catalogue laser pointers
... LASER POINTER LSV20 SERIE - RED LIGHT - ø 20 This new laser pointer is made of a high quality red laser diode with a power of 20mW and it can be supplied from 12 to 48Vdc or from 12 to 24Vac. This laser pointer can generate a point, a line or a cross. On request different lengths of line. Thanks to ...
... LASER POINTER LSV20 SERIE - RED LIGHT - ø 20 This new laser pointer is made of a high quality red laser diode with a power of 20mW and it can be supplied from 12 to 48Vdc or from 12 to 24Vac. This laser pointer can generate a point, a line or a cross. On request different lengths of line. Thanks to ...
Acousto-Optic Devices and Applications
... required is about 2.5 times that predicted by the small signal theory. ...
... required is about 2.5 times that predicted by the small signal theory. ...
Laser and Gaussian Beam Propagation and Transformation
... of laser emission obtained. For stable resonators neglecting a small loss of energy, the amplitude distribution is self-reproduced in every round trip of the laser through the resonator. Unstable resonators produce an amplitude distribution more complicated than in the stable case. Besides, the ener ...
... of laser emission obtained. For stable resonators neglecting a small loss of energy, the amplitude distribution is self-reproduced in every round trip of the laser through the resonator. Unstable resonators produce an amplitude distribution more complicated than in the stable case. Besides, the ener ...
Measuring the complex orbital angular momentum spectrum of light
... spectrum deviation within the measurement process. Considering the complicated environment of practical application, some stabilizing mechanism may be needed. Actually, we have also proposed a spectrum correction method in [16]. To measure the optical fields, a typical MZ interferometer is employed ...
... spectrum deviation within the measurement process. Considering the complicated environment of practical application, some stabilizing mechanism may be needed. Actually, we have also proposed a spectrum correction method in [16]. To measure the optical fields, a typical MZ interferometer is employed ...
Lectures 18-20: Diffraction
... 2. Modify the plotting program above to display (in separate colors), the diffraction pattern and the interference pattern as well as their product. How is the diffraction envelope and the position of the maxima of various orders affected by changes in the slit width and separation? ...
... 2. Modify the plotting program above to display (in separate colors), the diffraction pattern and the interference pattern as well as their product. How is the diffraction envelope and the position of the maxima of various orders affected by changes in the slit width and separation? ...
Ultrashort, Strongly Focused Laser Pulses in Free Space
... be focused to a spot size comparable to the wavelength. These strongly focused, ultrashort laser pulses have found applications, for instance, in high-resolution microscopy, particle trapping and electron acceleration. In order to characterize the spatiotemporal behavior of such ultrashort, tightly ...
... be focused to a spot size comparable to the wavelength. These strongly focused, ultrashort laser pulses have found applications, for instance, in high-resolution microscopy, particle trapping and electron acceleration. In order to characterize the spatiotemporal behavior of such ultrashort, tightly ...
Optical Cavity and laser Modes
... • The cavity mirrors are not exactly aligned perpendicular to the laser axis, and parallel to each other (symmetric), the radiation inside the cavity will not be confined during its path between the mirrors. • Absorption, scattering and losses in optical elements Since optical elements are not ideal ...
... • The cavity mirrors are not exactly aligned perpendicular to the laser axis, and parallel to each other (symmetric), the radiation inside the cavity will not be confined during its path between the mirrors. • Absorption, scattering and losses in optical elements Since optical elements are not ideal ...
Part 1
... detrimental. For example, with a CuL source, a 50 nm feature must be exposed at a mask-tosubstrate gap of less than about 4 µm in order to maintain good process latitude. A 25 nm feature would require a gap of 1 µm. For such very small features, we eliminate the gap and use contact between the subst ...
... detrimental. For example, with a CuL source, a 50 nm feature must be exposed at a mask-tosubstrate gap of less than about 4 µm in order to maintain good process latitude. A 25 nm feature would require a gap of 1 µm. For such very small features, we eliminate the gap and use contact between the subst ...
Section 4 Diffraction_handbook of optics
... approximately contained in a cone with its apex at the image of the pinhole. It is necessary to clarify that ‘‘a small enough pinhole’’ means that the optics behind the pinhole is not able to resolve its structure.1 A ‘‘narrowband filter’’ means that its pass band, D… , is much smaller than the mean ...
... approximately contained in a cone with its apex at the image of the pinhole. It is necessary to clarify that ‘‘a small enough pinhole’’ means that the optics behind the pinhole is not able to resolve its structure.1 A ‘‘narrowband filter’’ means that its pass band, D… , is much smaller than the mean ...
c =λ* f λ = wavelength
... comparing to (KT) at room temperature, while for MASER those differences are small. This means searching for different population schemes to stimulate the energy level greater than that for MASER. 2.The spontaneous emission is greater than the stimulated emission (will be discussed later), they also ...
... comparing to (KT) at room temperature, while for MASER those differences are small. This means searching for different population schemes to stimulate the energy level greater than that for MASER. 2.The spontaneous emission is greater than the stimulated emission (will be discussed later), they also ...
Holography
Holography is the science and practice of making holograms. Typically, a hologram is a photographic recording of a light field, rather than of an image formed by a lens, and it is used to display a fully three-dimensional image of the holographed subject, which is seen without the aid of special glasses or other intermediate optics. The hologram itself is not an image and it is usually unintelligible when viewed under diffuse ambient light. It is an encoding of the light field as an interference pattern of seemingly random variations in the opacity, density, or surface profile of the photographic medium. When suitably lit, the interference pattern diffracts the light into a reproduction of the original light field and the objects that were in it appear to still be there, exhibiting visual depth cues such as parallax and perspective that change realistically with any change in the relative position of the observer.In its pure form, holography requires the use of laser light for illuminating the subject and for viewing the finished hologram. In a side-by-side comparison under optimal conditions, a holographic image is visually indistinguishable from the actual subject, if the hologram and the subject are lit just as they were at the time of recording. A microscopic level of detail throughout the recorded volume of space can be reproduced. In common practice, however, major image quality compromises are made to eliminate the need for laser illumination when viewing the hologram, and sometimes, to the extent possible, also when making it. Holographic portraiture often resorts to a non-holographic intermediate imaging procedure, to avoid the hazardous high-powered pulsed lasers otherwise needed to optically ""freeze"" living subjects as perfectly as the extremely motion-intolerant holographic recording process requires. Holograms can now also be entirely computer-generated and show objects or scenes that never existed.Holography should not be confused with lenticular and other earlier autostereoscopic 3D display technologies, which can produce superficially similar results but are based on conventional lens imaging. Stage illusions such as Pepper's Ghost and other unusual, baffling, or seemingly magical images are also often incorrectly called holograms.