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Pelvic walls
Pelvic walls

... The bony pelvis is composed of four bones: • Two hip bones, which form the anterior and lateral walls. • Sacrum and coccyx, which form the posterior wall. • These 4 bones are connected by 4 joints and lined by 4 muscles. • The bony pelvis with its joints and muscles form a strong basin-shaped struc ...
Bilateral Costoclavicular Compression in a Patient With Thoracic
Bilateral Costoclavicular Compression in a Patient With Thoracic

... the near-vertical axillary artery and vein, accentuated by their low signal intensity between the pectoralis minor and the first fascicle of the serratus anterior muscle. The low signal intensity of the vein is displayed slightly inferior and anterior to the low signal intensity of the artery on the ...
Enlarged Middle Cervical Ganglion with Ansa Subclavia
Enlarged Middle Cervical Ganglion with Ansa Subclavia

... makes it an important region of study from an anatomical point of view. The cervical part of sympathetic chain is situated anterior to prevertebral muscle –longuscapitis and posterior to the carotid sheath. It receives no white ramicommunicantes from cervical segments of spinal cord [1]. Rather, pre ...
Temporal bones
Temporal bones

... • Increase surface area to promote warming and humidification of ...
Petrous part of the temporal bone
Petrous part of the temporal bone

... muscles Internal jugular vein; glossopharyngeal nerve [IX]; vagus nerve [X]; accessory nerve [XI] Optic nerve (II) Problems in vision. Facial nerve [VII] Loss of movement of the muscles of the face Oculomotor nerve (III) Problems in vision. Trochlear nerve (IV) Branches of ophthalmic nerve (II) Abdu ...
thoracic wall - Yeditepe University Pharma Anatomy
thoracic wall - Yeditepe University Pharma Anatomy

... includes the primary organs of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. The majority of the thoracic cavity is occupied by the lungs. The lungs are for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and blood. Most of the remainder of the thoracic cavity is occupied by the heart and st ...
Textbook Ch. 9 Skeletal System
Textbook Ch. 9 Skeletal System

... The human skeleton consists of two main divisions—the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton (Figure 8-1). Eighty bones make up the axial skeleton. This includes 74 bones that form the upright axis of the body and six tiny middle ear bones. The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 bones—more ...
1 TABLE 23-1 Muscles and Nerves of the Mandible
1 TABLE 23-1 Muscles and Nerves of the Mandible

... the hyoid bone; moves the tongue forward Draws the hyoid bone upward and backward in swallowing; assists in opening the mouth and participates in mastication ...
Anterior Cervicothoracic Junction Approach
Anterior Cervicothoracic Junction Approach

... Summary: Surgical approaches to the cervicothoracic junction frequently involve complicated dissection because of the restricted accessibility during the procedure and the close proximity of the great vessels. Common indications for surgical intervention include infections, neoplasms, and fractures. ...
A Litigation Primer On The Respiratory System
A Litigation Primer On The Respiratory System

... seventh ribs. The xiphoid process is the lowest portion of the sternum; it can be easily palpated and is shaped like the point of a knife. See, Fisher, Sternum Fractures, e-Medicine, www.emedicine.com/ radio/ topics654. htm. The Thoracic Vertebrae The posterior portion of the ribcage articulates w ...
Anatomy and Physiology 1 Chapter 8 self quiz Pro, Dima Darwish,MD.
Anatomy and Physiology 1 Chapter 8 self quiz Pro, Dima Darwish,MD.

... 1) Which of the following bones is not part of the appendicular skeleton? A) scapula B) tibia C) sacrum D) coxal bones E) metacarpals 2) The scapula is roughly triangular in shape. Which of the following are correct terms for the borders? A) superior, medial, and lateral borders B) dorsal and costal ...
Thoracic Wall - Dr. Sholley
Thoracic Wall - Dr. Sholley

... During vigorous breathing other muscles become involved.  In forced expiration  the  abdominal  muscles,  including  the  internal  and  external  obliques  and  transversus, contract, thereby compressing the abdominal organs and forcing the  passive  diaphragm upward  The scalene and sternocleidoma ...
SPINAL STENOSIS, A CAUSE OF CAUDA EQUINA
SPINAL STENOSIS, A CAUSE OF CAUDA EQUINA

... slipping articular of both ...
Associated (Back-Shu) Points
Associated (Back-Shu) Points

... BL13 Feishu: 1.5 cun lateral to GV12 level with the spinous process of T3. BL14 Jueyinshu: 1.5 cun lateral to midline level with the spinous process of T4. BL15 Xinshu: 1.5 cun lateral to GV11 level with the spinous process of T5. BL16 Dushu: 1.5 cun lateral to GV10 level with the spinous process of ...
BRAIN STEM: MEDULLA OBLONGATA AND ITS LESIONS
BRAIN STEM: MEDULLA OBLONGATA AND ITS LESIONS

... o By anatomical terms of location it is rostral to the spinal cord o The medulla oblongata extends from the lower margin of the pons to a plane passing transversely below the pyramidal decussation and above the first pair of cervical nerves o This plane corresponds with the upper border of the atlas ...
04-Axilla
04-Axilla

... fascia and spines of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, lower 3 or 4 ribs and inferior angle of scapula ...
HUMAN BONES FOR THE NON-PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGIST
HUMAN BONES FOR THE NON-PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGIST

... pre-molar and molar teeth which faces the cheek. This reBunched or Bundle Burial: fers to a form of secondary interment in which the flesh has been removed and the cleaned bones placed, in many instances, in a basket or other container which is then buried or reburTypically the skull will ...
ABS` Anatomy of the Thorax
ABS` Anatomy of the Thorax

... o 5 sacral vertebrae (pelvic region – usually fused into a single mass called the sacrum) o 4 coccygeal vertebrae (tail – very small and usually fused into 2 pairs) General features: o Main body o Vertebral canal present (for spinal cord) surrounded by vertebral arch o The arch joins with the body a ...
Activity 7: Appendicular Skeleton
Activity 7: Appendicular Skeleton

... 11. Identify the foramina that act as passageways for each of the cranial nerves, spinal cord, internal carotid artery, and the internal jugular vein. 12. Identify the bones as to whether they belong to the right side or left side of the body. Introduction The skeletal system supports and protects t ...
AP150 NS-SPINAL CORD, NERVES, and pahtways intro study guide
AP150 NS-SPINAL CORD, NERVES, and pahtways intro study guide

... 4. What openings in the spine/vertebral column do spinal nerves pass through/exit from? 5. What is the conus medullaris? Cauda Equina? Filum Terminale? 6. What function does the filum terminale perform? 7. Why are the inferior spinal roots/nerves elongated to form the cauda equina. 8. How long is th ...
Lumbar Spine - askdrlehman.com
Lumbar Spine - askdrlehman.com

... Extension and rotation increase pain Flexion reduces pain ...
07-lumbar plexus+lymphatics
07-lumbar plexus+lymphatics

... -its lateral lower end : is attached to : 1-medial margin of ischial tuberosity. Sacrospinous ligament : is a strong triangular ligament. -its apex : ischial spine. -its base : last piece of sacrum + first piece of coccyx. The function of 2 ligaments : 1-they convert greater & lesser sciatic notche ...
Document
Document

... GROSS ANATOMY/RADIOLOGY LIBRARY: http://musom.marshall.edu/anatomy/radiology/ ...
The Head & Neck
The Head & Neck

... consists of right and left lobes connected by a narrow isthmus. It is a vascular organ surrounded by a sheath derived from pretracheal layer of deep fascia. The sheath attaches gland to Larynx & Trachea. Each lobe is pear shaped, with its apex being directed upward as far as oblique line on lamina o ...
PRACTICAL-Upper limb
PRACTICAL-Upper limb

... Medial condyle: is larger and articulate with medial condyle of femur. It has a groove on its posterior surface for semimembranosus ms. Lateral condyle: is smaller and articulates with lateral condyle of femur. It has facet on its lateral side for articulation with head of fibula to form proximal ti ...
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Vertebra



In the vertebrate spinal column, each vertebra is an irregular bone with a complex structure composed of bone and some hyaline cartilage, the proportions of which vary according to the segment of the backbone and the species of vertebrate animal.The basic configuration of a vertebra varies; the large part is the body, and the central part is the centrum. The upper and lower surfaces of the vertebra body give attachment to the intervertebral discs. The posterior part of a vertebra forms a vertebral arch, in eleven parts, consisting of two pedicles, two laminae, and seven processes. The laminae give attachment to the ligamenta flava. There are vertebral notches formed from the shape of the pedicles, which form the intervertebral foramina when the vertebrae articulate. These foramina are the entry and exit conducts for the spinal nerves. The body of the vertebra and the vertebral arch form the vertebral foramen, the larger, central opening that accommodates the spinal canal, which encloses and protects the spinal cord.Vertebrae articulate with each other to give strength and flexibility to the spinal column, and the shape at their back and front aspects determines the range of movement. Structurally, vertebrae are essentially alike across the vertebrate species, with the greatest difference seen between an aquatic animal and other vertebrate animals. As such, vertebrates take their name from the vertebrae that compose the vertebral column.
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