Download 1 TABLE 23-1 Muscles and Nerves of the Mandible

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Chapter 23: The Temporomandibular Joint
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TABLE 23-1 Muscles and Nerves of the Mandible
MUSCLE AND NERVE (N)
ORIGIN
INSERTION
FUNCTION
Digastric N: trigeminal
and facial
Anterior belly: depression
on inner side of inferior
border of mandible
Posterior belly: mastoid
notch of the temporal
bone
Temporal fossa and deep
surface of temporal
fascia
Common tendon to the
hyoid bone
Mandibular depression and
elevation of hyoid
(in swallowing)
Medial and anterior
coronoid process and
anterior ramus of
mandible
Elevates mandible to close the
mouth and approximates teeth
(biting motion); retracts the
mandible and participates in
lateral grinding motions
Elevates the mandible; active in up
and down biting motions and
occlusion of the teeth
in mastication
Elevates the mandible to close
the mouth; protrudes the mandible
(with lateral pterygoid).
Unilaterally, the medial and lateral
pterygoid rotate the mandible
forward and to the opposite
side
Protracts mandibular condyle and
disk of the temporomandibular
joint forward while the mandibular
head rotates on disk; aids in
opening the mouth. Joint action of
the medial and lateral pterygoid
rotates the mandible forward and
to the opposite side
Elevates the hyoid bone and
tongue for swallowing; depresses
the mandible when fixed
Assists in depression of the
mandible; elevates and protracts
the hyoid bone; moves the tongue
forward
Draws the hyoid bone upward
and backward in swallowing;
assists in opening the mouth and
participates in mastication
Temporalis N:
mandibular division
of trigeminal nerve
Masseter N:
mandibular division
of trigeminal nerve
Superficial: zygomatic
arch and maxillary process
Deep portion: zygomatic
arch
Greater wing of sphenoid
and pyramidal process
of palatine bone
Angle and lower half of
lateral ramus
Lateral coronoid and
superior ramus
Medial ramus and angle of
mandibular foramen
Lateral pterygoid N:
mandibular division
of trigeminal nerve
Superior: inferior crest of
greater wing of sphenoid
bones
Inferior: lateral surface of
pterygoid plate
Articular disk, capsule, and
condyle
Neck of mandible and
medial condyle
Mylohyoid N:
mylohyoid branch of
the trigeminal nerve
Geniohyoid N:
ventral ramus of C1
through hypoglossal
nerve
Stylohyoid N: facial
Medial surface of
mandible, entire
length
Mental spine of mandible
Body of the hyoid bone
(floor of the mouth)
Medial pterygoid N:
mandibular division
of trigeminal nerve
Styloid process of
temporal bone
Body of the hyoid bone
Body of the hyoid bone
Hall & Brody: Therapeutic Exercise: Moving Toward Function, 2nd Edition
© 2005, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins