technical paper
... only be modified by polishing or roughening. For very thin layers (thin films for example) internal reflection effects can cause the reflectance to vary with layer thickness. Thin films are applied to a surface to change color, enhance reflectance, reduce reflectance or change polarization. The most ...
... only be modified by polishing or roughening. For very thin layers (thin films for example) internal reflection effects can cause the reflectance to vary with layer thickness. Thin films are applied to a surface to change color, enhance reflectance, reduce reflectance or change polarization. The most ...
Excited State Processes and Application to Lasers The technology
... is a great deal of excess energy in the excited state. It must be pumped in some way and it must be able to store the energy. We have already shown in the section on the Einstein coefficients that the maximum excited state population is ½ in a two-level system. We shown this again in a slightly diff ...
... is a great deal of excess energy in the excited state. It must be pumped in some way and it must be able to store the energy. We have already shown in the section on the Einstein coefficients that the maximum excited state population is ½ in a two-level system. We shown this again in a slightly diff ...
MICROSCOPY
... by a lens having a different refractive index for different wavelengths of light (the dispersion of the lens). ...
... by a lens having a different refractive index for different wavelengths of light (the dispersion of the lens). ...
5 - www2
... the light suffers total reflection in the waveguide, it still does penetrate the neighboring medium in a depth commeasurable with the wavelength. The observation follows from the quantum nature of the light-matter interaction (let’s think about the tunneling effect that is based on this feature, as ...
... the light suffers total reflection in the waveguide, it still does penetrate the neighboring medium in a depth commeasurable with the wavelength. The observation follows from the quantum nature of the light-matter interaction (let’s think about the tunneling effect that is based on this feature, as ...
PowerPoint Presentation - 12.540 Principles of the Global
... the duration of the pulse • For mm-level measurements, need a pulse of the duration equivalent of a few millimeters. • Pulse strength also enters (you need to be able to detect the return pulse). • In general, direct time measurement needs expensive equipment. • A laser system capable of mm-level ra ...
... the duration of the pulse • For mm-level measurements, need a pulse of the duration equivalent of a few millimeters. • Pulse strength also enters (you need to be able to detect the return pulse). • In general, direct time measurement needs expensive equipment. • A laser system capable of mm-level ra ...
Optical phase measurement emphasized
... change upon total internal reflection, which is revealed by modification of the polarization state. One can send a laser beam to a prism such that light is polarized at 45° with the horizontal. If we place and rotate a polarizer in the path of the beam right before the beam enters into the prism, we ...
... change upon total internal reflection, which is revealed by modification of the polarization state. One can send a laser beam to a prism such that light is polarized at 45° with the horizontal. If we place and rotate a polarizer in the path of the beam right before the beam enters into the prism, we ...
Student Study Guide
... Light is a result of excited atoms giving off energy. Atoms are the building blocks of matter and consist of a positively charged nucleus of protons and neutrons orbited by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. Heat, light, and electricity are among the things that can excite atoms. Once excited, ...
... Light is a result of excited atoms giving off energy. Atoms are the building blocks of matter and consist of a positively charged nucleus of protons and neutrons orbited by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. Heat, light, and electricity are among the things that can excite atoms. Once excited, ...
RAY OPTICS
... Ray optics is the simplest theory of light. Light is described by rays that travel in different optical media in accordance with a set of geometrical rules. Ray optics is therefore also called geometrical optics. Ray optics is an approximate theory. Although it adequately describes most of our daily ...
... Ray optics is the simplest theory of light. Light is described by rays that travel in different optical media in accordance with a set of geometrical rules. Ray optics is therefore also called geometrical optics. Ray optics is an approximate theory. Although it adequately describes most of our daily ...
Observation of coupling between surface plasmons in index
... through a periodic array of subwavelength holes in an optically thick metal film1 triggered interest in the coupling between light and surface plasmons. This coupling occurs via diffraction of the periodic lattice, effectively adding a reciprocal lattice vector to the wave vector of the incoming lig ...
... through a periodic array of subwavelength holes in an optically thick metal film1 triggered interest in the coupling between light and surface plasmons. This coupling occurs via diffraction of the periodic lattice, effectively adding a reciprocal lattice vector to the wave vector of the incoming lig ...
Retroreflector
A retroreflector (sometimes called a retroflector or cataphote) is a device or surface that reflects light back to its source with a minimum of scattering. In a retroreflector an electromagnetic wavefront is reflected back along a vector that is parallel to but opposite in direction from the wave's source. The angle of incidence at which the device or surface reflects light in this way is greater than zero, unlike a planar mirror, which does this only if the mirror is exactly perpendicular to the wave front, having a zero angle of incidence.