Bulletin of the College of Science, University of the Ryukyus
... M.T.L., 6.8 m above M.L.W.S., the two barnacle species Chthamalus montagui and Balanus balanoides co-occurred and we could not find any trends in their micro-distribution pattern in small quadrat. Many patches of the brown alga Pelvetia canaliculata were seen at the 8 —9 m level and Littorina saxati ...
... M.T.L., 6.8 m above M.L.W.S., the two barnacle species Chthamalus montagui and Balanus balanoides co-occurred and we could not find any trends in their micro-distribution pattern in small quadrat. Many patches of the brown alga Pelvetia canaliculata were seen at the 8 —9 m level and Littorina saxati ...
Neotropical Anachronisms: The Fruits the Gomphotheres Ate
... are at least 39 species of trees or Large shrubs (Table 2) that are reasonable candidates for a reconstruction such as that envisioned for Scheelea palms and gomphotheres. These trees and shrubs display a set of fruit and seed traits in common-traits that are puzzling if examined only in the context ...
... are at least 39 species of trees or Large shrubs (Table 2) that are reasonable candidates for a reconstruction such as that envisioned for Scheelea palms and gomphotheres. These trees and shrubs display a set of fruit and seed traits in common-traits that are puzzling if examined only in the context ...
Mass rearing the endangered Palos Verdes blue butterfly
... Oviposition and the egg stage Eggs are laid singly, usually on the foodplant flower buds and developing seedpods, secondarily on young stems and leaves. We have only limited data for average egg production per female because most rearing was performed using several mating pairs that were not individ ...
... Oviposition and the egg stage Eggs are laid singly, usually on the foodplant flower buds and developing seedpods, secondarily on young stems and leaves. We have only limited data for average egg production per female because most rearing was performed using several mating pairs that were not individ ...
High trophic overlap within the seabird community of Argentinean
... of 14 species of seabirds breeding on the Argentinean Patagonian coast. Tissue samples were collected from nestling and adult seabirds, as well as prey, during three consecutive breeding seasons in 28 breeding colonies. 2. Relative to those in other temperate and polar regions, this seabird communit ...
... of 14 species of seabirds breeding on the Argentinean Patagonian coast. Tissue samples were collected from nestling and adult seabirds, as well as prey, during three consecutive breeding seasons in 28 breeding colonies. 2. Relative to those in other temperate and polar regions, this seabird communit ...
What is a Katydid?
... Katydids (Tettigoniidae) are one of the most common members of tropical insect communities, whose distribution range from the littoral zone of the shoreline, to the various life zones of tropical rainforests. Presently, Tettigoniidae contains more than 1000 genera with over 6400 described species (N ...
... Katydids (Tettigoniidae) are one of the most common members of tropical insect communities, whose distribution range from the littoral zone of the shoreline, to the various life zones of tropical rainforests. Presently, Tettigoniidae contains more than 1000 genera with over 6400 described species (N ...
community - canesbio
... • Ecologists call relationships between species in a community interspecific interactions. • Examples are competition, predation, herbivory, and symbiosis (parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism). • Interspecific interactions can affect the survival and reproduction of each species, and the effects ...
... • Ecologists call relationships between species in a community interspecific interactions. • Examples are competition, predation, herbivory, and symbiosis (parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism). • Interspecific interactions can affect the survival and reproduction of each species, and the effects ...
Consistency of species ranking based on functional leaf traits
... species may be confounded by interactions with the environment. It may, therefore, be asked how traits can be used to classify species relative to one another in a consistent way, even if their absolute values vary across environments – that is even if they are plastic. The aim of this study was to ...
... species may be confounded by interactions with the environment. It may, therefore, be asked how traits can be used to classify species relative to one another in a consistent way, even if their absolute values vary across environments – that is even if they are plastic. The aim of this study was to ...
Chapter 54
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
Using constraint lines to characterize plant
... thinning law has most often been applied to intraspecific competition in forestry and other monocultures, it is very general and can often be used to characterize the combined effects of intra- and interspecific competition in forests and other polycultures (White 1980, Westoby 1984, Guo and Rundel ...
... thinning law has most often been applied to intraspecific competition in forestry and other monocultures, it is very general and can often be used to characterize the combined effects of intra- and interspecific competition in forests and other polycultures (White 1980, Westoby 1984, Guo and Rundel ...
Species selection in hardwoods research
... taken in triplicate. Average daily greenhouse air temperatures ranged between 23.2°C−23.7°C during the period when data measurements were taken. The highest and lowest recorded temperatures in the greenhouse during the study were 18.4°C and 30.7°C (these numbers indicate the coolest and warmest temp ...
... taken in triplicate. Average daily greenhouse air temperatures ranged between 23.2°C−23.7°C during the period when data measurements were taken. The highest and lowest recorded temperatures in the greenhouse during the study were 18.4°C and 30.7°C (these numbers indicate the coolest and warmest temp ...
population
... variation that allows them to produce DNA without errors • These viruses have a greater reproductive success and increase in number relative to the susceptible viruses • The population of HIV viruses has therefore developed resistance to 3TC • The ability of bacteria and viruses to evolve rapidly po ...
... variation that allows them to produce DNA without errors • These viruses have a greater reproductive success and increase in number relative to the susceptible viruses • The population of HIV viruses has therefore developed resistance to 3TC • The ability of bacteria and viruses to evolve rapidly po ...
Phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence for the role of food and
... Rambaut 2007) is given in Fig. 1. However, to incorporate uncertainty in topology and branch lengths, we sampled from the posterior distribution of ultrametric trees (with relative branch lengths) and used this set of trees in our analyses. We have previously reported the relative phylogenetic signa ...
... Rambaut 2007) is given in Fig. 1. However, to incorporate uncertainty in topology and branch lengths, we sampled from the posterior distribution of ultrametric trees (with relative branch lengths) and used this set of trees in our analyses. We have previously reported the relative phylogenetic signa ...
Food web relationships involving Anadiplosis sp. galls
... between gall makers, inquilines and other associated arthropods. This contrasts with the view of Lawton & Strong (1981), who state that although ants and bees provide many good examples of competition, competition for food between phytophagous species is unusual. One species of Vespidae (Hymenoptera ...
... between gall makers, inquilines and other associated arthropods. This contrasts with the view of Lawton & Strong (1981), who state that although ants and bees provide many good examples of competition, competition for food between phytophagous species is unusual. One species of Vespidae (Hymenoptera ...
Are introduced rats (Rattus rattus) both seed predators and
... For each feeding trial, fruits of a single species, collected fresh from Kahanahaiki, were placed in each cage with a rat for 24 hours. The number of fruits offered to each rat matched the quantity used (N = 1-3) for each treatment in the field. Water was always available in each cage. After 24 hour ...
... For each feeding trial, fruits of a single species, collected fresh from Kahanahaiki, were placed in each cage with a rat for 24 hours. The number of fruits offered to each rat matched the quantity used (N = 1-3) for each treatment in the field. Water was always available in each cage. After 24 hour ...
Termites, vertebrate herbivores, and the fruiting success of Acacia
... success of Acacia drepanalobium, the whistling thorn acacia. Acacia drepanalobium is the numerically dominant tree within grasslands on the Laikipia plateau of central Kenya and across large areas of savanna on black cotton soils in upland east Africa, in some areas creating an almost single-species ...
... success of Acacia drepanalobium, the whistling thorn acacia. Acacia drepanalobium is the numerically dominant tree within grasslands on the Laikipia plateau of central Kenya and across large areas of savanna on black cotton soils in upland east Africa, in some areas creating an almost single-species ...
Testing aggregation hypotheses among Neotropical trees and
... to produce regularity (Wright 1982, Picard et al. 2009). Taken together these results show that small scales are critical to non-random spatial patterns (He et. al. 1996), suggesting that small-scale phenomena such as dispersal and gap recruitment determine spatial patterns more than adaptation to l ...
... to produce regularity (Wright 1982, Picard et al. 2009). Taken together these results show that small scales are critical to non-random spatial patterns (He et. al. 1996), suggesting that small-scale phenomena such as dispersal and gap recruitment determine spatial patterns more than adaptation to l ...
Uca rapax (Mudflat Fiddler Crab)
... They are considered medium level in the trophic chain (Figueiredo et al., 2008). The mature males can only feed with the smaller pincer while the female can feed with both pincers. Studies have shown that females spend a lot more time feeding than males due to nutrients spent on reproduction. The fo ...
... They are considered medium level in the trophic chain (Figueiredo et al., 2008). The mature males can only feed with the smaller pincer while the female can feed with both pincers. Studies have shown that females spend a lot more time feeding than males due to nutrients spent on reproduction. The fo ...
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... sizes f u r n ~ s h e dinformation on the distribution of microphytobenthic organisms (diatoms and dinoflagellates) over 3 spatial scales: microscale (10 to 1000 cm2), mesoscale (1000 cm2 to 100 m2) and macroscale (100 to 10000 m?). Analyses of the data disclosed the aggregated character of distribu ...
... sizes f u r n ~ s h e dinformation on the distribution of microphytobenthic organisms (diatoms and dinoflagellates) over 3 spatial scales: microscale (10 to 1000 cm2), mesoscale (1000 cm2 to 100 m2) and macroscale (100 to 10000 m?). Analyses of the data disclosed the aggregated character of distribu ...
Feeding behavior of yellow baboons
... Little is known at present concerning the determinants of food choice by the Amboseli baboons, although work on this problem is underway (S. A. Altmann, in preparation; see also Altmann and Wagner, 1978; Hausfater and Bearce, 1976). Several observations may be relevant to this question. First, a sub ...
... Little is known at present concerning the determinants of food choice by the Amboseli baboons, although work on this problem is underway (S. A. Altmann, in preparation; see also Altmann and Wagner, 1978; Hausfater and Bearce, 1976). Several observations may be relevant to this question. First, a sub ...
Studies and reconstructions of dire wolf (Canis dirus) and Grey wolf
... selenodont-like molars as in modern artiodactyles, a rare occurrence of herbivory among carnivorans. These early borophagines are generally no larger than a raccoon, which is probably a good ecological model for some borophagines at a time when procyonids had yet to diversify. After some transitiona ...
... selenodont-like molars as in modern artiodactyles, a rare occurrence of herbivory among carnivorans. These early borophagines are generally no larger than a raccoon, which is probably a good ecological model for some borophagines at a time when procyonids had yet to diversify. After some transitiona ...
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... relative abundance by 2 to 9 '10, shifting the a g e frequency distribution to the left. In 1983 all a g e groups older than 35 yr were absent, suggesting complete removal of this segment of the population. The largest relative decrease in abundance was for 20 to 25-yr-old colonies. The declines in ...
... relative abundance by 2 to 9 '10, shifting the a g e frequency distribution to the left. In 1983 all a g e groups older than 35 yr were absent, suggesting complete removal of this segment of the population. The largest relative decrease in abundance was for 20 to 25-yr-old colonies. The declines in ...
Shrubs as ecosystem engineers in a coastal dune: influences on
... shrubs within a block for size and separated them from each other and any adjacent shrubs by 2 m. We randomly selected each associated shrub-free area of dune, which consisted of a 1-m circular plot within 2 m of both shrubs. All three microhabitat types in a block were matched for slope and aspect. ...
... shrubs within a block for size and separated them from each other and any adjacent shrubs by 2 m. We randomly selected each associated shrub-free area of dune, which consisted of a 1-m circular plot within 2 m of both shrubs. All three microhabitat types in a block were matched for slope and aspect. ...
What Makes an Ecological Icon? Symposia
... review by Fisher 2005). An abstract of Colton’s pa‑ per was published in Science in 1916, and many of his other papers on intertidal biology were widely cited. In modern times, he is better remembered for his ar‑ chaeological research in the desert southwest (Miller 1991). His work on intertidal foo ...
... review by Fisher 2005). An abstract of Colton’s pa‑ per was published in Science in 1916, and many of his other papers on intertidal biology were widely cited. In modern times, he is better remembered for his ar‑ chaeological research in the desert southwest (Miller 1991). His work on intertidal foo ...
Disturbance and trajectory of change in a stream fish community
... It is unlikely that any real-world community will conform precisely to any one of the six patterns we propose in Fig. 1, given sufficient time for disturbances of different magnitudes or random events affecting recruitment of species. But these patterns should provide a point from which to view long ...
... It is unlikely that any real-world community will conform precisely to any one of the six patterns we propose in Fig. 1, given sufficient time for disturbances of different magnitudes or random events affecting recruitment of species. But these patterns should provide a point from which to view long ...
Distribution, biology, and stomach contents of paper nautilus
... Paper nautilus can be captured all year round and can be found from the surface to a depth of more than 80 m in the Andaman Sea. More than 75% of collected specimens were mature females with egg mass found inside their egg cases. Female argonauts reproduce very early and still continue growing. They ...
... Paper nautilus can be captured all year round and can be found from the surface to a depth of more than 80 m in the Andaman Sea. More than 75% of collected specimens were mature females with egg mass found inside their egg cases. Female argonauts reproduce very early and still continue growing. They ...
Ficus rubiginosa
Ficus rubiginosa, the rusty fig, Port Jackson fig, or little-leaf fig (damun in the Sydney language) is a species of flowering plant in the family Moraceae that is native to eastern Australia. It is a banyan of the genus Ficus which contains around 750 species worldwide in warm climates, including the common fig (Ficus carica). Ficus rubiginosa can grow to 30 m (100 ft) high and nearly as wide with a buttressed trunk, and glossy green leaves.