Industrial Audiology lectures handout
... classified as continuous or impulse Continuous •steady state •fluctuating •intermittant Impulse •type A -Pmax (peak pressure) usually large -Tr relatively short -rapidly expanding gases •type B (impact) -Pmax lower -Tr longer -often contain more energy than type A -collision of two masses ...
... classified as continuous or impulse Continuous •steady state •fluctuating •intermittant Impulse •type A -Pmax (peak pressure) usually large -Tr relatively short -rapidly expanding gases •type B (impact) -Pmax lower -Tr longer -often contain more energy than type A -collision of two masses ...
Definitions of terms relating to biological diversity
... organisms of a given taxon can disperse between habitat patches Connectivity: (n) degree to which disjunct populations function as a meta-population Conservation biology: (np) science whose objective is to provide methods and results that can be used by managers to slow or halt the loss of biologica ...
... organisms of a given taxon can disperse between habitat patches Connectivity: (n) degree to which disjunct populations function as a meta-population Conservation biology: (np) science whose objective is to provide methods and results that can be used by managers to slow or halt the loss of biologica ...
Chapter 1 in Falk et al. 2005 - Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
... community at a restored or managed site based on restoration research, then perhaps we can make use of what we observe to refine our theories and predictions and improve their predictive power (Zedler 2000; Hobbs and Harris 2001). ...
... community at a restored or managed site based on restoration research, then perhaps we can make use of what we observe to refine our theories and predictions and improve their predictive power (Zedler 2000; Hobbs and Harris 2001). ...
Abrupt community change on a rocky shore – biological
... Pisaster or mussels. These were successfully invaded by mussels by 1999. In April 2000, we initiated a predator removal experiment. To quantify effects of Pisaster removal or retention, numbered plastic markers were epoxied as close to the mussel bed edge as possible at the removal and three (of fou ...
... Pisaster or mussels. These were successfully invaded by mussels by 1999. In April 2000, we initiated a predator removal experiment. To quantify effects of Pisaster removal or retention, numbered plastic markers were epoxied as close to the mussel bed edge as possible at the removal and three (of fou ...
accepted manuscript
... the number of Artemia consumed, and wet weight of gut content to investigate the accuracy of sound production as a measure of feeding behavior for S. fuscus and S. floridae. Five sounds produced by each pipefish were randomly selected for acoustic analysis. Only sounds produced when the fish was pos ...
... the number of Artemia consumed, and wet weight of gut content to investigate the accuracy of sound production as a measure of feeding behavior for S. fuscus and S. floridae. Five sounds produced by each pipefish were randomly selected for acoustic analysis. Only sounds produced when the fish was pos ...
Predation Risk Influences Adaptive Morphological Variation in Fish
... littoral and pelagic habitats (Eklöv and Van Kooten 2001). However, evolutionary consequences of such indirect effects have not been tested. Thus, we combine two different models of community and evolutionary ecology: habitat preference is determined by a trade-off between predation risk and foragi ...
... littoral and pelagic habitats (Eklöv and Van Kooten 2001). However, evolutionary consequences of such indirect effects have not been tested. Thus, we combine two different models of community and evolutionary ecology: habitat preference is determined by a trade-off between predation risk and foragi ...
Intertidal Community Structure: Space
... in the sense of Vandermeer(1980) (Dungan 1987). The goal of the presentstudy was to estimate the ...
... in the sense of Vandermeer(1980) (Dungan 1987). The goal of the presentstudy was to estimate the ...
Prey abundance and habitat use by migratory shorebirds
... plots at a particular location were inundated, and ‘‘low tides’’ as those when plots were exposed. Attempts were made to complete surveys at the peak of both high and low tidal phases, but if surveys were conducted as tides were still falling or rising, we aggregated them with our low and high data, ...
... plots at a particular location were inundated, and ‘‘low tides’’ as those when plots were exposed. Attempts were made to complete surveys at the peak of both high and low tidal phases, but if surveys were conducted as tides were still falling or rising, we aggregated them with our low and high data, ...
Species-Specific Responses of Carnivores to Human
... for all the others (Table 1) [45]. We applied a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with the objective of reducing the number of variables and the possible effect of multicollinearity among them as well as to obtain linear combinations of these variables describing the prevailing landscape gradients ...
... for all the others (Table 1) [45]. We applied a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with the objective of reducing the number of variables and the possible effect of multicollinearity among them as well as to obtain linear combinations of these variables describing the prevailing landscape gradients ...
hearing conservation program
... to raise your voice at a distance of three feet, you are in an area with a possible hazardous noise level. Repeated unprotected noise exposure will cause a permanent hearing loss. The hearing conservation program at _________________________ has been established to ensure that if you ever have a sta ...
... to raise your voice at a distance of three feet, you are in an area with a possible hazardous noise level. Repeated unprotected noise exposure will cause a permanent hearing loss. The hearing conservation program at _________________________ has been established to ensure that if you ever have a sta ...
Important Habitats in the Lower Casco Bay Watershed
... Pownal, South Portland, West Bath, Westbrook, and Yarmouth). To insure that habitats near the outer boundaries of these towns were adequately assessed, we appended a one mile wide strip of neighboring land and water to the study area (Figure 1). In accordance with the focus of the National Estuary P ...
... Pownal, South Portland, West Bath, Westbrook, and Yarmouth). To insure that habitats near the outer boundaries of these towns were adequately assessed, we appended a one mile wide strip of neighboring land and water to the study area (Figure 1). In accordance with the focus of the National Estuary P ...
title 1 - City of Gosnells
... The ecological community can be modified or destroyed and would be vulnerable to threatening processes, is restricted in area and/or range and/or is only found at a few locations. The ecological community may still be widespread but is believed likely to move into a category of higher threat in the ...
... The ecological community can be modified or destroyed and would be vulnerable to threatening processes, is restricted in area and/or range and/or is only found at a few locations. The ecological community may still be widespread but is believed likely to move into a category of higher threat in the ...
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF VERTEBRATE HERBIVORES ON
... most empirical and theoretical studies in this area have emphasized interactions between closely related species. However, there is growing evidence that negative interactions among distantly related taxa also occur and may be far more important than previously thought. In this study, we took advant ...
... most empirical and theoretical studies in this area have emphasized interactions between closely related species. However, there is growing evidence that negative interactions among distantly related taxa also occur and may be far more important than previously thought. In this study, we took advant ...
Provided for non-commercial research and educational use only.
... under changing environmental conditions. This is based on the fact that microbial species might have different optima regarding specific environmental conditions, but play similar ecological roles and thus can maintain ecosystem functioning (Caron and Countway, 2009; Dolan et al., 2009). Therefore, ...
... under changing environmental conditions. This is based on the fact that microbial species might have different optima regarding specific environmental conditions, but play similar ecological roles and thus can maintain ecosystem functioning (Caron and Countway, 2009; Dolan et al., 2009). Therefore, ...
Potential Contributions of Recreational Noise to Daily Noise Dose
... regardless of music type, at every location measured within the venue hall. In some locations, average levels were as high as 102-107 dBA. Given event durations of 3-4 hours, exposures like these reach or exceed daily occupational noise exposure limits. A person’s total daily noise exposure would de ...
... regardless of music type, at every location measured within the venue hall. In some locations, average levels were as high as 102-107 dBA. Given event durations of 3-4 hours, exposures like these reach or exceed daily occupational noise exposure limits. A person’s total daily noise exposure would de ...
Trophic promiscuity, intraguild predation and the problem of omnivores
... However, empirical studies provide a greater range of outcomes than predicted by simple theory, and the literature includes examples of negative, neutral and positive interactions among predators that share prey resources. A recent metaanalysis has suggested that prey suppression is more often highe ...
... However, empirical studies provide a greater range of outcomes than predicted by simple theory, and the literature includes examples of negative, neutral and positive interactions among predators that share prey resources. A recent metaanalysis has suggested that prey suppression is more often highe ...
Changes in Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission Caused by
... Konrad-Martin et al., 2002). The two DPOAE components have different phase and level characteristics because they are generated by different mechanisms. It is usually assumed that DPOAE results from a vector sum of the reflection and distortion components. The difference in relative phases between those ...
... Konrad-Martin et al., 2002). The two DPOAE components have different phase and level characteristics because they are generated by different mechanisms. It is usually assumed that DPOAE results from a vector sum of the reflection and distortion components. The difference in relative phases between those ...
Hearing-in-Noise: Comparison of Listeners with Normal and (Aided
... Journal of the American Academy of Audiology/Volume 15, Number 3, 2004 ...
... Journal of the American Academy of Audiology/Volume 15, Number 3, 2004 ...
Definitions, Categories and Criteria for Threatened and Priority
... A naturally occurring biological assemblage that occurs in a particular type of habitat. Note: The scale at which ecological communities are defined will often depend on the level of detail in the information source, therefore no particular scale is specified. A threatened ecological community (TEC) ...
... A naturally occurring biological assemblage that occurs in a particular type of habitat. Note: The scale at which ecological communities are defined will often depend on the level of detail in the information source, therefore no particular scale is specified. A threatened ecological community (TEC) ...
Microbial Experimental Systems in Ecology
... possible by change of environment, in minute life‐forms, whose life‐cycle was relatively soon completed, to superinduce changes of an adaptive character, if the observations extended over a suYciently long period’’ (Dallinger, 1887). Dallinger addressed this question using populations of protists as ...
... possible by change of environment, in minute life‐forms, whose life‐cycle was relatively soon completed, to superinduce changes of an adaptive character, if the observations extended over a suYciently long period’’ (Dallinger, 1887). Dallinger addressed this question using populations of protists as ...
Appendix D: Report on the proposal for an ecological buffer zone at
... barrier to many forms of disturbance, such as rubbish dumping, or vandalism. It will attenuate noise pollution, limit light penetration, and reduce the negative effects of compaction and vibration in adjacent areas. It may also help to screen the woodland, reducing the visibility of exterior activit ...
... barrier to many forms of disturbance, such as rubbish dumping, or vandalism. It will attenuate noise pollution, limit light penetration, and reduce the negative effects of compaction and vibration in adjacent areas. It may also help to screen the woodland, reducing the visibility of exterior activit ...
Children and Hearing Protection
... A review of the literature revealed no data that I could discover on the attenuation of HPDs for children. This probably stems from the difficulty of working with children to take measurements according to the standard paradigms, as well as the fact that the exact magnitude of children’s attenuation ...
... A review of the literature revealed no data that I could discover on the attenuation of HPDs for children. This probably stems from the difficulty of working with children to take measurements according to the standard paradigms, as well as the fact that the exact magnitude of children’s attenuation ...
ECOLOGICAL MECHANISMS LINKING PROTECTED AREAS TO
... model of protected areas embedded within larger ecosystems that often include surrounding human land use. Drawing on case studies in this Invited Feature, we then explore a comprehensive set of ecological mechanisms by which land use on surrounding lands may influence ecological processes and biodive ...
... model of protected areas embedded within larger ecosystems that often include surrounding human land use. Drawing on case studies in this Invited Feature, we then explore a comprehensive set of ecological mechanisms by which land use on surrounding lands may influence ecological processes and biodive ...
Ecological role of vertebrate scavengers in urban ecosystems in the
... mals, plays a key role in ecosystem structure, functioning, and stability. A growing number of studies suggest that vertebrate scavengers also provide key ecosystem services, the benefits humans gain from the natural world, particularly in the removal of carcasses from the environment. An increasing ...
... mals, plays a key role in ecosystem structure, functioning, and stability. A growing number of studies suggest that vertebrate scavengers also provide key ecosystem services, the benefits humans gain from the natural world, particularly in the removal of carcasses from the environment. An increasing ...
Soundscape ecology
Soundscape ecology is the study of sound within a landscape and its effect on organisms. Sounds may be generated by organisms (biophony), by the physical environment (geophony), or by humans (anthrophony). Soundscape ecologists seek to understand how these different sound sources interact across spatial scales and through time. Variation in soundscapes may have wide-ranging ecological effects as organisms often obtain information from environmental sounds. Soundscape ecologists use recording devices, audio tools, and elements of traditional ecological analyses to study soundscape structure. Increasingly, anthrophony, sometimes referred to in older, more archaic terminology as anthropogenic noise dominates soundscapes, and this type of noise pollution or disturbance has a negative impact on a wide range of organisms. The preservation of natural soundscapes is now a recognized conservation goal.