Head Shadow, Squelch, and Summation Effects in
... noise conditions. The speech signal was always presented from the front (0° azimuth). The noise signal was presented from either the front (S0N0), from the left (⫺90° azimuth, S0N-90), or from the right (90° azimuth, S0N90). For each noise condition, three different listening conditions were tested: ...
... noise conditions. The speech signal was always presented from the front (0° azimuth). The noise signal was presented from either the front (S0N0), from the left (⫺90° azimuth, S0N-90), or from the right (90° azimuth, S0N90). For each noise condition, three different listening conditions were tested: ...
ABS 415 Help Education Expert/abs415helpdotcom
... competition relate to George Evelyn Hutchinson’s concept of niches? How can niche differentiation or complementary experiments explain aspects of evolutionary theory? ...
... competition relate to George Evelyn Hutchinson’s concept of niches? How can niche differentiation or complementary experiments explain aspects of evolutionary theory? ...
Habitat Fragmentation Effects on Trophic Processes of
... rearing of leafmining larvae yielded 9,944 adult leafminers (49 species of Diptera, 50 Lepidoptera, and 3 Coleoptera) and 7,515 parasitoids (more than 200 species of Hymenoptera so far identified) from which parasitism rates were calculated. There were no significant interactions between edge or int ...
... rearing of leafmining larvae yielded 9,944 adult leafminers (49 species of Diptera, 50 Lepidoptera, and 3 Coleoptera) and 7,515 parasitoids (more than 200 species of Hymenoptera so far identified) from which parasitism rates were calculated. There were no significant interactions between edge or int ...
Ecology - The Open University
... This material is taken from The Open University's OpenLearn website. OpenLearn provides free open educational resources for learners and educators around the world under a Creative Commons licence. Third party materials have been removed but for ease of use the original acknowledgements copy has bee ...
... This material is taken from The Open University's OpenLearn website. OpenLearn provides free open educational resources for learners and educators around the world under a Creative Commons licence. Third party materials have been removed but for ease of use the original acknowledgements copy has bee ...
Heterogeneity
... • Fire, grazing & the two in combination were tested in grasslands (Glenn et al, 1992) • Locally, burning seemed to have higher heterogeneity than grazing, whilst the corollary was true at a regional scale. • Overall, untreated local plots had the most heterogeneity, but regional responses varied to ...
... • Fire, grazing & the two in combination were tested in grasslands (Glenn et al, 1992) • Locally, burning seemed to have higher heterogeneity than grazing, whilst the corollary was true at a regional scale. • Overall, untreated local plots had the most heterogeneity, but regional responses varied to ...
Ways organisms interact - Franklin County Public Schools
... ecosystem are interconnected and changing even one thing impacts the whole ecosystem. When one tugs at a single thing in nature, he finds it attached to the rest of the world. ...
... ecosystem are interconnected and changing even one thing impacts the whole ecosystem. When one tugs at a single thing in nature, he finds it attached to the rest of the world. ...
Effects of predator richness on prey suppression: a metaanalysis
... detritivore-level studies to compare to the 46 predatorlevel studies. To control for the generally higher levels of species richness in plant studies and to reflect predator studies, we performed an additional analysis that considered a sub-set of treatments used in experiments to isolate effects of ...
... detritivore-level studies to compare to the 46 predatorlevel studies. To control for the generally higher levels of species richness in plant studies and to reflect predator studies, we performed an additional analysis that considered a sub-set of treatments used in experiments to isolate effects of ...
CHAMP and stacked ABR
... sensation of aural fullness or pressure. Cochlear hydrops is associated with an undermasking phenomenon that can be observed during specialized ABR data collection using click stimuli mixed with a special type of high-pass masking noise and presented at a certain level. It is hypothesized that cochl ...
... sensation of aural fullness or pressure. Cochlear hydrops is associated with an undermasking phenomenon that can be observed during specialized ABR data collection using click stimuli mixed with a special type of high-pass masking noise and presented at a certain level. It is hypothesized that cochl ...
spatial selection and inheritance: applying evolutionary concepts to
... Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Box AB, Millbrook, New York 12545 USA ...
... Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Box AB, Millbrook, New York 12545 USA ...
Alternative stable states in ecology
... parameters causes the landscape itself to change, resulting in movement of the ball. point. Once in a new domain, the community will persist there unless subject to community can move from one stable state to another. another large perturbation. The first requires that different states exist simulta ...
... parameters causes the landscape itself to change, resulting in movement of the ball. point. Once in a new domain, the community will persist there unless subject to community can move from one stable state to another. another large perturbation. The first requires that different states exist simulta ...
An empiricist guide to animal personality variation in ecology and
... under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. ...
... under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. ...
Tinnitus – alarm in the ear
... sounds in the ear manageable, even if they cannot be eliminated. Collaboration between a range of medical specialisms and integrated therapeutic approaches can by now offer most sufferers effective help. Hearing – peace of mind A key factor in successful treatment involves diverting patients’ atten ...
... sounds in the ear manageable, even if they cannot be eliminated. Collaboration between a range of medical specialisms and integrated therapeutic approaches can by now offer most sufferers effective help. Hearing – peace of mind A key factor in successful treatment involves diverting patients’ atten ...
Lessons from primary succession for restoration of severely
... profoundly affected all of Earth’s ecosystems (Steffen et al. 2007), humans now trigger, enhance, or are otherwise involved in disturbances in a positive feedback loop that not only increases disturbances but also increases human risk (Fig. 1; Keys 2000; Diamond 2005; del Moral & Walker 2007). One w ...
... profoundly affected all of Earth’s ecosystems (Steffen et al. 2007), humans now trigger, enhance, or are otherwise involved in disturbances in a positive feedback loop that not only increases disturbances but also increases human risk (Fig. 1; Keys 2000; Diamond 2005; del Moral & Walker 2007). One w ...
Lessons from primary succession for restoration of severely
... profoundly affected all of Earth’s ecosystems (Steffen et al. 2007), humans now trigger, enhance, or are otherwise involved in disturbances in a positive feedback loop that not only increases disturbances but also increases human risk (Fig. 1; Keys 2000; Diamond 2005; del Moral & Walker 2007). One w ...
... profoundly affected all of Earth’s ecosystems (Steffen et al. 2007), humans now trigger, enhance, or are otherwise involved in disturbances in a positive feedback loop that not only increases disturbances but also increases human risk (Fig. 1; Keys 2000; Diamond 2005; del Moral & Walker 2007). One w ...
Phys11U_Unit 4_Ch10_transmittal
... B. Some people define noise as anything that sounds annoying and music as something that sounds pleasant. What do you think of these definitions? Are these definitions specific enough for physics? [T/I] [C] C. How do the waves produced by the instruments differ from the waves produced by the tuning ...
... B. Some people define noise as anything that sounds annoying and music as something that sounds pleasant. What do you think of these definitions? Are these definitions specific enough for physics? [T/I] [C] C. How do the waves produced by the instruments differ from the waves produced by the tuning ...
Habitat selection by feral cats and dingoes in a
... feral cats (Konecny 1987; Alterio et al. 1998), no study has examined the possible reasons underlying these phenomena. Habitat use in animals has been much studied over the past 75 years (Rosenzweig 1991). From early on it was recognized that within some species, individuals actually choose which ha ...
... feral cats (Konecny 1987; Alterio et al. 1998), no study has examined the possible reasons underlying these phenomena. Habitat use in animals has been much studied over the past 75 years (Rosenzweig 1991). From early on it was recognized that within some species, individuals actually choose which ha ...
Approaches to measuring the effects of human disturbance on birds
... the conservation benefits of public access can potentially over-ride direct demographic costs to individuals. Much of the research on this topic has focused on remote areas such as Antarctica, where visitor impacts on breeding bird colonies and appropriate visitor management strategies have been ext ...
... the conservation benefits of public access can potentially over-ride direct demographic costs to individuals. Much of the research on this topic has focused on remote areas such as Antarctica, where visitor impacts on breeding bird colonies and appropriate visitor management strategies have been ext ...
Role of Biotic Interactions in a Small Mammal Assemblage in
... Giller and Gee 1987, O'Neill 1988, Powell 1989, Steele 1989, Levin 1992). The majority of ecological studies occur on a short temporal scale; Tilman (1989) found that 86% of 180 manipulative field experiments published in Ecology in 1977-1987 lasted 3 yrlfield seasons or less; only 7% had a duration ...
... Giller and Gee 1987, O'Neill 1988, Powell 1989, Steele 1989, Levin 1992). The majority of ecological studies occur on a short temporal scale; Tilman (1989) found that 86% of 180 manipulative field experiments published in Ecology in 1977-1987 lasted 3 yrlfield seasons or less; only 7% had a duration ...
An experimentalist`s challenge: when artifacts of intervention interact
... ering remained constant across all habitats to be compared. This implicit assumption of no higher-order artifact (i.e. no interaction between tethering effect and habitat) is acknowledged in only 2 of the 22 studies (Table 1). Perhaps the most illuminating demonstration of the widespread failure eve ...
... ering remained constant across all habitats to be compared. This implicit assumption of no higher-order artifact (i.e. no interaction between tethering effect and habitat) is acknowledged in only 2 of the 22 studies (Table 1). Perhaps the most illuminating demonstration of the widespread failure eve ...
Eco-evolutionary feedbacks in community and ecosystem ecology
... 1994). Likewise, dominant or foundational species in one habitat may be rare in another habitat, species moving nutrients into low-nutrient environments are likely to have greater effects on ecosystem function than species moving nutrients into high-nutrient environments, and species that have stron ...
... 1994). Likewise, dominant or foundational species in one habitat may be rare in another habitat, species moving nutrients into low-nutrient environments are likely to have greater effects on ecosystem function than species moving nutrients into high-nutrient environments, and species that have stron ...
Ecological footprints and sustainable development
... spatial scales. Third, more detailed calculations do include trade within the ecological footprint. If world trade were included then, under the assumption of all areas maintaining their inhabitants’ standards of living, there would be some losers as well as winners. A glance at the Human Developmen ...
... spatial scales. Third, more detailed calculations do include trade within the ecological footprint. If world trade were included then, under the assumption of all areas maintaining their inhabitants’ standards of living, there would be some losers as well as winners. A glance at the Human Developmen ...
When Good Animals Love Bad Habitats: Ecological Traps and the
... recognizing them in the field. Evidence for ecological traps has primarily been found in habitats modified by human activities, either directly (e.g., through the mowing of grassland birds’ nests) or indirectly (e.g., via human-mediated invasion of exotic species), but some studies suggest that trap ...
... recognizing them in the field. Evidence for ecological traps has primarily been found in habitats modified by human activities, either directly (e.g., through the mowing of grassland birds’ nests) or indirectly (e.g., via human-mediated invasion of exotic species), but some studies suggest that trap ...
Chapter two LITERATURE REVIEW 2. Noise-induced hearing loss: Overview
... consistently across diseases, risk factors, and regions. In summary the GBD provides estimates of mortality and morbidity for causes of disease and injury (WHO, Global Burden of Disease, 2009). ...
... consistently across diseases, risk factors, and regions. In summary the GBD provides estimates of mortality and morbidity for causes of disease and injury (WHO, Global Burden of Disease, 2009). ...
Levin, S.A. (editor). Encyclopedia
... fire and grazing) that create and maintain grassland habitats (Askins et al., 2007). Landscape-level analyses have revealed the specific habitat features required for foraging and nesting by these birds (Ribic and Sample, 2001; Veech, 2006). These species are sensitive to the fragmentation of their ...
... fire and grazing) that create and maintain grassland habitats (Askins et al., 2007). Landscape-level analyses have revealed the specific habitat features required for foraging and nesting by these birds (Ribic and Sample, 2001; Veech, 2006). These species are sensitive to the fragmentation of their ...
VOL 5, #3 Arc
... gave Dr. Morgan their perspective: "Doctors, please listen! Cure or control but do not harm." Dr. Morgan realized that there was an alternative: stereotactic radiosurgery with the Gamma Knife. It was an outpatient procedure and it could be performed without upsetting his busy daily routine. Addition ...
... gave Dr. Morgan their perspective: "Doctors, please listen! Cure or control but do not harm." Dr. Morgan realized that there was an alternative: stereotactic radiosurgery with the Gamma Knife. It was an outpatient procedure and it could be performed without upsetting his busy daily routine. Addition ...
Soundscape ecology
Soundscape ecology is the study of sound within a landscape and its effect on organisms. Sounds may be generated by organisms (biophony), by the physical environment (geophony), or by humans (anthrophony). Soundscape ecologists seek to understand how these different sound sources interact across spatial scales and through time. Variation in soundscapes may have wide-ranging ecological effects as organisms often obtain information from environmental sounds. Soundscape ecologists use recording devices, audio tools, and elements of traditional ecological analyses to study soundscape structure. Increasingly, anthrophony, sometimes referred to in older, more archaic terminology as anthropogenic noise dominates soundscapes, and this type of noise pollution or disturbance has a negative impact on a wide range of organisms. The preservation of natural soundscapes is now a recognized conservation goal.