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Consequences of the WFC3 IR detector 24 degrees tilt
Consequences of the WFC3 IR detector 24 degrees tilt

... primary for the 1 mm substrate. It is hard to estimate the amount of energy in the secondary image from first principles since this number depends among others from the refraction index mismatch between HgCdTe and CdZnTe and on the precise nature of the AR coating. Assuming pessimistically that 15 p ...
EE119 Homework 7: Microscopes, Projectors and Photomultiplier
EE119 Homework 7: Microscopes, Projectors and Photomultiplier

... The positive solution to this quadratic equation is fo = 0.5. Notice that if the working distance were larger, then fo could be larger too. But let’s use fo = 0.5here. This means that the eyepiece focal length should be 8/(3×0.5)=16/3=5.333 cm. Now we need to find some diameters for these lenses. Fo ...
Optical frequency standard
Optical frequency standard

... than those with lower oscillation frequencies. Although optical sources are used for some functionalities (optical pumping, laser cooling of atoms), all present primary and secondary frequency standards are "microwave-based” as they probe an atomic transition whose frequency belongs to the microwave ...
Statistical Mechanics
Statistical Mechanics

Bending What is Optical Fiber Dispersion?
Bending What is Optical Fiber Dispersion?

... Multimode fibers can guide many different light modes since they have much larger core size. Each mode enters the fiber at a different angle and thus travels at different paths in the fiber. ...
RE: [interferometry] Re: LUPI - Shack variation Ric: The original
RE: [interferometry] Re: LUPI - Shack variation Ric: The original

... system operating in the way that a telescope is. Some spherical aberration in the system , behind the reference surface, is allowable because the shape of the fringes is already determined by the interferometer cavity. The Twymann - LUPI configuration doesn't have that luxury as the optical quality ...
Tutorial for Chapter 8
Tutorial for Chapter 8

... A Gaussian beam of Rayleigh range z0 = 50 cm and wavelength  = 488 nm is converted into another Gaussian beam with using a lens of focal length f = 5 cm at a distance z = 75 cm. Find the beam waist and location (from the lens) for the new Gaussian beam. ...
properties of laser beams
properties of laser beams

... called mode locking, it is possible to produce light pulses whose duration is roughly equal to the inverse of the linewidth of the laser transition 2→1. • If the line width is narrow the pulse width is very short~ 0.1-1 ns some flash lamps can emit light pulses with a duration of somewhat less than ...
as a PDF - Department of Engineering Science
as a PDF - Department of Engineering Science

... Therefore the only viable solution in microscopy, up until now, has been to keep the imaging plane fixed and to change the distance between the object and imaging lens mechanically. Attempts have been made to improve the speed at which this can be done by using piezoelectric elements [2,3] however t ...
File - Mr. Catt`s Class
File - Mr. Catt`s Class

INDIAN SCHOOL DARSAIT
INDIAN SCHOOL DARSAIT

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LASER - NDLR Dspace

EXPERIMENT 5 Microwave Michelson Interferometer
EXPERIMENT 5 Microwave Michelson Interferometer

... form ...
EXPERIMENT 4 Microwave Michelson Interferometer
EXPERIMENT 4 Microwave Michelson Interferometer

... Microwaves  are  a  form  of  electromagnetic  radiation  with  wavelengths  in  the  range  from  1  cm  to  1  m.  This  wavelength  is  long  enough  (frequency  is  low  enough)  that  an  electronic  device  can  be  built  which  will  produce  the  radiation  in  quantity.  At  the  lowest  p ...
A301.Ch5.Telescopes
A301.Ch5.Telescopes

... radio wavelengths are least affected (recall material from ch.3). For other wavelength regions, need satellite observatories or at least very high mountains (same for visible because of seeing). (Sec. 5.7) 2. CCDs—Photographic plates only capture about 1% of the light, while charge-coupled devices ( ...
Variable Geometric Phase Polarization Rotators for the Visible
Variable Geometric Phase Polarization Rotators for the Visible

YourFirstTelescope
YourFirstTelescope

... aberrations in the original refractor designs, however, they didn’t remove all aberrations. So a more advanced Apochromatic OLA was developed, which introduced a plano-convex lens behind the biconcave lens in the achromatic design. This addition further reduced both aberration problems and is featur ...
Optimizing Fluorescence Signal Quality
Optimizing Fluorescence Signal Quality

... Alignment: The light path within your filter switching device can be optimized by following the procedures detailed in the appropriate manual. Optical Integrity: Optical filters become cloudy with use. Their replacement may improve excitation intensity. Liquid Light Guide Attachment to Microscope: T ...
Bright Field Microscopy
Bright Field Microscopy

Lecture 31 - Purdue Physics
Lecture 31 - Purdue Physics

... It is effectively the central ray of the bundle emerging from a point on an object that can get through the aperture. Importance: aberrations in optical systems ...
an edge following algorithm and its application
an edge following algorithm and its application

Transparent mirrors: rays, waves and localization
Transparent mirrors: rays, waves and localization

... One of our aims in returning to this ancient problem is to point out the discordance between two theories of transparent mirrors. The first is the ‘naive ray’ picture (e.g. Stokes 1862, Baumeister et al 1972), in which it is considered that the random phases render all waves incoherent, so that the ...
Info Note 804: UV-VIS Nomenclature and Units
Info Note 804: UV-VIS Nomenclature and Units

Nothing Travels Faster Than Light
Nothing Travels Faster Than Light

Sample Pages
Sample Pages

... With fiber bundles, the diameter of the space required for the image relay is reduced significantly, leaving more space for other instrument channels. Other advantages of fiber-optic endoscopes include transmitting the image over long distances and observing around corners. An imaging fiber bundle t ...
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Retroreflector



A retroreflector (sometimes called a retroflector or cataphote) is a device or surface that reflects light back to its source with a minimum of scattering. In a retroreflector an electromagnetic wavefront is reflected back along a vector that is parallel to but opposite in direction from the wave's source. The angle of incidence at which the device or surface reflects light in this way is greater than zero, unlike a planar mirror, which does this only if the mirror is exactly perpendicular to the wave front, having a zero angle of incidence.
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