogen-use efficiency of canopy and understorey
... Recently, Hikosaka & Hirose (2001) studied the N economy of differently sized individuals growing at different irradiances in a monospecific stand of Xanthium canadense. They demonstrated that larger individuals used N more efficiently (greater above-ground NUE) with higher above-ground NP and longe ...
... Recently, Hikosaka & Hirose (2001) studied the N economy of differently sized individuals growing at different irradiances in a monospecific stand of Xanthium canadense. They demonstrated that larger individuals used N more efficiently (greater above-ground NUE) with higher above-ground NP and longe ...
Proceedings of the 5th International plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria conference
... developed by the seedlings. Columns denoted by a different letter, in each subfigure, differ significantly at P<0.05 by by one-way ANOVA. Bars represent Standard Error. Discussion Semiarid mangrove forests thrive in lagoons lacking dissolved phosphorus and nitrogen sources (14), essential growth ele ...
... developed by the seedlings. Columns denoted by a different letter, in each subfigure, differ significantly at P<0.05 by by one-way ANOVA. Bars represent Standard Error. Discussion Semiarid mangrove forests thrive in lagoons lacking dissolved phosphorus and nitrogen sources (14), essential growth ele ...
Divergence of above- and belowground C and N
... at intervals of more than 10 km. MAP at each site was extracted from the interpolated climate grids (New et al., 2002), using the Raster package in R (Hijmans and van Etten, 2011). The site values closely matched previous estimates based on regional regressions with altitude, latitude and longitude ...
... at intervals of more than 10 km. MAP at each site was extracted from the interpolated climate grids (New et al., 2002), using the Raster package in R (Hijmans and van Etten, 2011). The site values closely matched previous estimates based on regional regressions with altitude, latitude and longitude ...
life histories of stoneflies (plecoptera) in the rio conejos of
... ABSTRACT,-Thirty-one stonefly species representing eight families were collected during the March 1987 to May 1990 study period. Genera represented by more than one species included Capnia, Utacapnia, Taenionema, Suwallia, Triznaka, Isogenoides, and [soperla. Peak species richness was recorded on or ...
... ABSTRACT,-Thirty-one stonefly species representing eight families were collected during the March 1987 to May 1990 study period. Genera represented by more than one species included Capnia, Utacapnia, Taenionema, Suwallia, Triznaka, Isogenoides, and [soperla. Peak species richness was recorded on or ...
Age-related mortality explains life history strategies of tropical and
... achieves higher peak growth, whereas the tropical species expresses faster growth after its peak, allowing it to catch up by fledging. Each data point is a measurement of one nestling. (C to I) Instantaneous growth rate over the entire nestling period for a series of phylogenetically paired species. ...
... achieves higher peak growth, whereas the tropical species expresses faster growth after its peak, allowing it to catch up by fledging. Each data point is a measurement of one nestling. (C to I) Instantaneous growth rate over the entire nestling period for a series of phylogenetically paired species. ...
Ficus rubiginosa
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Curtis.bay.fig.jpg?width=300)
Ficus rubiginosa, the rusty fig, Port Jackson fig, or little-leaf fig (damun in the Sydney language) is a species of flowering plant in the family Moraceae that is native to eastern Australia. It is a banyan of the genus Ficus which contains around 750 species worldwide in warm climates, including the common fig (Ficus carica). Ficus rubiginosa can grow to 30 m (100 ft) high and nearly as wide with a buttressed trunk, and glossy green leaves.